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Hypocretin-specific CD4+ T cells in narcolepsy patients and controls: in vivo clonal expansion and phenotypes

ABSTRACT: Hypocretin-specific CD4+ T cells in narcolepsy patients and controls: in vivo clonal expansion and phenotypes

PROVIDER: PRJNA560284 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR9970052_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR9970052_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR9970053_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR9970053_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR9970054_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Hypocretin-specific CD4+ T cells in narcolepsy patients and controls: in vivo clonal expansion and phenotypes

Project description:Individuals with narcolepsy suffer from abnormal sleep patterns due to loss of neurons that uniquely supply hypocretin (HCRT). Previous studies found the associations of narcolepsy with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ6 allele and T-cell receptor α (TRA) J24 gene segment and also suggested that in vitro-stimulated T cells can target HCRT. However, DQ6+ individuals generate DQ6-HCRT tetramer+/TRAJ24+ TCRs. Without a proof that an HCRT-reactive cell expressing such TCRs has expanded in vivo, T cell-mediated autoimmunity in narcolepsy remains speculative. Here, we isolated DQ6-HCRT tetramer+/CD4+ T cells (low frequency, <0.04%) from DQ6+ individuals with/without narcolepsy. Within 74 informative TRAJ24+ TCRαβ from 8/12 patients and 11/12 controls, we identified a conserved family of clonotypes shared by 2 patients and 2 controls using identical α/β genes. TRAJ24-G allele+ clonotypes only expanded in the two patients, whereas a TRAJ24-C allele+ clonotype expanded in a control. A representative tetramer+/G-allele+ TCR showed signaling reactivity to the physiologically modified form of the epitope HCRT87-97. Clonally expanded G-allele+ T cells also exhibited an unconventional effector phenotype. In vivo expansion of HCRT-reactive TRAJ24-G allele+ cells provides critical evidence for an autoimmune contribution to narcolepsy development.

2019-10-15 | GSE135852 | GEO

In vivo clonal expansion and phenotypes of hypocretin-specific CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells in narcolepsy patients and controls.

Project description:Individuals with narcolepsy suffer from abnormal sleep patterns due to loss of neurons that uniquely supply hypocretin (HCRT). Previous studies found associations of narcolepsy with the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ6 allele and T-cell receptor α (TRA) J24 gene segment and also suggested that in vitro-stimulated T cells can target HCRT. Here, we present evidence of in vivo expansion of DQ6-HCRT tetramer+/TRAJ24+/CD4+ T cells in DQ6+ individuals with and without narcolepsy. We identify related TRAJ24+ TCRαβ clonotypes encoded by identical α/β gene regions from two patients and two controls. TRAJ24-G allele+ clonotypes only expand in the two patients, whereas a TRAJ24-C allele+ clonotype expands in a control. A representative tetramer+/G-allele+ TCR shows signaling reactivity to the epitope HCRT87-97. Clonally expanded G-allele+ T cells exhibit an unconventional effector phenotype. Our analysis of in vivo expansion of HCRT-reactive TRAJ24+ cells opens an avenue for further investigation of the autoimmune contribution to narcolepsy development.

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Author Correction: In vivo clonal expansion and phenotypes of hypocretin-specific CD4+ T cells in narcolepsy patients and controls.

Project description:An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

| S-EPMC6949276 | biostudies-literature

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Project description:The clonal expansion of HIV-1-infected CD4+ T cells is a major barrier to cure. Using single-cell ECCITE-seq, we examined the transcriptional landscape, upstream immune regulators, HIV-1 RNA expression, and T cell clonal expansion dynamics of 215,458 CD4+ T cells (267 HIV-1 RNA+ cells and 68 expanded HIV-1 RNA+ T cell clones) from six HIV-1-infected individuals (during viremia and after suppressive antiretroviral therapy) and two uninfected individuals, in unstimulated conditions and after CMV and HIV-1 antigen stimulation. We found that despite antiretroviral therapy, antigen and TNF responses persisted and shaped T cell clonal expansion. HIV-1 resided in Th1 polarized, antigen-responding T cells expressing Bcl-2 family anti-apoptotic genes. HIV-1 RNA+ T cell clones were larger in clone size, established during viremia, persistent after viral suppression, and enriched in GZMB+ cytotoxic effector memory Th1 cells. Targeting HIV-1-infected cytotoxic CD4+ T cells and drivers of clonal expansion provides a new direction for HIV-1 eradication.

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