Project description:The transcriptome changes of the ileal mucosa in suckling piglets during early postnatal life were analysed to contribute to the knowledge of a pig’s gut development. In addition, the ileal transcriptome of suckling piglets was compared with that of age-matched weaned piglets (weaned at the age of 21 days) to elucidate the effect of weaning on the developing gut. DNA microarray was used to analyse the change of transcriptome profiles and biological pathways in porcine ileum that occurred during the developmental or the weaning process.
Project description:Breast milk has shown neurodevelopmental advantages compared to infant formula, especially in IUGR infants, which may relate to the fat source. This study aimed to compare neurodevelopmental outcomes in normal birth weight (NBW) and intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR) piglets fed a formula diet with either a vegetable oil (VEG) or bovine milk fat source (MILK). Results showed that total plasma lipids were increased by feeding the MILK diet. 82% and 11% of lipid species were differentially expressed between dietary groups in plasma and hippocampus, respectively, with slight agreement between the plasma and brain lipidome. The MILK diet was most effective in increasing brain lipid accretion, mainly comprising phospholipids. Absolute regional brain weights, grey and white matter volumes, and behavior and motor function scores were lower in IUGR piglets with no effects of diet. Cognitive function and gene expression profiles were similar for dietary and weight groups, and overall only minor interactive effects between diet and weight were observed. In conclusion, dietary fat source influenced the plasma and to a lesser degree the hippocampal lipidome, but was unable to improve on IUGR induced brain structural and functional impairments.
Project description:Based on genetic risk factors and natural history, Crohn’s disease (CD) can be separated in two entities, an ileal and a colonic disease. Protein based-approaches are needed to elucidate whether such subphenotypes are related to distinct pathophysiological processes. In this work, we compared the proteome of ulcer edge to the one of paired control tissue in ileum and colon of CD patients. We revealed that ileal and colonic ulcer edge can be distinguished by a differential distribution of epithelial–mesenchymal transition proteins, neutrophil degranulation proteins and ribosomal proteins. In ileal and colonic ulcer edge, we found a quasi-systematic increase of the proteins implicated in the pathway of protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum and a quasi-systematic decrease of mitochondrial proteins. Our study provides for the first time protein-based evidences showing partly distinct pathophysiological processes associated to ileal and colonic ulcer edge in CD. This could constitute a first step toward the development of gut segment-specific diagnostic markers and therapeutics.
Project description:To further study of pcv2-related diseases, we have employed whole genome microarray expression profiling as a discovery platform to identify ileal differentially expressed genes of piglets after pcv2 infection. Infected and uninfected piglets were sampled and analyzed by whole genome microarray expression profiling. The result showed 43603 differencially expressed genes in ileum after PCV2 infection. Expression of 11 genes (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IFNε, C5, C1QA, CCL4, CCL5, CCL25, CXCL9, CD163) from this signature was quantified in the same RNA samples by real-time PCR, confirming low variability between samples.
Project description:Epigenetic profiling of birth-weight discordant twins using Illumina's 450K Human DNA methylation BeadChip Comparing DNA methylation difference in birth-weight discordant twin pairs
Project description:Comparison of distal small intestine and colon in IntraUterine Growth Restricted versus normal birth weight piglets at the age of 19 days of life. Keywords: Nutritional state comparative analysis.