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ATAC-Seq profiling of progenitor exhausted and terminally exhausted CD8+ T-cells from tumors and chronic viral infection

ABSTRACT: ATAC-Seq profiling of progenitor exhausted and terminally exhausted CD8+ T-cells from tumors and chronic viral infection

PROVIDER: PRJNA507855 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR8269970_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR8269970_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR8269961_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR8269961_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR8269971_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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ATAC-Seq profiling of progenitor exhausted and terminally exhausted CD8+ T-cells from tumors and chronic viral infection

Project description:Epigenetically similar subpopulations of exhausted CD8+ T-cells are found in chronic viral infection and tumors

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scRNA-seq, bulk RNA-seq, and ATAC-seq data from progenitor exhausted and terminally exhausted CD8+ T cells from tumors and chronic viral infection

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Bulk RNA-Seq profiling of progenitor exhausted (Slamf6+Tim-3-) and terminally exhausted (Slamf6-Tim-3+) CD8+ T-cells from tumors and chronic viral infection

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CD39 expression identifies terminally exhausted CD8+ T cells

Project description:Exhausted T cells express multiple co-inhibitory molecules that impair their function and limit immunity to chronic viral infection. Defining novel markers of exhaustion is important both for identifying and potentially reversing T cell exhaustion. Herein, we show that the ectonucleotidse CD39 is a marker of exhausted CD8+ T cells. CD8+ T cells specific for HCV or HIV express high levels of CD39, but those specific for EBV and CMV do not. CD39 expressed by CD8+ T cells in chronic infection is enzymatically active, co-expressed with PD-1, marks cells with a transcriptional signature of T cell exhaustion and correlates with viral load in HIV and HCV. In the mouse model of chronic Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus infection, virus-specific CD8+ T cells contain a population of CD39high CD8+ T cells that is absent in functional memory cells elicited by acute infection. This CD39high CD8+ T cell population is enriched for cells with the phenotypic and functional profile of terminal exhaustion. These findings provide a new marker of T cell exhaustion, and implicate the purinergic pathway in the regulation of T cell exhaustion. CD8+ T cells from subjects with HCV infection were sorted and pelleted and re-suspended in TRIzol (Invitrogen). RNA extraction was performed using the RNAdvance Tissue Isolation kit (Agencourt). Concentrations of total RNA were determined with a Nanodrop spectrophotometer or Ribogreen RNA quantification kits (Molecular Probes/Invitrogen). RNA purity was determined by Bioanalyzer 2100 traces (Agilent Technologies). Total RNA was amplified with the WT-Ovation Pico RNA Amplification system (NuGEN) according to the manufacturer's instructions. After fragmentation and biotinylation, cDNA was hybridized to HG-U133A 2.0 microarrays (Affymetrix).

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Metabolic Reprogramming of Terminally Exhausted CD8+ T-cells by Interleukin-10 Enhances Anti-Tumour Immunity

Project description:Terminally exhausted CD8+ T-cells, which hold certain level of anti-tumour cytotoxicity but largely reduced proliferation capacity, contribute directly to tumour growth control. However, this subpopulation do not respond to immune checkpoint blockades or most existing immunotherapies and are difficult to be reactivated. Here, we show that a half-life extended interleukin (IL)-10/Fc fusion protein directly expands the terminally exhausted CD8+ TILs and sustains their effector functions through in vivo metabolic reprogramming, leading to eradication of established solid tumours and durable cures in a majority of treated mice when combined with adoptive T-cell transfer immunotherapy. Our results provide preclinical evidence that IL-10/Fc is a safe and highly effective therapy that acts on a specific subset of CD8+ TILs distinct from those responding to immune checkpoint blockades. Thus, IL-10/Fc could complement and synergize with existing cancer immunotherapies for enhanced efficacy and response rates. We find that IL-10/Fc reprograms T-cell metabolism by promoting oxidative phosphorylation through the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier, suggesting that metabolic reprogramming is sufficient to revitalize terminally exhausted CD8+ TILs.

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Project description:CD8 T cells normally differentiate from resting naÃ¯ve T cells into function effector and then memory CD8 T cells following acute infections. During chronic viral infections, however, virus-specific CD8 T cells often become exhausted. We used microarrays to examine the gene expression differences between naive, effector, memory and exhausted virus-specific CD8 T cells following lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection. Experiment Overall Design: Three or four independent samples were sorted by flow cytometry for each cell type (naive, effector, memory and exhausted) virus-specific CD8 T cells. RNA was extracted and hybridized to Affymetrix microarrays.

2008-06-16 | E-GEOD-9650 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Chromatin accessibility landscapes of CX3CR1+ effector , CX3CR1- Ly108- exhausted, or Ly108+ progenitor CD8 T cells during chronic viral infection.

Project description:During chronic viral infection, pathogen-specifc CD8+ T cells develop into three main phenotypically and functionally distinct subsets: TCF1hi progenitor, PD-1hi exhausted, and recently identied CX3CR1+ cytotoxic effector cells. Although genetic programs governing progenitor and exhausted subset formation have been well-studied, how CX3CR1+ effector CD8+ T cell differentiation is transcriptionally and epigentically regulated remains elusive. In this study, our single cell transcriptomics and epigenetic assays revealed that three subsets of virus-specific cells were governed by distinct gene regulatory networks (GRNs) and epigenetic landscapes. Computational analyses demonstrated a striking similarity between the CX3CR1+ subset and short-live effector cells (SLECs) from acute LCMV infection. Consistently, genetic deletion of T-bet (Tbx21) significantly diminished the formation and function of the CX3CR1+ subset. Importantly, we identify that the transcription factor (TF) BATF is required to maintain a permissive chromatin structure that allows differentiation transition from TCF1+ progenitor to CX3CR1+ effector cells. Intriguingly, haplodificiency of BATF in CD8+ T cells abolished CX3CR1+ effector subset formation. Lastly, we found that BATF directly bound to key genetic regions such as Tbx21 and modulated their enhancer accessibility to facilitate progenitor to CX3CR1+ effector cell transition. These mechanistic insights can be harnessed to overcome T cell exhaustion in treating chronic infections and cancer.

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10X single-cell RNASeq profiling of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T-cells from B16-OVA mouse melanoma tumors

Project description:Distinct populations of progenitor exhausted (Tcf1+Tim-3-) and terminally exhausted (Tcf1-Tim-3+) CD8+ T-cells occur in B16-OVA tumors

2018-11-20 | GSE122675 | GEO

Genome-wide maps of histone modifications in CX3CR1+ effector , CX3CR1- Ly108- exhausted, or Ly108+ progenitor CD8 T cells during chronic viral infection.

2021-05-22 | GSE149810 | GEO