Project description:Background: The Malnad Gidda are unique dwarf Bos indicus cattle native to heavy rainfall Malnad and coastal areas of Karnataka in India. These cattle are highly adapted to harsh climatic conditions and are more resistant to Foot and Mouth disease as compared to other breeds of B.indicus. Since the first genome reference became available from B.taurus Hereford breed, only a few other breeds have been genotyped using high-throughput platforms. Also despite the known reports on high diversity within indicine breeds as compared to taurine breeds, only one draft genome of Nellore and horn transcriptome of Kankrej breed were sequenced at base level resolution. Because of the special characteristics Malnad Gidda possess, it becomes the choice of breed among many indicine cows to study at molecular level and genotyping. Results: Sequencing mRNA from the PBMCs isolated from blood of one selected Malnad Gidda bull resulted in generation of 55 million paired-end reads of 100bp length. Raw sequencing data is processed to trim the adaptor and low quality bases, and are aligned against the whole genome and transcript assemblies of Bos taurus UMD 3.1 and Bos indicus (Nellore breed) respectively. About 72% of the sequenced reads from our study could be mapped against the B.taurus genome where as only 41% of reads could be mapped against the Bos indicus transcript assembly. Transcript assembly from the alignment carried out against the annotated B.taurus UMD 3.1 genome resulted in identification of ~10,000 genes with significant expression (FPKM>1). In a similar analysis against the B.indicus Kankrej assembled transcripts we could identify only ~6,000 transcripts. From the variant analysis of the sequencing data we found ~10,000 SNPs in coding regions among which ~9,000 are novel and ~6,400 are amino acid changing. Conclusions: For the first time we have genotyped and explored the transcriptome of B.indicus Malnad Gidda breed. A comparative analysis of mapping the RNA-Seq data against the available reference genome and transcript sequences is demonstrated. An enhanced utility of transcript sequencing could be achieved by improving or completing the sequence assembly of any B.indicus breed to better characterize the indicine breeds for productivity features and selective breeding.
Project description:This experiment was undertaken to document changes in gene expression in the skin of tick-resistant Brahman (Bos indicus) and tick-susceptible Holstein-Friesian (Bos taurus) cattle prior to, and following, infestation with the cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus Experiment Overall Design: RNA was extracted from skin samples of tick-naïve cattle (animals with no previous R.microplus exposure) and tick-infested cattle after a period of successive, heavy infestations with R. microplus. Skin samples taken from tick-infested animals were taken at sites where tick larvae (approximately 24 h old) were attached to the skin sample. Skin samples were of 8 mm diameter and full skin thickness (approximately 10 mm). RNA samples from 12 animals (3 tick-naive Holstein-Friesian, 3 tick-naive Brahman, 3 tick-infested Holstein-Friesian and 3 tick-infested Brahman) were processed and hybridised to individual slides.
Project description:This experiment was undertaken to document changes in gene expression in the skin of tick-resistant Brahman (Bos indicus) and tick-susceptible Holstein-Friesian (Bos taurus) cattle prior to, and following, infestation with the cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus Keywords: Disease state analysis
Project description:Beef tenderness is a complex trait of economic importance for the beef industry. Understanding the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms underlying this trait may help improve the accuracy of breeding programs and deliver a better product quality to consumers. However, little is known about epigenetic effects in the muscle of Bos taurus and their implications in tenderness, and no studies have been conducted in Bos indicus. Therefore, we analyzed Reduced Representation Bisulfite Sequencing (RRBS) to search for differences in the methylation profile of Bos indicus skeletal muscle with extreme values for beef tenderness (tender = 6 animals, tough = 6 animals).