Gene expression signatures after immunisation with Boostrix - alum adsorbed tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid and acellular pertussis vaccine (BIOVACSAFE protocol 305D2)
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PROVIDER: PRJNA514018 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:The time course of whole blood gene expression was determined in healthy adult human participants who were randomised to receive either a single intramuscular immunisation with Boostrix vaccine (characteristics: treatment = BOOSTRIX) or equivalent volume saline control (characteristics: treatment = PLACEBOD2). Participants are identified who reported having had an immunisation with Boostrix within the past 5 years (characteristics: recent boostrix = 1).
2022-01-07 | GSE124842 | GEO
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC4288310 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundAdministering inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV), 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13), and diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccine together has been associated with increased risk for febrile seizure after vaccination. We assessed the effect of administering IIV at a separate visit from PCV13 and DTaP on postvaccination fever.MethodsIn 2017-2018, children aged 12 to 16 months were randomly assigned to receive study vaccines simultaneously or sequentially. They had 2 study visits 2 weeks apart; nonstudy vaccines were permitted at visit 1. The simultaneous group received PCV13, DTaP, and quadrivalent IIV (IIV4) at visit 1 and no vaccines at visit 2. The sequential group received PCV13 and DTaP at visit 1 and IIV4 at visit 2. Participants were monitored for fever (?38°C) and antipyretic use during the 8 days after visits.ResultsThere were 110 children randomly assigned to the simultaneous group and 111 children to the sequential group; 90% received ?1 nonstudy vaccine at visit 1. Similar proportions of children experienced fever on days 1 to 2 after visits 1 and 2 combined (simultaneous [8.1%] versus sequential [9.3%]; adjusted relative risk = 0.87 [95% confidence interval 0.36-2.10]). During days 1 to 2 after visit 1, more children in the simultaneous group received antipyretics (37.4% vs 22.4%; P = .020).ConclusionsIn our study, delaying IIV4 administration by 2 weeks in children receiving DTaP and PCV13 did not reduce fever occurrence after vaccination. Reevaluating this strategy to prevent fever using an IIV4 with a different composition in a future influenza season may be considered.
| S-EPMC7055925 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Bordetella pertussis is the etiological agent of whooping cough, a bacterial infection of especially children, which may be fatal without treatment. In frame of studies to investigate putative effects of vaccination on host-pathogen interaction and clonal distribution of strains, in addition to Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Clostridium tetani toxoid vaccines, also whole-cell and acellular pertussis vaccines were analyzed by mass spectrometry.
2019-05-14 | PXD013804 | Pride
Project description:Purpose: we have performed RNA-seq analysis of sensory neurons isolated from alum vs. alum+KLH immunized mice
2018-03-19 | GSE108428 | GEO
Project description:ImportanceThe United States has experienced a nationwide resurgence of pertussis since the mid-1970s, despite high estimated vaccine coverage. Short-lived immunity induced by diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccines in young children is widely believed to be responsible for this growing burden, but the duration of protection conferred by DTaP vaccines remains incompletely quantified.ObjectiveTo assess the duration of immunity and the effectiveness of DTaP vaccines in US children.Design, setting, and participantsA mathematical, age-structured model of pertussis transmission, previously validated empirically on incidence data in Massachusetts, was used in this simulation study to assess the duration of DTaP immunity most consistent with the empirical values of the relative increase in the odds of acquiring pertussis from recent epidemiologic studies in the United States. The study included 5 simulated cohorts of children born between January 1, 2001, and December 31, 2005, followed up between the ages of 5 and 9 years (study period, January 1, 2006, to December 31, 2014). Statistical analysis was performed from May 1 to December 1, 2017.InterventionsVaccination with DTaP according to the US immunization schedule, with a range of assumptions regarding the degree of waning immunity.Main outcomes and measuresVaccine effectiveness and relative change in the odds of acquiring pertussis (odds ratio) in children aged 5 to 9 years, duration of DTaP immunity, and vaccine population-level impact.ResultsThis study found a marked association between the degree of waning immunity, vaccine effectiveness, and the odds ratio. Counterintuitively, the odds ratio was positively associated with vaccine effectiveness, as a consequence of nonlinear, age-assortative transmission dynamics. Based on the empirical odds ratios (1.33; 95% CI, 1.23-1.43), it was estimated that vaccine effectiveness exceeded 75% in children aged 5 to 9 years and that more than 65% of children remained immune to pertussis 5 years after the last DTaP dose.Conclusions and relevanceThe results of this study suggest that temporal trends in the odds of acquiring pertussis are an unreliable measure of the durability of vaccine-induced protection. They further demonstrate that DTaP vaccines confer imperfect, but long-lived protection. Control strategies should be based on the best available estimates of vaccine properties and the age structure of the transmission network.
| S-EPMC6547082 | biostudies-literature
Project description:To assess pregnancy and birth outcomes in infants born to women who did or did not receive tetanus, diphtheria, acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine during pregnancy.Retrospective cohort. Pregnant women 12-45 years of age who received Tdap at Intermountain Healthcare facilities and their infants were identified and compared with mother-infant pairs without documented Tdap from May 2005 through August 2009. Primary measures included pregnancy outcomes and infant health outcomes at birth through 12 months.From 162,448 pregnancies we identified 138 women (0.08%) with documented Tdap administration during pregnancy (cases); 552 pregnant women without documented Tdap were randomly selected as controls. Of 138 immunized women, 63% received Tdap in the first trimester and 37% after. Tdap was given most commonly as wound prophylaxis. The incidence of spontaneous or elective abortion was no greater in Tdap cases than in controls. There were no significant differences in preterm delivery, gestational age, or birth weight between groups. One or more congenital anomaly was identified in 3.7% (95% CI 1.2%-8.5%) of case infants and 4.4% (95% CI 2.7%-6.5%) of control infants (P = .749). In infants born to women receiving Tdap during pregnancy, 3.6% (0.8%-10.2%) had International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification diagnoses consistent with complex chronic conditions within 12 months compared with 10.4% (95% CI 7.2%-14.4%) of infants of controls (P = .054).Documented Tdap administration during pregnancy was uncommon and occurred most often in the first trimester as prophylaxis following trauma. No increase in adverse outcomes was identified in infants born to women receiving Tdap compared with infants of controls.
| S-EPMC4102585 | biostudies-other
Project description:The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommends administering diphtheria, tetanus and acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccines to children at 2, 4, 6, 15-18 months, and 4-6 y of age; preferably with the same-brand vaccine for the whole series. We estimated age-appropriate DTaP dose completion and the proportion of children receiving a "mixed" DTaP vaccination series (ie, including DTaP vaccines from ? 2 brands) across the 3 milestones. Commercially-insured children born between 01/01/2003 and 04/30/2011 were identified from United States health insurance claims data and assigned to ? 1 of 3 study cohorts based on the duration of continuous health plan enrollment: 1) birth to <8 months; 2) birth to <20 months; 3) birth to <7 years. Dose completion and brand mixing of the first 3, first 4 or all 5 doses were measured in the respective cohorts. Administered DTaP vaccinations were identified in claims data and classified by brand (based on vaccine components and manufacturer). The analysis included children who received ? 2 DTaP vaccinations and had known brand information for all doses. Age-appropriate dose completion was 77% with 3 doses (<8 months cohort), 71% with 4 doses (<20 months cohort), and 85% with 5 doses (<7 years cohort). Mixed DTaP series were received by 4.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.6%-4.7%) in the <8 months cohort, 29.0% (95% CI: 28.6%-29.4%) in the <20 months cohort, and 39.0% (95% CI: 34.5, 43.6) in the <7 years cohort. DTaP mixing was just 4.7% for the first 3 doses but subsequently increased with the number of administered doses.
| S-EPMC4514255 | biostudies-literature
Project description:INTRODUCTION:It is recommended that all pregnant women in the U.S. receive tetanus, diphtheria, acellular pertussis (Tdap) immunization to prevent infant pertussis. This study's objective was to examine the clinical effectiveness of prenatal Tdap, and whether effectiveness varies by gestational age at immunization. METHODS:A nationwide cohort study of pregnant women with deliveries in 2010-2014 and their infants was performed. Commercial insurance claims data were analyzed in 2016-2017 to identify Tdap receipt by the pregnant women, and hospitalizations and outpatient visits for pertussis in their infants until the infants reached 18 months of age. Pertussis occurrence was compared between infants of mothers who received prenatal Tdap (overall and stratified by gestational age at administration) and infants of unvaccinated mothers. RESULTS:There were 675,167 mother-infant pairs in the cohort. Among infants whose mothers received prenatal Tdap, the rate of pertussis was 43% lower (hazard ratio=0.57, 95% CI=0.35, 0.92) than infants whose mothers did not receive prenatal or postpartum Tdap; this reduction was consistent across pertussis definitions (hazard ratio for inpatient-only pertussis=0.32, 95% CI=0.11, 0.91). Pertussis rates were also lower for infants whose mothers received Tdap during the third trimester. Infants whose mothers received Tdap at <27 weeks of gestation did not experience reductions in pertussis rates (hazard ratio for pertussis=1.10, 95% CI=0.54, 2.25). CONCLUSIONS:Infants of mothers who received prenatal Tdap experienced half the rate of pertussis as compared with infants of unimmunized mothers. These results do not provide evidence to support changing the currently recommended timing of Tdap administration in pregnancy.
| S-EPMC6054882 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Vaccines undergo stringent batch-release testing, most often including in-vivo assays for potency. For combination vaccines, such as diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTaP), chemical modification induced by formaldehyde inactivation, as well as adsorption to aluminum-based adjuvants, complicates antigen-specific in-vitro analysis. Here, a mass spectrometric method was developed that allows the identification and quantitation of DTaP antigens in a combination vaccine. Isotopically labeled, antigen-specific internal standard peptides were employed that permitted absolute quantitation of their antigen-derived peptide counterparts and, consequently, the individual antigens. We evaluated the applicability of the method on monovalent non-adjuvanted antigens, on final vaccine lots and on experimental vaccine batches, where certain antigens were omitted from the drug product. Apart from the applicability for final batch release, we demonstrated the suitability of the approach for in-process control monitoring. The peptide quantification method facilitates antigen-specific identification and quantification of combination vaccines in a single assay. This may contribute, as part of the consistency approach, to a reduction in the number of animal tests required for vaccine-batch release.
| S-EPMC9323524 | biostudies-literature