ANILLIN REGULATES BREAST CANCER CELL MIGRATION, GROWTH AND METASTASIS BY NON-CANONICAL MECHANISMS INVOLVING CONTROL OF CELL STEMNESS AND DIFFERENTIATION
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA542674 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR9049110.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR9049111.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR9049112.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR9049113.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR9049114.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Breast cancer metastasis is driven by profound remodeling of the intracellular cytoskeleton enabling efficient cell migration. Anillin is a unique cytoskeletal scaffolding protein that regulates actin filaments, microtubules, septin polymers and Rho GTPases. Anillin is markedly overexpressed in breast cancer and other solid cancer, however its functions in cancer cells remain poorly understood. This study aims at investigating the roles of anillin in regulating breast cancer cell migration, invasion and metastasis. CRISPR/Cas9 technology was used to deplete anillin in highly metastatic MDA-MB-231and BT549 cells and to overexpress it in poorly invasive MCF10AneoT cells. These loss-of-function and gain-of-function studies demonstrated that anillin is necessary and sufficient to accelerate migration, invasion and anchorage-independent growth of breast cancer cells in vitro. Furthermore, loss of anillin markedly attenuated both primary tumor growth and metastasis of breast cancer in vivo. In breast cancer cells, anillin was localized in the nucleus, however anillin knockout affected the cytoplasmic/cortical events such as the organization of actin cytoskeleton and cell-matrix adhesions. This was accompanied by a global transcriptional reprogramming of anillin-depleted breast cancer cells that resulted in suppression of their stemness and induction of the mesenchymal to epithelial trans-differentiation. Such trans-differentiation was manifested by upregulation of basal keratins along with increased expression of E-cadherin and P-cadherin. Knockdown of E-cadherin reversed attenuated migration and invasion of anillin-deficient cells. Our study provides the first evidence that anillin plays causal roles in breast cancer development and metastasis in vitro and in vivo and unravels novel functions of anillin in regulating breast cancer stemness and differentiation.
2020-01-01 | GSE131120 | GEO
Project description:BackgroundBreast cancer metastasis is driven by a profound remodeling of the cytoskeleton that enables efficient cell migration and invasion. Anillin is a unique scaffolding protein regulating major cytoskeletal structures, such as actin filaments, microtubules, and septin polymers. It is markedly overexpressed in breast cancer, and high anillin expression is associated with poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of anillin in breast cancer cell migration, growth, and metastasis.MethodsCRISPR/Cas9 technology was used to deplete anillin in highly metastatic MDA-MB-231 and BT549 cells and to overexpress it in poorly invasive MCF10AneoT cells. The effects of anillin depletion and overexpression on breast cancer cell motility in vitro were examined by wound healing and Matrigel invasion assays. Assembly of the actin cytoskeleton and matrix adhesion were evaluated by immunofluorescence labeling and confocal microscopy. In vitro tumor development was monitored by soft agar growth assays, whereas cancer stem cells were examined using a mammosphere formation assay and flow cytometry. The effects of anillin knockout on tumor growth and metastasis in vivo were determined by injecting control and anillin-depleted breast cancer cells into NSG mice.ResultsLoss-of-function and gain-of-function studies demonstrated that anillin is necessary and sufficient to accelerate migration, invasion, and anchorage-independent growth of breast cancer cells in vitro. Furthermore, loss of anillin markedly attenuated primary tumor growth and metastasis of breast cancer in vivo. In breast cancer cells, anillin was localized in the nucleus; however, knockout of this protein affected the cytoplasmic/cortical events, e.g., the organization of actin cytoskeleton and cell-matrix adhesions. Furthermore, we observed a global transcriptional reprogramming of anillin-depleted breast cancer cells that resulted in suppression of their stemness and induction of the mesenchymal to epithelial trans-differentiation. Such trans-differentiation was manifested by the upregulation of basal keratins along with the increased expression of E-cadherin and P-cadherin. Knockdown of E-cadherin restored the impaired migration and invasion of anillin-deficient breast cancer cells.ConclusionOur study demonstrates that anillin plays essential roles in promoting breast cancer growth and metastatic dissemination in vitro and in vivo and unravels novel functions of anillin in regulating breast cancer stemness and differentiation.
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Project description:The accumulation of acidic metabolic waste products within the tumor microenvironment profoundly inhibits effector functions of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). However, it is unclear whether extracellular-acidosis impacts T cell metabolic fitness and differentiation status. Here, we surprisingly found that prolonged acid exposure reprogrammed T cell intracellular metabolism and mitochondrial fitness, and preserved T cell stemness. Elevated extracellular-acidosis impaired methionine uptake and metabolism via downregulating SLC7A5, therefore altering H3K27me3 deposition at the promoters of crucial T cell stemness genes. These changes promoted the maintenance of a “stem-like memory” state and improved long-term in vivo persistence and anti-tumor efficacy. Our findings not only reveal the unexpected roles of extracellular-acidosis in the maintenance of stem-like properties of T cells, but also advance our understanding of the direct involvement of methionine metabolism in T cell stemness.
2023-01-17 | MTBLS6661 | MetaboLights
Project description:G-Protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), especially chemokine receptors, play a central role in the regulation of T cell migration. Various GPCRs are upregulated in activated CD4 T cells, among them P2Y10, a putative lysophospholipid receptor that is officially still considered an orphan GPCR. P2Y10-deficient CD4 T cells showed normal activation, differentiation, and proliferation, but reduced chemokine-induced migration and polarization. Chemokine-induced activation of RhoA, a central regulator of polarization and migration, was reduced in the absence of P2Y10, and this was due to loss of an autocrine feedback loop involving chemokine-triggered release of lysophosphatidylserine and adenosine triphosphate and consecutive P2Y10-dependent RhoA activation. In line with impaired chemokine-induced T cell migration, we found that mice with CD4 T cell-specific P2Y10 deficiency showed reduced T cell infiltration into the spinal cord in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, a mouse model of multiple sclerosis
2021-09-21 | GSE162246 | GEO
Project description:We previously showed that the combination of markers LNGFR+ and THY-1+ can be used selectively to isolate human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) in bone marrow and several tissues. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating stemness of hMSCs remain to be elucidated. In this study, we found that Frizzled 5 (FZD5) and Receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 2 (ROR2) were highly enriched in LNGFR+THY-1+ derived clones that retain a high potential for proliferation (rapidly expanding clones; RECs). WNT5A, the ligand of FZD5, causes FZD5 and ROR2 to co-localize and activates non-canonical Wnt pathway in RECs. Moreover, FZD5 knockdown attenuated proliferation and caused senescence. In contrast, FZD5 overexpression delayed senescence. These results indicate that intrinsic activation of non-canonical Wnt signaling via FZD5 and ROR2 modulates stemness and senescence of RECs. Thus, control of non-canonical Wnt signaling would enable us to regulate hMSC quality and to enhance the efficacy of cell-replacement therapy using hMSCs.
2016-09-02 | GSE86369 | GEO
Project description:The chemokine CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR4 play important roles in signaling and migration of T-cells, but little is known about the transcriptional events involved in CXCL12-mediated T-cell migration. In this study we performed microarray analysis on CXCL12- treated T-cells, and found that the Wnt family of proteins was significantly upregulated during CXCL12 treatment. Confirmation of these results by real-time PCR and Western analysis indicated that the non-canonical Wnt pathway was specifically upregulated during CXCL12 treatment. In vitro and in vivo knockdown studies confirm that b-catenin (the key mediator of canonical Wnt signaling) is not involved in the CXCL12-mediated migration of T-cells. However, Wnt5A, a non-canonical Wnt protein, increases signaling through the CXCL12/ CXCR4 axis via Protein Kinase C (PKC). Our results demonstrated that CXCL12 required Wnt5A to mediate T-cell migration, and the treatment of T-cells with recombinant Wnt5A sensitized T-cells to CXCL12 induced migration. Additionally, Wnt5A expression was required for the sustained expression of CXCR4, both transcriptionally and translationally. These results could be translated in vivo, using EL4 thymoma metastasis as a model of T-cell migration. Taken together our data indicate, for the first time, that Wnt5A is a critical mediator of the CXCL12/ CXCR4 signaling axis. Keywords: Wnt5A, CXCL12, CXCL12, CXCR4, T-cell Migration
2009-01-01 | GSE12449 | GEO
Project description:The development of three-dimensional cell culture techniques has allowed cancer researchers to study the stemness properties of cancer cells in in vitro culture. However, a method to grow PAX3-FOXO1-positive fusion-positive rhabdomyosarcoma (FP-RMS) - an aggressive soft tissue sarcoma of childhood - has thus far not been achieved, hampering efforts to identify the dysregulated signaling pathways that underlie FP-RMS stemness. Here, we first examine the expression of canonical stem cell markers in human RMS tumors and cell lines. We then describe a method to grow FP-RMS cell lines as rhabdospheres and demonstrate that these spheres are enriched in expression of canonical stemness factors as well as Notch signaling components. Specifically, FP-RMS rhabdospheres have increased expression of SOX2, POU5F1 (OCT4), and NANOG, and several receptors and transcriptional regulators in the Notch signaling pathway. FP-RMS rhabdospheres also exhibit functional stemness characteristics including multipotency, increased tumorigenicity in vivo, and chemoresistance. This method provides a novel practical tool to support research into FP-RMS stemness and chemoresistance signaling mechanisms. We used microarray to understand the transcriptome profile of rhabdomyosarcoma in different culture condition (adherent, sphere, and xenograft).
2021-02-22 | GSE119716 | GEO
Project description:Mesenchymal-like stemness is characterized by epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Breast cancer (BC) cell mesenchymal-like stemness is responsible for distal lung metastasis. Interrogation of databases showed that Fzd7 was closely associated with a panel of mesenchymal-related genes and a panel of stemness-related genes. Fzd7 knockdown in mesenchymal-like MDA-MB-231 and Hs578T cells reduced expression of Vimentin, Slug and Zeb1, induced an epithelial-like morphology, inhibited cell motility, impaired mammosphere formation and decreased Lgr5+ subpopulation. In contrast, Fzd7 overexpression in MCF7 cells resulted in opposite changes. Fzd7 knockdown delayed xenograft tumor formation, suppressed tumor growth, and impaired lung metastasis. Mechanistically, Fzd7 combined with Wnt5a/b and modulated expression of phosphorylated Stat3 (p-STAT3), Smad3 and Yes-associated protein 1 (Yap1). Moreover, Fzd7-Wnt5b modulated expression of collagen, type VI, alpha 1 (Col6a1). Both Wnt5b knockdown and Col6a1 knockdown disrupted BC cell mesenchymal phenotype and stemness. Taken together, Fzd7 contributes to BC cell EMT and stemness, inducing tumorigenesis and metastasis, mainly through a non-canonical Wnt5b pathway. Col6a1 is implicated in Fzd7-Wnt5b signaling, and mediates Fzd7-Wnt5b -induced mesenchymal-like stemness. Video Abstract.
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Project description:Canonical Wnt signalling regulates the self-renewal of most if not all stem cell systems. In the blood system, the role of Wnt signalling has been subject of much debate, with positive and negative roles of Wnt signalling proposed for hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). As we have shown previously, this controversy can be largely explained by the effects of different dosages of Wnt signalling. What remained unclear however, was why high Wnt signals would lead to loss of reconstituting capacity. To better understand this phenomenon, we have taken advantage of a series of hypomorphic mutant Apc alleles resulting in a broad range of Wnt dosages in HSCs, purified those HSCs and performed whole genome gene expression analyses. Gene expression profiling and functional studies show that HSCs with APC mutations lead to high Wnt levels , enhanced differentiation and diminished proliferation, but have no effect on apoptosis, collectively leading to loss of stemness. Thus, we provide mechanistic insight into the role of APC mutations and Wnt signalling in HSC biology. As Wnt signals are explored in various in vivo and ex vivo expansion protocols for HSCs, our findings also have clinical ramifications. To investigate the effects of Wnt signals in hematopoietic cells, mice carrying floxed Apc or hypomorphic Apc mutants were crossed, LSK cells were isolated and treated with Cre IRES GFP gamma-retrovirus ex vivo, GFP+ cells were sorted and RNA expression was determined.
2016-03-23 | E-GEOD-79495 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:G-protein-coupled receptor P2Y10 facilitates chemokine-induced CD4 T cell migration through an autocrine feedback loop involving ATP and lysophosphatidylserine
| PRJNA681191 | ENA