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Functional and transcriptomic basis of enhanced muscle function after denervation-induced paralysis of the mouse whisker pad

ABSTRACT: Functional and transcriptomic basis of enhanced muscle function after denervation-induced paralysis of the mouse whisker pad

PROVIDER: PRJNA497847 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR8084660_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR8084660_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR8084670_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR8084670_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR8084661_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Functional and transcriptomic basis of enhanced muscle function after denervation-induced paralysis of the mouse whisker pad

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Real-Time Quantitative PCR Analyis of Neonatal Rat Whisker Pad Skin-derived Precursors (SKPs)

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Transcription profiling of skeletal muscle from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis sod1(G86R) axotomized mice and control mice to monitor denervation-dependent gene expression in an Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) mouse model

Project description:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal adult-onset neuromuscular disorder characterized by the selective degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons, progressive muscle wasting and paralysis. To define the full set of alterations in gene expression in skeletal muscle during the course of the disease, we performed high-density oligonucleotide microarray analysis of gene expression in hind limb skeletal muscles of sod1(G86R) mice, one of the existing transgenic models of ALS. To monitor denervation-dependent gene expression, we determined the effects of short-term acute denervation on the muscle transcriptome after sciatic nerve axotomy.

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Transcriptional profiling of whisker follicles and of the striatum in methamphetamine self-administered rats

Project description:This study provides the first data on gene expression levels in whisker follicles and in the striatum in relation to MA reward and thereby may accelerate the research on the whisker follicle as an alternative source of biomarkers for the diagnosis of MA use disorder.

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Optogenetic and transcriptomic interrogation of enhanced muscle function in the paralyzed mouse whisker pad.

Project description:The functional state of denervated muscle is a critical factor in the ability to restore movement after injury- or disease-related paralysis. Here we used peripheral optogenetic stimulation and transcriptome profiling in the mouse whisker system to investigate the time course of changes in neuromuscular function following complete unilateral facial nerve transection. While most skeletal muscles rapidly lose functionality after lower motor neuron denervation, optogenetic muscle stimulation of the paralyzed whisker pad revealed sustained increases in the sensitivity, velocity, and amplitude of whisker movements, and reduced fatigability, starting 48 h after denervation. RNA-seq analysis showed distinct regulation of multiple gene families in denervated whisker pad muscles compared with the atrophy-prone soleus, including prominent changes in ion channels and contractile fibers. Together, our results define the unique functional and transcriptomic landscape of denervated facial muscles and have general implications for restoring movement after neuromuscular injury or disease. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Optogenetic activation of muscle can be used to noninvasively induce movements and probe muscle function. We used this technique in mice to investigate changes in whisker movements following facial nerve transection. We found unexpectedly enhanced functional properties of whisker pad muscle following denervation, accompanied by unique transcriptomic changes. Our findings highlight the utility of the mouse whisker pad for investigating the restoration of movement after paralysis.

| S-EPMC6485730 | biostudies-literature

Cricket paralysis virus

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Molecular states underlying neuronal cell type development and plasticity in the whisker cortex

Project description:Mouse whisker somatosensory cortex (wS1) is a major model system to study the experience-dependent plasticity of cortical neuron physiology, morphology, and sensory coding. However, the role of sensory experience in regulating neuronal cell type development and gene expression in wS1 remains poorly understood. We assembled and annotated a transcriptomic atlas of wS1 during postnatal development comprising 45 molecularly distinct neuronal types that can be grouped into eight subclasses of excitatory neurons and four subclasses of inhibitory neurons. Using this atlas, we examined the influence of whisker experience between postnatal day (P) 12, the onset of active whisking, to P22, on the maturation of molecularly distinct cell types. During this developmental period, when whisker experience was normal, ~250 genes were regulated in a neuronal subclass-specific fashion. At the resolution of neuronal types, we found that only the composition of layer (L) 2/3 glutamatergic neuronal types, but not other neuronal types, changed substantially between P12 and P22. These compositional changes resemble those observed previously in the primary visual cortex (V1), and the temporal gene expression changes were also highly conserved between the two regions. In contrast to V1, however, cell type maturation in wS1 is likely independent of sensory experience, as 10-day full-face whisker deprivation had no influence on the transcriptomic identity and composition of L2/3 neuronal types. A one-day competitive whisker deprivation protocol also did not affect cell type identity but induced moderate changes in plasticity-related gene expression. Thus, developmental maturation of cell types is similar in V1 and wS1, but sensory deprivation has a minimal effect on cell type development in wS1.

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Gradient of tactile properties in the rat whisker pad.

Project description:The array of vibrissae on a rat's face is the first stage in a high-resolution tactile sensing system. Progressing from rostral to caudal in any vibrissae row results in an increase in whisker length and thickness. This may, in turn, provide a systematic map of separate tactile channels governed by the mechanical properties of the whiskers. To examine whether this map is expressed in a location-dependent transformation of tactile signals into whisker vibrations and neuronal responses, we monitored whiskers' movements across various surfaces and edges. We found a robust rostral-caudal (R-C) gradient of tactile information transmission in which rostral shorter vibrissae displayed a higher sensitivity and bigger differences in response to different textures, whereas longer caudal vibrissae were less sensitive. This gradient is evident in several dynamic properties of vibrissae trajectories. As rodents sample the environment with multiple vibrissae, we found that combining tactile signals from multiple vibrissae resulted in an increased sensitivity and bigger differences in response to the different textures. Nonetheless, we found that texture identity is not represented spatially across the whisker pad. Based on the responses of first-order sensory neurons, we found that they adhere to the tactile information conveyed by the vibrissae. That is, neurons innervating rostral vibrissae were better suited for texture discrimination, whereas neurons innervating caudal vibrissae were more suited for edge detection. These results suggest that the whisker array in rodents forms a sensory structure in which different facets of tactile information are transmitted through location-dependent gradient of vibrissae on the rat's face.

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Gene expression profiles of Vcap xenograft tumors with chemical or physical denervation.

Project description:Carcinoma VCaP tumors that evolve in denervated rat prostate glands exhibited a significantly altered gene expression profile and phenotype as compared with VCaP tumors that evolve in the normal, innervated rat prostate gland. Interestingly, unilateral denervation resulted in a reduction in tumor size relative to control and the reduction was more pronounced with botox (chemical denervation) as compared with MPG excision (physical denervation). Chemical and Physical denervation yield similar gene expression profiles.

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