TCR density in early iNKT cell precursors regulates agonist selection and subset differentiation in mice
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA530611 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:We identified a novel subset of iNKT cells, C2 iNKT cells, that circulate in the periphery. Correspondingly, we characterized the tissue-resident iNKT cell subset, C1 iNKT cells. The development and terminal maturation of C2 iNKT cells completely depended on the thymic epithelial IL-15 niche, whereas C1 iNKT cells were regulated also by local IL-15 niches in peripheral tissues. C2 iNKT cells expressed high levels of genes related to cytotoxicity and exhibited more NK cell-like features. Functionally, C2 iNKT cells regulated self-antigen expression for immune tolerance in the thymus and mediated cancer immunosurveillance in the periphery.
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Project description:We identified a novel subset of iNKT cells, C2 iNKT cells, that circulate in the periphery. Correspondingly, we characterized the tissue-resident iNKT cell subset, C1 iNKT cells. We also found the precursor of these two subsets of iNKT cells, C0 iNKT cells in thymus. The development and terminal maturation of C2 iNKT cells completely depended on the thymic epithelial IL-15 niche, whereas C1 iNKT cells were regulated also by local IL-15 niches in peripheral tissues. C2 iNKT cells expressed high levels of genes related to cytotoxicity and exhibited more NK cell-like features. Here we characterized the C2 iNKT cells, C1 iNKT cells, and C0 iNKT cells using RNA-seq. We also performed RNA-seq for CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells and NK cells as a comparison. To investigate the effect of CD4, we performed the RNA-seq for the CD4+ and CD4- C2 iNKT cells.
2022-08-08 | GSE206627 | GEO
Project description:We identified two novel subsets of iNKT cells in mouse, C2 iNKT cells (the circulating subset) and C1 iNKT cells (the tissue-resident subset). Here, we characterized the cells of these two subsets in human peripheral blood.
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Project description:Development of T cells is controlled by the signal strength of the TCR. The scaffold protein Kinase D-interacting substrate of 220 kDa (Kidins220) binds to the TCR; however, its role in T cell development was unknown. Here, we show that T cell-specific Kidins220 knock-out (T-KO) mice have strongly reduced invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cell numbers and modest decreases in conventional T cells. Enhanced apoptosis due to increased TCR signaling in T-KO iNKT thymocytes of developmental stage 2 and 3 shows that Kidins220 downregulates TCR signaling at these stages. scRNAseq indicated that the transcription factor Aiolos is downregulated in Kidins220-deficient iNKT cells. Analysis of an Aiolos KO demonstrated that Aiolos is a downstream effector of Kidins220 during iNKT cell development. In the periphery, T-KO iNKT cells show reduced TCR signaling upon stimulation with α-galactosylceramide, suggesting that Kidins220 promotes TCR signaling in peripheral iNKT cells. Thus, Kidins220 reduces or promotes signaling dependent on the iNKT cell developmental stage.
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Project description:Three major phenotypically and functionally distinct invariant Natural Killer T (iNKT) cell subsets (iNKT1, iNKT17 and iNKT2), each with propensity to traffic to different tissues and to secrete different cytokines upon activation, have been defined. These fate assignments can be conferred upon iNKT cells during development in the thymus, but the cues that direct these decisions remain unclear. Here, we show that T cell antigen receptor (TCR) signal strength governs the development of iNKT cell subsets in the thymus, with high signaling strength necessary for iNKT2 and iNKT17 development. Alteration of TCR diversity and/or signaling dramatically diminished iNKT2 and iNKT17 cell subset development in a cell intrinsic manner. Decreased TCR signaling affected the persistence of Egr2 expression and the upregulation of PLZF both in vivo and in vitro. Genome-wide chromatin accessibility analysis revealed subset-specific activity of regulatory elements associated with unique signatures of transcription factor binding sites. NFAT and Egr binding motifs were found preferentially enriched in chromatin regulatory regions specifically accessible in iNKT2 cells that were lost in iNKT2 cells that had developed with reduced TCR signaling. Altogether, these data suggest a model of iNKT cell subset development where variable TCR signaling induces changes in chromatin accessibility at NFAT and Egr binding sites which exerts a determinative influence on the dynamic of gene enhancer accessibility that affects the developmental fate of iNKT cells.
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Project description:Three major phenotypically and functionally distinct invariant Natural Killer T (iNKT) cell subsets (iNKT1, iNKT17 and iNKT2), each with propensity to traffic to different tissues and to secrete different cytokines upon activation, have been defined. These fate assignments can be conferred upon iNKT cells during development in the thymus, but the cues that direct these decisions remain unclear. Here, we show that T cell antigen receptor (TCR) signal strength governs the development of iNKT cell subsets in the thymus, with high signaling strength necessary for iNKT2 and iNKT17 development. Alteration of TCR diversity and/or signaling dramatically diminished iNKT2 and iNKT17 cell subset development in a cell intrinsic manner. Decreased TCR signaling affected the persistence of Egr2 expression and the upregulation of PLZF both in vivo and in vitro. Genome-wide chromatin accessibility analysis revealed subset-specific activity of regulatory elements associated with unique signatures of transcription factor binding sites. NFAT and Egr binding motifs were found preferentially enriched in chromatin regulatory regions specifically accessible in iNKT2 cells that were lost in iNKT2 cells that had developed with reduced TCR signaling. Altogether, these data suggest a model of iNKT cell subset development where variable TCR signaling induces changes in chromatin accessibility at NFAT and Egr binding sites which exerts a determinative influence on the dynamic of gene enhancer accessibility that affects the developmental fate of iNKT cells.
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Project description:TET proteins oxidize 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine and further oxidation products in DNA. Here we report that simultaneous deletion of Tet2 and Tet3 in mouse double-positive thymocytes resulted in dysregulated development and proliferation of invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells. Tet2-Tet3-double-deficient (DKO) iNKT cells displayed pronounced skewing towards the NKT17 lineage, with increased DNA methylation and impaired expression of genes encoding the key lineage-specifying factors T-bet and ThPOK. Transfer of purified Tet2-Tet3 DKO iNKT cells into immunocompetent recipient mice resulted in uncontrolled expansion dependent on the nonclassical MHC protein CD1d, which presents lipid antigens to iNKT cells. Our data indicate that TET proteins regulate iNKT cell fate by ensuring proper development and maturation and suppressing aberrant T cell antigen receptor (TCR)-mediated proliferation.
2016-11-21 | GSE72116 | GEO
Project description:TET proteins oxidize 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine and further oxidation products in DNA. Here we report that simultaneous deletion of Tet2 and Tet3 in mouse double-positive thymocytes resulted in dysregulated development and proliferation of invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells. Tet2-Tet3-double-deficient (DKO) iNKT cells displayed pronounced skewing towards the NKT17 lineage, with increased DNA methylation and impaired expression of genes encoding the key lineage-specifying factors T-bet and ThPOK. Transfer of purified Tet2-Tet3 DKO iNKT cells into immunocompetent recipient mice resulted in uncontrolled expansion dependent on the nonclassical MHC protein CD1d, which presents lipid antigens to iNKT cells. Our data indicate that TET proteins regulate iNKT cell fate by ensuring proper development and maturation and suppressing aberrant T cell antigen receptor (TCR)-mediated proliferation.
2016-11-21 | GSE85743 | GEO