Loss of H3K27me3 imprinting in the Sfmbt2 miRNA cluster causes enlargement of cloned mouse placentas
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PROVIDER: PRJNA531686 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Abnormal placentation in cloned animals remains an unsolved problem. We demonstrated the involvement of micro RNAs (miRNAs) in the abnormal enlargement (hyperplasia) of placentas in cloned mice. Using a comparative transcriptome analysis of cloned placentas, we noted the consistent upregulation of clustered miRNAs within Sfmbt2, a paternally expressed imprinted gene. This region was biallelically activated by loss of imprinting (LOI) in cloned placentas. Deletion of the maternal allele of the whole miRNA cluster resulted in the correction of their expression levels and upregulation of their putative target genes with antitumor or apoptotic functions. Consequently, the placental size was reduced to the normal level and histology was ameliorated. In contrast, correcting the expression of the LOI genes (Sfmbt2, Gab1, and Scl38a4) in cloned placentas had no impact on placental size. Thus, we identified that LOI of clustered miRNAs within Sfmbt2 in cloned placentas was the major cause of abnormal placental enlargement.
2020-02-29 | GSE129939 | GEO
Project description:Abnormal placentation in cloned animals remains an unsolved problem. We demonstrated the involvement of micro RNAs (miRNAs) in the abnormal enlargement (hyperplasia) of placentas in cloned mice. Using a comparative transcriptome analysis of cloned placentas, we noted the consistent upregulation of clustered miRNAs within Sfmbt2, a paternally expressed imprinted gene. This region was biallelically activated by loss of imprinting (LOI) in cloned placentas. Deletion of the maternal allele of the whole miRNA cluster resulted in the correction of their expression levels and upregulation of their putative target genes with antitumor or apoptotic functions. Consequently, the placental size was reduced to the normal level and histology was ameliorated. In contrast, correcting the expression of the LOI genes (Sfmbt2, Gab1, and Scl38a4) in cloned placentas had no impact on placental size. Thus, we identified that LOI of clustered miRNAs within Sfmbt2 in cloned placentas was the major cause of abnormal placental enlargement.
2020-02-29 | GSE129541 | GEO
Project description:Loss of H3K27me3 imprinting in the Sfmbt2 miRNA cluster causes enlargement of cloned mouse placentas
| PRJNA533233 | ENA
Project description:Loss of H3K27me3 imprinting in the Sfmbt2 miRNA cluster causes enlargement of cloned mouse placentas
| PRJNA533508 | ENA
Project description:Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) in mammals is an inefficient process that is frequently associated with abnormal phenotypes, especially in placentas. Recent studies demonstrated that mouse SCNT placentas completely lack histone methylation (H3K27me3)-dependent imprinting, but how it affects placental development remains unclear. Here, we provide evidence that the loss of H3K27me3 imprinting is responsible for abnormal placental enlargement and low birth rates following SCNT, through upregulation of imprinted miRNAs. When we restore the normal paternal expression of H3K27me3-dependent imprinted genes (Sfmbt2, Gab1, and Slc38a4) in SCNT placentas by maternal knockout, the placentas remain enlarged. Intriguingly, correcting the expression of clustered miRNAs within the Sfmbt2 gene ameliorates the placental phenotype. Importantly, their target genes, which are confirmed to cause SCNT-like placental histology, recover their expression level. The birth rates increase about twofold. Thus, we identify loss of H3K27me3 imprinting as an epigenetic error that compromises embryo development following SCNT.
| S-EPMC7195362 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
2020-02-29 | GSE129940 | GEO
Project description:Our knowledge of genomic imprinting in primates is lagging behand that of mice largely due to the difficulties of allelic analyses in outbred animals. To understand imprinting dynamics in primates, we profiled transcriptomes, DNA methylomes and H3K27me3 in uniparental monkey embryos. We further developed single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP)-free methods, TARSII and CARSII, to identify germline differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in somatic tissues. Our comprehensive analyses showed that allelic DNA methylation, but not H3K27me3, is a major mark that correlates with paternal-biasedly expressed genes (PEGs) in uniparental monkey embryos. Interestingly, primate germline DMRs are different from PEG-associated DMRs in early embryos and are enriched in placenta. Strikingly, most placenta-specific germline DMRs are lost in placenta of cloned monkey. Collectively, our study establishes SNP-free germline DMR identification methods, defines developmental imprinting dynamics in primates and demonstrates imprinting defects in cloned monkey placenta, which provides important clues for improving primate cloning.
2021-09-07 | GSE159347 | GEO
Project description:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent small noncoding RNAs that are involved in physiologic and developmental processes by negatively regulating expression of target genes. They exist as individual miRNA genes or as polycistronically transcribed gene clusters. The largest miRNA cluster in mice is located in intron 10 of the Sfmbt2 gene, and contains 72 miRNA precursor sequences within approximately 50 kb. Although this miRNA cluster emerged recently in the rodent genome, probably coincidentally with the acquisition of the imprinted control of Sfmbt2, very little is known about its functions. In this study, we generated mice lacking the entire Sfmbt2 miRNA cluster to elucidate its functions during development. Like the Sfmbt2 gene, the Sfmbt2 miRNAs were expressed in the placenta predominantly from the paternal allele. Loss of the paternal allele resulted in severely impaired development of the spongiotrophoblast layer, which usually comprises about half of the fetal placenta. This phenotype was associated with fetal developmental delay or lethality, leading to significant decreases in the number of fetuses and their weights at term. Microarray analysis identified that at least 30 miRNAs in the cluster were actively transcribed in wild-type placentas. Among the predicted targets of these miRNAs, 132 genes were upregulated in the miRNA-deleted placentas. Some of the genes most significantly upregulated, including Gkn2 and Runx1, are known to inhibit cell proliferation by inducing cell cycle arrest or apoptosis. Thus, the Sfmbt2 miRNAs play essential roles in promoting trophoblastic cell proliferation in the placenta, cooperating with the host gene under the same paternal expression control.
2017-02-01 | GSE82054 | GEO
Project description:Genomic imprinting regulates parental origin-dependent mono-allelic gene expression. It is mediated by either germline differential methylation of DNA (canonical imprinting) or oocyte-derived H3K27me3 (non-canonical imprinting) in mice. Depletion of Eed, an essential component of Polycomb repressive complex 2, results in genome-wide loss of H3K27me3 in oocytes, which causes loss of non-canonical imprinting (LOI) in embryos. Although Eed maternal KO (matKO) embryos show partial lethality after implantation, it is unknown whether LOI itself contributes to the developmental phenotypes of these embryos, which makes it unclear whether non-canonical imprinting is developmentally relevant. Here, by combinatorial matKO of Xist, a non-canonical imprinted gene whose LOI causes aberrant transient maternal X chromosome inactivation (XCI) at preimplantation, we show that prevention of the transient maternal XCI greatly restores the development of Eed matKO embryos. Moreover, we find that the placentae of Eed matKO embryos are remarkably enlarged in a manner independent of Xist LOI. Heterozygous deletion screening of individual autosomal non-canonical imprinted genes suggests that LOI of the Sfmbt2 miRNA cluster-chromosome 2 miRNA cluster (C2MC), solute carrier family 38 member 4 (Slc38a4), and Gm32885 contributes to the placental enlargement. Taken together, our study provides evidence that Xist imprinting sustains embryonic development and autosomal non-canonical imprinting restrains placental overgrowth.
2022-06-30 | GSE199115 | GEO
Project description:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent small noncoding RNAs that are involved in physiologic and developmental processes by negatively regulating expression of target genes. They exist as individual miRNA genes or as polycistronically transcribed gene clusters. The largest miRNA cluster in mice is located in intron 10 of the Sfmbt2 gene, and contains 72 miRNA precursor sequences within approximately 50 kb. Although this miRNA cluster emerged recently in the rodent genome, probably coincidentally with the acquisition of the imprinted control of Sfmbt2, very little is known about its functions. In this study, we generated mice lacking the entire Sfmbt2 miRNA cluster to elucidate its functions during development. Like the Sfmbt2 gene, the Sfmbt2 miRNAs were expressed in the placenta predominantly from the paternal allele. Loss of the paternal allele resulted in severely impaired development of the spongiotrophoblast layer, which usually comprises about half of the fetal placenta. This phenotype was associated with fetal developmental delay or lethality, leading to significant decreases in the number of fetuses and their weights at term. Microarray analysis identified that at least 30 miRNAs in the cluster were actively transcribed in wild-type placentas. Among the predicted targets of these miRNAs, 132 genes were upregulated in the miRNA-deleted placentas. Some of the genes most significantly upregulated, including Gkn2 and Runx1, are known to inhibit cell proliferation by inducing cell cycle arrest or apoptosis. Thus, the Sfmbt2 miRNAs play essential roles in promoting trophoblastic cell proliferation in the placenta, cooperating with the host gene under the same paternal expression control.
2017-02-01 | GSE82053 | GEO