Project description:How and when the Americas were populated remains contentious. Using ancient and modern genome-wide data, we find that the ancestors of all present-day Native Americans, including Athabascans and Amerindians, entered the Americas as a single migration wave from Siberia no earlier than 23 thousand years ago (KYA), and after no more than 8,000-year isolation period in Beringia. Native Americans diversified into two basal genetic branches around 13 KYA, one in North and South America and the other restricted to North America. Subsequent gene flow resulted in some Native Americans sharing ancestry with present-day East Asians and Australo-Melanesians, the latter possibly through the ancestors of Aleutian Islanders. Putative relict populations in South America, including the historical Pericúes and Fuego-Patagonians, are not directly related to modern Australo-Melanesians.
Project description:Expression profiling of the three clonotypic lineages dominating T. gondii populations in North America and Europe provides a first comprehensive view of the parasite transcriptome.
Project description:The Virochip microarray (version 4.0) was used to detect viruses in patients from North America with unexplained influenza-like illness at the onset of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic.
Project description:Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is a common congenital cardiac anomaly, with an estimated incidence of 1-2%. It is responsible for the greatest burden of aortic valve disease in patients younger than 70 years in North America. We performed microRNA profiling in end-stage valve leaflets with BAV and TAV.
