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Respiratory chain inactivation links cartilage-mediated growth retardation to mitochondrial diseases

ABSTRACT: Respiratory chain inactivation links cartilage-mediated growth retardation to mitochondrial diseases

PROVIDER: PRJNA534258 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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Respiratory chain inactivation links cartilage-mediated growth retardation to mitochondrial diseases

Project description:In childhood skeletal growth is driven by transient expansion of cartilage in the growth plate. Common belief is that energy production in this hypoxic tissue mainly relies on anaerobic glycolysis and not on mitochondrial respiratory chain (RC) activity. However, children with mitochondrial diseases causing RC dysfunction often present with short stature, which indicates that RC activity may be essential for cartilage-mediated skeletal growth. To elucidate the role of the mitochondrial RC in cartilage growth and pathology, we generated mice with impaired RC-function in cartilage. These mice develop normally until birth, but their later growth is retarded. A detailed molecular analysis revealed that metabolic signaling and extracellular matrix formation is disturbed and induces cell death at the cartilage-bone junction to cause a chondrodysplasia-like phenotype. Hence, the results demonstrate the overall importance of the metabolic switch from fetal glycolysis to postnatal RC activation in growth plate cartilage and explain why RC dysfunction can cause short stature in children with mitochondrial disease

2019-04-24 | GSE130191 | GEO

Respiratory chain inactivation links cartilage-mediated growth retardation to mitochondrial diseases.

Project description:In childhood, skeletal growth is driven by transient expansion of cartilage in the growth plate. The common belief is that energy production in this hypoxic tissue mainly relies on anaerobic glycolysis and not on mitochondrial respiratory chain (RC) activity. However, children with mitochondrial diseases causing RC dysfunction often present with short stature, which indicates that RC activity may be essential for cartilage-mediated skeletal growth. To elucidate the role of the mitochondrial RC in cartilage growth and pathology, we generated mice with impaired RC function in cartilage. These mice develop normally until birth, but their later growth is retarded. A detailed molecular analysis revealed that metabolic signaling and extracellular matrix formation is disturbed and induces cell death at the cartilage-bone junction to cause a chondrodysplasia-like phenotype. Hence, the results demonstrate the overall importance of the metabolic switch from fetal glycolysis to postnatal RC activation in growth plate cartilage and explain why RC dysfunction can cause short stature in children with mitochondrial diseases.

| S-EPMC6548139 | biostudies-literature

Germline Variant in *Ctcf* Links Mental Retardation to Wilms Tumor Predisposition

Project description:Germline Variant in *Ctcf* Links Mental Retardation to Wilms Tumor Predisposition

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Germline Variant in Ctcf Links Mental Retardation to Wilms Tumor Predisposition

Project description:Germline Variant in Ctcf Links Mental Retardation to Wilms Tumor Predisposition

| PRJNA795463 | ENA

Spen links RNA-mediated endogenous retrovirus silencing and X chromosome inactivation

Project description:Spen links RNA-mediated endogenous retrovirus silencing and X chromosome inactivation

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Single cell RNA-seq analysis links respiratory dysfunction to an extracellular matrix-specific damage response in cartilage

Project description:Energy metabolism and extracellular matrix function are closely connected to orchestrate and maintain tissue organization, but the crosstalk is poorly understood. Here, we used scRNA-seq analysis to uncover the importance of respiration for extracellular matrix homeostasis in mature cartilage. A combined approach of high-resolution single cell RNA sequencing, mass spectrometry/matrisome analysis and atomic force microscopy was applied to mutant mice with cartilage-specific inactivation of respiratory chain function. Genetic inhibition of respiration in cartilage results in the expansion of a central area of 1-month-old mouse femur head cartilage showing disorganized chondrocytes and increased deposition of extracellular matrix material. scRNA-seq analysis identified a cluster-specific decrease in mitochondrial DNA-encoded respiratory chain genes and a unique regulation of extracellular matrix-related genes in nonarticular chondrocyte clusters. These changes were associated with alterations in extracellular matrix composition, a shift in the collagen/non-collagen protein content and an increase of collagen crosslinking and ECM stiffness. The results demonstrate, based on findings of the scRNA-seq analysis, that respiration is a key factor contributing to ECM integrity and mechanostability in cartilage and presumably also in many other tissues.

2021-09-01 | GSE173204 | GEO

Mental Retardation Patients

Project description:Profiling the genomic profiles of mental retardation patients. 13 mental retardation patients were selected for detection of genomic aberrations.

2009-12-16 | GSE19457 | GEO

Shark Cartilage in Treating Patients With Advanced Colorectal or Breast Cancer

Project description:RATIONALE: Shark cartilage extract may help shrink or slow the growth of colorectal cancer or breast cancer cells. PURPOSE: Randomized phase III trial to determine the effectiveness of shark cartilage in treating patients who have advanced colorectal cancer or advanced breast cancer.

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Engraftment of allogeneic iPS cell-derived cartilage organoid in a primate model of articular cartilage defect

Project description:Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are a promising resource for allogeneic cartilage transplantation to treat articular cartilage defects that do not heal spontaneously and often progress to debilitating conditions, such as osteoarthritis. However, to the best of our knowledge, allogeneic cartilage transplantation into primate models has never been assessed. Here, we show that allogeneic iPSC-derived cartilage organoids survive and integrate as well as function as articular cartilage in a primate model of chondral defects in the knee joints. Histological analysis revealed that allogeneic iPSC-derived cartilage organoids in chondral defects elicited no immune reaction and directly contributed to the tissue repair for at least four months. iPSC-derived cartilage organoids integrated with the host native articular cartilage and prevented degeneration of the surrounding cartilage. Single-cell RNA-sequence analysis indicated that iPSC-derived cartilage organoids differentiated after transplantation, acquiring expression of PRG4 that is crucial for joint lubrication. Pathway analysis suggested the involvement of SIK3 inactivation, verified through molecular experiments. Our study outcomes suggest that allogeneic transplantation of iPSC-derived cartilage organoids may be clinically applicable for the treatment of patients with chondral defects of the articular cartilage.

2023-01-23 | GSE206120 | GEO

Mental Retardation Patients

Project description:Profiling the genomic profiles of mental retardation patients. 13 mental retardation patients were selected for detection of genomic aberrations. Patient's DNA were hybridized against Promega control on Agilent G4426B arrays and scanned with the Agilent G2505B scanner.

2010-05-18 | E-GEOD-19457 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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