Synaptic dysfunction in human neurons with Autism associated deletions in PTCHD1-AS
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA532882 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR8897620_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR8897620_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR8897621_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR8897621_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR8897622_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:The Xp22.11 locus that encompasses PTCHD1, DDX53, and the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) PTCHD1-AS is frequently disrupted in males with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but the functional consequences of these genetic risk factors for ASD are unknown. : iPSC-derived neurons from the ASD subjects exhibited reduced miniature excitatory post-synaptic current (mEPSC) frequency and NMDA receptor hypofunction. We found that 35 ASD-associated deletions mapping to the PTCHD1 locus disrupt exons of PTCHD1-AS. We also report a novel ASD-associated deletion of PTCHD1-AS exon 3, and we show exon 3 loss alters PTCHD1-AS splicing without affecting expression of the neighboring PTCHD1 coding gene. Finally, targeted disruption of PTCHD1-AS exon 3 recapitulated diminished mEPSC frequency, supporting a role for the lncRNA in the etiology of ASD. Our genetic findings provide strong evidence that PTCHD1-AS deletions are risk factors for ASD, and human iPSC-derived neurons implicate these deletions in the neurophysiology of excitatory synapses and in ASD-associated synaptic impairment.
2019-09-03 | GSE129808 | GEO
Project description:The long non-coding (lnc) RNA PTCHD1-AS is frequently disrupted in males with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but its role in neuron function is unknown. We generated induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells from two ASD subjects with PTCHD1 locus microdeletions, and produced neurons that exhibited reduced miniature excitatory post-synaptic current (mEPSC) frequency and NMDA receptor hypofunction. Mutation of the lncRNA PTCHD1-AS had no impact on expression of the divergently transcribed neighboring PTCHD1 gene in cis, but 14 genes were differentially expressed. Alternative splicing patterns of the nuclear lncRNA were affected by exon 3 loss, and its importance was reinforced by discovery of a novel ASD-associated exon 3 deletion. Finally, genome editing of exon 3 in iPS cells recapitulated diminished mEPSC frequency in neurons. Our findings directly implicate PTCHD1-AS in excitatory synapse function, and reveal the first association of lncRNA deletion with neuronal under-connectivity in ASD.
2019-05-18 | GSE81624 | GEO
Project description:Synapse development and neuronal activity represent fundamental processes for the establishment of cognitive function. Structural organization as well as signalling pathways from receptor stimulation to gene expression regulation are mediated by synaptic activity and misregulated in neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID). Deleterious mutations in the PTCHD1 (Patched domain containing 1) gene have been described in male patients with X-linked ID and/or ASD. The structure of PTCHD1 protein is similar to the Patched (PTCH1) receptor; however, the cellular mechanisms and pathways associated with PTCHD1 in the developing brain are poorly determined. Here we show that PTCHD1 displays a C-terminal PDZ-binding motif that binds to the postsynaptic proteins PSD95 and SAP102. We also report that PTCHD1 is unable to rescue the canonical sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway in cells depleted of PTCH1, suggesting that both proteins are involved in distinct cellular signalling pathways. We find that Ptchd1 deficiency in male mice (Ptchd1-/y) induces global changes in synaptic gene expression, affects the expression of the immediate-early expression genes Egr1 and Npas4 and finally impairs excitatory synaptic structure and neuronal excitatory activity in the hippocampus, leading to cognitive dysfunction, motor disabilities and hyperactivity. Thus our results support that PTCHD1 deficiency induces a neurodevelopmental disorder causing excitatory synaptic dysfunction.
2017-04-14 | GSE80312 | GEO
Project description:Autism-associated deletions of the lncRNA PTCHD1-AS result in synaptic dysfunction in human neurons
| PRJNA322140 | ENA
Project description:Synaptic dysfunction represents a key pathophysiology in neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Rare mutation R451C in human Neuroligin 3 (NLGN3, encoded by X-linked gene NLGN3), a cell adhesion molecule essential for synapse formation, has been linked to ASD. Despite success in recapitulating the social interaction behavioral deficits and the underlying synaptic abnormalities in mouse model, the impact of NLGN3 R451C on the human neuronal system remains elusive. Here, we generated isogenic knock-in human pluripotent stem cell lines harboring NLGN3 R451C allele and examined its impact on synaptic transmission. Analysis of co-cultured excitatory and inhibitory induced neurons (iNs) with mutation revealed an augmentation in excitatory synaptic strength comparing to isogenic control, but not in inhibitory synaptic transmission. Consistently, the augmentation in excitatory transmission was confirmed in iNs transplanted into mouse forebrain. Using single-cell RNA seq on co-cultured excitatory and inhibitory iNs, we identified differential expression genes (DEGs) and found NLGN3 R451C alters gene networks associated with synaptic transmission. Gene ontology and enrichment analysis revealed convergent gene networks associated with ASD and other mental disorders. Our finding suggests that the NLGN3 R451C mutation could preferentially impact excitatory neurons, which causes overall network properties changes and excitation-inhibition imbalance related to mental disorders.
2022-10-26 | GSE180751 | GEO
Project description:BackgroundThe Xp22.11 locus that encompasses PTCHD1, DDX53, and the long noncoding RNA PTCHD1-AS is frequently disrupted in male subjects with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but the functional consequences of these genetic risk factors for ASD are unknown.MethodsTo evaluate the functional consequences of PTCHD1 locus deletions, we generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from unaffected control subjects and 3 subjects with ASD with microdeletions affecting PTCHD1-AS/PTCHD1, PTCHD1-AS/DDX53, or PTCHD1-AS alone. Function of iPSC-derived cortical neurons was assessed using molecular approaches and electrophysiology. We also compiled novel and known genetic variants of the PTCHD1 locus to explore the roles of PTCHD1 and PTCHD1-AS in genetic risk for ASD and other neurodevelopmental disorders. Finally, genome editing was used to explore the functional consequences of deleting a single conserved exon of PTCHD1-AS.ResultsiPSC-derived neurons from subjects with ASD exhibited reduced miniature excitatory postsynaptic current frequency and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor hypofunction. We found that 35 ASD-associated deletions mapping to the PTCHD1 locus disrupted exons of PTCHD1-AS. We also found a novel ASD-associated deletion of PTCHD1-AS exon 3 and showed that exon 3 loss altered PTCHD1-AS splicing without affecting expression of the neighboring PTCHD1 coding gene. Finally, targeted disruption of PTCHD1-AS exon 3 recapitulated diminished miniature excitatory postsynaptic current frequency, supporting a role for the long noncoding RNA in the etiology of ASD.ConclusionsOur genetic findings provide strong evidence that PTCHD1-AS deletions are risk factors for ASD, and human iPSC-derived neurons implicate these deletions in the neurophysiology of excitatory synapses and in ASD-associated synaptic impairment.
| S-EPMC6948145 | biostudies-literature
Project description:16p13.11 copy number variants (CNVs) have been associated with autism, schizophrenia, psychosis, intellectual disability, and epilepsy. The majority of 16p13.11 deletions or duplications occur within three well-defined intervals, and despite growing knowledge of the functions of individual genes within these intervals, the molecular mechanisms that underlie commonly observed clinical phenotypes remain largely unknown. Patient-derived, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) provide a platform for investigating the morphological, electrophysiological, and gene-expression changes that result from 16p13.11 CNVs in human-derived neurons. Patient derived iPSCs with varying sizes of 16p13.11 deletions and familial controls were differentiated into cortical neurons for phenotypic analysis. High-content imaging and morphological analysis of patient-derived neurons demonstrated an increase in neurite branching in patients compared with controls. Whole-transcriptome sequencing revealed expression level changes in neuron development and synaptic-related gene families, suggesting a defect in synapse formation. Subsequent quantification of synapse number demonstrated increased numbers of synapses on neurons derived from early-onset patients compared to controls. The identification of common phenotypes among neurons derived from patients with overlapping 16p13.11 deletions will further assist in ascertaining common pathways and targets that could be utilized for screening drug candidates. These studies can help to improve future treatment options and clinical outcomes for 16p13.11 deletion patients.
2024-06-23 | GSE208574 | GEO
Project description:Modeling Synaptic Mechanisms of Autism-associated Neuroligin-3 R451C Mutation Using Human Neurons
| PRJNA749412 | ENA
Project description:The autism-associated synaptic-adhesion gene Neuroligin-4 (NLGN4) is poorly conserved evolutionarily, limiting conclusions from Nlgn4 mouse models for human cells. Here, we show that the cellular and subcellular expression of human and murine Neuroligin-4 differ, with human Neuroligin-4 primarily expressed in cerebral cortex and localized to excitatory synapses. Overexpression of NLGN4 in human neurons resulted in an increase in excitatory synapse numbers but a remarkable decrease in synaptic strength. Human neurons carrying the syndromic autism mutation NLGN4-R704C also formed more excitatory synapses but with increased functional synaptic transmission due to a postsynaptic mechanism, while genetic loss of NLGN4 did not significantly affect synapses in the human neurons analyzed. Thus, the NLGN4-R704C mutation represents a change of function mutation. Our work reveals contrasting roles of NLGN4 in human and mouse neurons, suggesting human evolution has impacted even fundamental cell biological processes generally assumed to be highly conserved.
2019-06-27 | GSE131428 | GEO
Project description:Microexons represent the most highly conserved class of alternative splicing, yet their functions are poorly understood. Here, we focus on closely related neuronal microexons overlapping prion-like domains in the translation initiation factors, eIF4G1 and eIF4G3, the splicing of which is activity-dependent and frequently disrupted in autism. CRISPR-Cas9 deletion of these microexons selectively up-regulates synaptic proteins that control neuronal activity and plasticity and further triggers a gene expression program mirroring that of activated neurons. Mice lacking the Eif4g1 microexon display social behavior, learning and memory deficits, as well as alterations in hippocampal synaptic plasticity. The eIF4G microexons appear to reduce synaptic protein synthesis by causing ribosome stalling, through a mechanism whereby they promote the coalescence of cytoplasmic granule components associated with translation repression, including the Fragile X mental retardation protein, FMRP. The results thus reveal an autism-disrupted mechanism by which alternative splicing specializes translation to control higher-order cognitive functioning.
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