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Deficiency of mitoribosomal S10 protein affects translation and splicing in Arabidopsis mitochondria

ABSTRACT: Deficiency of mitoribosomal S10 protein affects translation and splicing in Arabidopsis mitochondria

PROVIDER: PRJNA548091 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR9257373.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR9257374.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR9257375.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR9257376.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR9257377.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Deficiency of mitoribosomal S10 protein affects translation and splicing in Arabidopsis mitochondria

Project description:The ribosome is not only a protein-making machine, but also a regulatory element in protein synthesis. This view is supported by our earlier data showing that Arabidopsis mitoribosomes altered due to the silencing of the nuclear RPS10 gene encoding mitochondrial ribosomal protein S10 differentially translate mitochondrial transcripts compared with the wild-type. Here, we used ribosome profiling to determine the contribution of transcriptional and translational control in the regulation of protein synthesis in rps10 mitochondria compared with the wild-type ones. Oxidative phosphorylation system proteins are preferentially synthesized in wild-type mitochondria but this feature is lost in the mutant. The rps10 mitoribosomes show slightly reduced translation efficiency of most respiration-related proteins and at the same time markedly more efficiently synthesize ribosomal proteins and MatR and TatC proteins. The mitoribosomes deficient in S10 protein protect shorter transcript fragments which exhibit a weaker 3-nucleotide periodicity compared with the wild-type. The decrease in the triplet periodicity is particularly drastic for genes containing introns. Notably, splicing is considerably less effective in the mutant, indicating an unexpected link between the deficiency of S10 and mitochondrial splicing. Thus, a shortage of the mitoribosomal S10 protein has wide-ranging consequences on mitochondrial gene expression.

2019-10-29 | GSE132441 | GEO

Deficiency of mitoribosomal S10 protein affects translation and splicing in Arabidopsis mitochondria.

Project description:The ribosome is not only a protein-making machine, but also a regulatory element in protein synthesis. This view is supported by our earlier data showing that Arabidopsis mitoribosomes altered due to the silencing of the nuclear RPS10 gene encoding mitochondrial ribosomal protein S10 differentially translate mitochondrial transcripts compared with the wild-type. Here, we used ribosome profiling to determine the contribution of transcriptional and translational control in the regulation of protein synthesis in rps10 mitochondria compared with the wild-type ones. Oxidative phosphorylation system proteins are preferentially synthesized in wild-type mitochondria but this feature is lost in the mutant. The rps10 mitoribosomes show slightly reduced translation efficiency of most respiration-related proteins and at the same time markedly more efficiently synthesize ribosomal proteins and MatR and TatC proteins. The mitoribosomes deficient in S10 protein protect shorter transcript fragments which exhibit a weaker 3-nt periodicity compared with the wild-type. The decrease in the triplet periodicity is particularly drastic for genes containing introns. Notably, splicing is considerably less effective in the mutant, indicating an unexpected link between the deficiency of S10 and mitochondrial splicing. Thus, a shortage of the mitoribosomal S10 protein has wide-ranging consequences on mitochondrial gene expression.

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Caloric restriction affects small RNA expression in mouse hepatic mitochondria

Project description:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial post-transcriptional regulators that extensively affect protein synthesis. Emerging evidence suggests the presence of miRNAs in mitochondria and important regulatory roles of miRNAs in mitochondrial translation. To investigate whether miRNAs are involved in the CR-induced mitochondrial translational changes, we used small RNA sequencing to profile miRNA expression in whole liver tissue as well as in liver mitochondria. The sequencing results revealed that the number of miRNAs identified in mitochondria was comparable to that found in the whole tissue.

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Integrated stress response couples mitochondria protein translation with oxidative stress control

Project description:Under stress conditions, cells elicit integrated stress response (ISR) to cope with intracellular and extracellular disturbances. However, its role in ischemic heart disease remains to be elucidated. Here, we show that oxygen deprivation in cardiomyocytes triggers significant changes in protein translation. Importantly, ischemia and ischemia/reoxygenation leads to suppression of protein synthesis, which is caused by activation of the PERK/eIF2α axis of ISR. At the functional level, cardiac specific elimination of PERK exacerbates cardiac response to ischemia/reperfusion whereas selective activation of PERK in the heart confers cardioprotection against reperfusion injury. Mechanistically, PERK-mediated improvement in cardiomyocyte survival depends on suppression of protein synthesis and consequently relieves energetic demand on mitochondria. We went further to show that mitochondrial complex components are targeted by protein translation suppression, which significantly diminishes mitochondria-associated production of reactive oxygen species. Indeed, pharmacological activation of ISR protects the heart from ischemia/reperfusion damage, even after the release of occluded coronary artery, highlighting clinical significance for myocardial infarction. Taken together, these findings suggest that ISR improves cell survival through selectively suppressing mitochondrial protein synthesis and reducing oxidative stress in ischemic heart disease.

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