Gene expression profiles of mouse embryonic neural stem/progenitor cells during astrocyte differentiation
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PROVIDER: PRJNA554323 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:To identify genes that affect astrocyte differentiation from human embryonic stem cells, we have employed whole genome microarray expression profiling. We efficiently derived astrocytes through neural progenitor cells from human embryonic stem cells using our developed differentiation method. The cells on day 21 and 28 of astrocyte differentiation were compared with neural progenitor cells.
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Project description:We performed a microarray experiment to compare gene expression profiles of neural stem/progenitor cells (NS/PCs) with different culture conditions.
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Project description:Astrocytes are one of the most abundant cell types in the mammalian central nervous system. Their diversity was widely investigated in the adult brain recently. However, the heterogeneity of astrocyte progenitors in their early developmental stage is still not clear. In this study, we dissected the subpopulations of neural progenitor cells at the neurogenesis and the early gliogenesis stages by single-cell RNA sequencing analysis. Interestingly, we identified two astrocyte progenitor subgroups from the cerebral cortex. The astrocyte subgroups highly express Sparc or Sparcl1, which were reported have contrary functions in astrocytes to regulate synapse formation. Further analysis for subpopulations of neural progenitors from the ventral forebrain also identified two astrocyte progenitor subgroups, showing similar gene expression patterns as in the cortex. Surprisingly, clustering analysis between the subpopulations from the dorsal and the ventral forebrains showed that the astrocyte progenitors expressing Sparc or Sparcl1 were clustered together, irrespective of their derived regions. These results showed an early divergence of astrocyte progenitors and their cross-regional conservation at the start of gliogenesis during brain development.
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Project description:In this study we isolated and cultured neural progenitor cells (NPCs) from human fetal brain collected during the gliogenic phase (second trimester) of aborted fetuses, we differentiated NPCs into astrocyte using different protocols (FBS or CNTF/BMP4) and utilized RNA sequencing to analyze transcriptomic changes underlying the differentiation process
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Project description:Single-cell RNA-seq reveals neural progenitor subpopulations and divergent astrocyte lineages
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Project description:Mocetinostat (MGCD) which is a kind of histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) promotes human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) differentiation towards neural progenitor cells (NPCs). Application of HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) increased the expression of neuroectodermal markers once neural differentiation was initiated, thereby leading to more NPC generation. We used microarrays to detail the global gene expression during NPC differentiaton upon MGCD treatment and identified the transcript changes effected by MGCD during this process.
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Project description:Mocetinostat (MGCD) which is a kind of histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) promotes human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) differentiation towards neural progenitor cells (NPCs). Application of HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) increased the expression of neuroectodermal markers once neural differentiation was initiated, thereby leading to more NPC generation. We used microarrays to detail the global gene expression during NPC differentiaton upon MGCD treatment and identified the transcript changes effected by MGCD during this process. Undifferentiated H9 hESCs (D0), as well as H9 cells with or without MGCD treatment on day 3 (D3C and D3M) and on day 7(D7C and D7M) of NPC generation were collected for RNA extraction and hybridization on Affymetrix microarrays.
2014-09-03 | E-GEOD-61050 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Chromosomes and genes are non-randomly arranged within the mammalian cell nucleus. Clustering of genes is of great significance in transcriptional regulation. However, the relevance of gene clustering in their expression during differentiation of neural precursor cells (NPCs) into astrocytes remains unclear. We performed a genome-wide enhanced circular chromosomal conformation capture (e4C) to screen genes associated with an astrocyte-specific gene, glial fibrillary acidic protein (Gfap), during astrocyte differentiation. We identified 13 genes that were specifically associated with Gfap and expressed in NPC-derived astrocytes. These results provide evidence for functional significance of gene clustering in transcriptional regulation during NPCs differentiation. comparison of NPCs vs LIF+ vs LIF- cells.
2015-02-20 | E-GEOD-66097 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:During development of the mammalian central nervous system (CNS), neurons and glial cells (astrocytes and oligodendrocytes) are generated from common neural precursor cells (NPCs). However, neurogenesis precedes gliogenesis, which normally commences at later stages of fetal telencephalic development. Astrocyte differentiation of mouse NPCs at embryonic day (E) 14.5 (relatively late gestation) is induced by activation of the transcription factor STAT3, whereas at E11.5 (mid-gestation) NPCs do not differentiate into astrocytes even when stimulated by STAT3-activating cytokines such as leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF). This can be explained in part by the fact that astrocyte-specific gene promoters are highly methylated in NPCs at E11.5, but other mechanisms are also likely to play a role. We therefore sought to identify genes involved in the inhibition of astrocyte differentiation of NPCs at midgestation. We first examined gene expression profiles in E11.5 and E14.5 NPCs, using Affymetrix GeneChip analysis, applying the Percellome method to normalize gene expression level. We then conducted in situ hybridization analysis for selected genes found to be highly expressed in NPCs at midgestation. Among these genes, we found that N-myc and high mobility group AT-hook 2 (Hmga2) were highly expressed in the E11.5 but not the E14.5 ventricular zone of mouse brain, where NPCs reside. Transduction of N-myc and Hmga2 by retroviruses into E14.5 NPCs, which normally differentiate into astrocytes in response to LIF, resulted in suppression of astrocyte differentiation. However, sustained expression of N-myc and Hmga2 in E11.5 NPCs failed to maintain the hypermethylated status of an astrocyte-specific gene promoter. Taken together, our data suggest that astrocyte differentiation of NPCs is regulated not only by DNA methylation but also by genes whose expression is controlled spatio-temporally during brain development. Keywords: Cell type comparison
2008-07-31 | GSE10796 | GEO
Project description:Neuronal differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESC) is a promising tool to assess developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) in an animal-free manner. We analysed the transcriptomic profiles of hESC-derived neural progenitors (NPCs) and neuron-astrocyte co-cultures differentiated for 10 days from these same NPCs to identify the most dominant biological processes during neuronal differentiation. In addition, we exposed the NPCs for 10 days to five known or suspected neurodevelopmental toxicants: acrylamide, chlorpyrifos, fluoxetine, methyl mercury or valproic acid at non-cytotoxic (IC20/100) and slightly cytotoxic (IC5) levels. Each compound and concentration revealed unique transcriptomic changes that showed some of the known in vivo mechanisms of these compounds. This study provides evidence that this assay, the human neural progenitor test (hNPT) can be pivotal, together with other animal-free methods, to assess chemical-induced DNT in vitro.
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