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Translational initiation in E. coli occurs at the correct sites genome-wide in the absence of mRNA-rRNA base-pairing

ABSTRACT: Translational initiation in E. coli occurs at the correct sites genome-wide in the absence of mRNA-rRNA base-pairing

PROVIDER: PRJNA560549 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR9988130.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR9988140.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR9988150.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR9988160.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR9988131.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Translational initiation in E. coli occurs at the correct sites genome-wide in the absence of mRNA-rRNA base-pairing

Project description:Shine-Dalgarno (SD) motifs are thought to play an important role in translational initiation in bacteria. Paradoxically, ribosome profiling studies in E. coli show no correlation between the strength of the SD in an mRNA and how efficiently it is translated. Performing profiling on ribosomes with altered anti-Shine-Dalgarno sequences, we reveal a genome-wide correlation between SD strength and ribosome occupancy that was previously masked by other contributing factors. Using the antibiotic retapamulin to trap initiation complexes at start codons, we find that the mutant ribosomes select start sites correctly, arguing that start sites are hard-wired for initiation through the action of other mRNA features. We show that A-rich sequences upstream of start codons promote initiation. Taken together, our genome-wide study reveals that SD motifs are not necessary for the ribosome to select where initiation occurs, though they do affect how efficiently initiation occurs at sites whose other features support initiation.

2020-02-21 | GSE135906 | GEO

Translational initiation in E. coli occurs at the correct sites genome-wide in the absence of mRNA-rRNA base-pairing.

Project description:Shine-Dalgarno (SD) motifs are thought to play an important role in translational initiation in bacteria. Paradoxically, ribosome profiling studies in E. coli show no correlation between the strength of an mRNA's SD motif and how efficiently it is translated. Performing profiling on ribosomes with altered anti-Shine-Dalgarno sequences, we reveal a genome-wide correlation between SD strength and ribosome occupancy that was previously masked by other contributing factors. Using the antibiotic retapamulin to trap initiation complexes at start codons, we find that the mutant ribosomes select start sites correctly, arguing that start sites are hard-wired for initiation through the action of other mRNA features. We show that A-rich sequences upstream of start codons promote initiation. Taken together, our genome-wide study reveals that SD motifs are not necessary for ribosomes to determine where initiation occurs, though they do affect how efficiently initiation occurs.

| S-EPMC7043885 | biostudies-literature

Centromere Pairing Enables Correct Segregation of Meiotic Chromosomes

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MicroRNA 3'-compensatory pairing occurs through two binding modes, with affinity shaped by nucleotide identity and position [2]

Project description:MicroRNAs (miRNAs), in association with Argonaute (AGO) proteins, direct repression by pairing to sites within mRNAs. Compared to pairing preferences of the miRNA seed region (nucleotides 2–8), preferences of the miRNA 3′ region are poorly understood, due to the sparsity of measured affinities for the many pairing possibilities. We used RNA bind-n-seq with purified AGO2–miRNA complexes to measure relative affinities of >1,000 3′-pairing architectures for each miRNA. In some cases, optimal 3′ pairing increased affinity by >500-fold. Some miRNAs had two high-affinity 3′-pairing modes—one of which included additional nucleotides bridging seed and 3′ pairing to enable high-affinity pairing to miRNA nucleotide 11. The affinity of binding and the position of optimal pairing both tracked with the occurrence of G or oligo(G/C) nucleotides within the miRNA. These and other results advance understanding of miRNA targeting, providing insight into how optimal 3′ pairing is determined for each miRNA.

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MicroRNA 3'-compensatory pairing occurs through two binding modes, with affinity shaped by nucleotide identity and position [1]

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MicroRNA 3'-compensatory pairing occurs through two binding modes, with affinity shaped by nucleotide identity and position

Project description:MicroRNA 3'-compensatory pairing occurs through two binding modes, with affinity shaped by nucleotide identity and position

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MicroRNA 3'-compensatory pairing occurs through two binding modes, with affinity shaped by nucleotide identity and position [2]

Project description:MicroRNA 3'-compensatory pairing occurs through two binding modes, with affinity shaped by nucleotide identity and position [2]

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MicroRNA 3'-compensatory pairing occurs through two binding modes, with affinity shaped by nucleotide identity and position [1]

Project description:MicroRNA 3'-compensatory pairing occurs through two binding modes, with affinity shaped by nucleotide identity and position [1]

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PAR-TERRA RNA directs homologous sex chromosome pairing

Project description:In mammals, homologous chromosomes rarely pair outside meiosis. One exception is the X chromosome, which transiently pairs during X-chromosome inactivation (XCI). How two chromosomes find each other in 3D space is not known. Here, we reveal a required interaction between the X-inactivation center (Xic) and the telomere in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. The subtelomeric, pseudoautosomal regions (PARs) of the two sex chromosomes (X and Y) also undergo pairing in both female and male cells. PARs transcribe a class of telomeric RNA, dubbed PAR-TERRA, which accounts for a vast majority of all TERRA transcripts. PAR-TERRA binds throughout the genome, including to the PAR and Xic. During X-chromosome pairing, PAR-TERRA anchors the Xic to the PAR, creating a ‘tetrad’ of pairwise homologous interactions (Xic–Xic, PAR–PAR, and Xic–PAR). Xic pairing occurs within the tetrad. Depleting PAR-TERRA abrogates pairing and blocks initiation of XCI, whereas autosomal PAR-TERRA induces ectopic pairing. We propose a ‘constrained diffusion model’ in which PAR-TERRA creates an interaction hub to guide Xic homology searching during XCI.

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sRNA-mRNA pairing in absence of the RNA chaperone Hfq

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