Mouse gut metagenome
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA528357 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR8776280_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR8776280_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR8776290_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR8776290_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR8776281_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:The increasing prevalence of obesity and related metabolic disorders represents a growing public health concern. Despite advances in other areas of medicine, a safe and effective drug treatment for obesity has been elusive. Obesity has repeatedly been linked to reorganization of the gut microbiome 1-4 , yet to this point obesity therapeutics have been targeted exclusively toward the human host. Here we show that gut microbe-targeted inhibition of the metaorganismal trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) pathway protects mice against the metabolic disturbances associated with diet-induced obesity (DIO) or leptin deficiency (ob/ob). Selective small molecule inhibition of the gut microbial enzyme choline TMA-lyase (CutC) does not significantly reduce food intake, but instead is associated with beneficial remodeling of the gut microbiome, improvement in glucose tolerance, and enhanced energy expenditure. Leveraging untargeted metabolomics we discovered that CutC inhibition is associated with reorganization of host circadian control of both phosphatidylcholine and energy metabolism. Collectively, this study underscores the close relationship between microbe and host metabolism, and provides evidence that gut microbe-derived trimethylamine (TMA) is a key regulator of the host circadian clock. This work also demonstrates that gut microbe-targeted enzyme inhibitors can have profound effects on host energy metabolism, and have untapped potential as anti-obesity therapeutics.
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Project description:BACKGROUND & AIMS: There is mounting evidence that microbes resident in the human intestine contribute to diverse alcohol-associated liver diseases (ALD) including the most deadly form known as alcoholic hepatitis (AH). However, mechanisms by which gut microbiota synergize with excessive alcohol intake to promote liver injury are poorly understood. Furthermore, whether drugs that selectively target gut microbial metabolism can improve ALD has never been tested. METHODS: We used liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry to quantify the levels of microbe and host choline co-metabolites in healthy controls and AH patients, and identified the metabolite trimethylamine (TMA) as a gut microbe-derived biomarker of AH. In subsequent studies, we treated mice with non-lethal mechanism-based bacterial choline TMA lyase inhibitors to blunt gut microbe-dependent production of TMA in the context of chronic ethanol administration. Indices of liver injury were quantified by complementary RNA sequencing, biochemical, and histological approaches. In addition, we examined the impact of ethanol consumption and TMA lyase inhibition on gut microbiome structure via 16S rRNA sequencing. RESULTS: We show the gut microbial choline metabolite trimethylamine (TMA) is elevated in AH patients, which is correlated with reduced hepatic expression of the TMA oxygenase flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 (FMO3). Provocatively, we find that small molecule inhibition of gut microbial choline TMA lyase activity protects mice from ethanol-induced liver injury. TMA lyase inhibitor-driven improvement in ethanol-induced liver injury is associated with distinct reorganization of the gut microbiome community and host liver transcriptome. CONCLUSIONS: The microbial metabolite TMA is a biomarker of AH, and blocking TMA production from gut microbes can blunt ALD in mice.
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