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Effects of proto-Y chromososomes and temperature on house fly gene expression

ABSTRACT: Effects of proto-Y chromososomes and temperature on house fly gene expression

PROVIDER: PRJNA561541 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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Effects of proto-Y chromososomes and temperature on house fly gene expression

Project description:Purpose: House fly has a stable polygenic sex determination system. The male determining factor (Mdmd) is commonly found on the Y chromosome (Y^M) or the third chromosome (III^M). These proto-Y chromosomes are clinally distributed, with Y^M found most commonly in northern latitudes and III^M most commonly found at southern latitudes, hinting at possible genotype-by-temperature interactions that maintain the polymorphism. If this distribution is maintained by temperature-dependent selection pressures, we expect the fitness of III^M and Y^M flies to vary across developmental temperatures. These temperature-dependent effects could be driven by differential gene expression in III^M and Y^M males at different temperatures. Here, we performed RNA-seq experiments to study how genotype-by-temperature interactions affect gene expression in male houseflies carrying different proto-Y chromosomes. Methods: We raised a Y^M strain known as IsoCS and a III^M strain known as CSrab at 18°C and 29°C for two generations. We dissected 5 heads and 15-20 pairs of testes for each of three replicates of each genotype-by-temperature combination. We carried out RNA-seq on these tissues. Results: We identified 247 genes whose expression in testis and 50 genes whose expression in head depends on genotype-by-temperature interactions.

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Project description:We performed RNA-seq experiments to examine the effects of house fly proto-Y chromosomes on gene expression. Two different Y^M chromosomes were investigated, and two different III^M chromosomes were investigated. One of the Y^M genotypes also was also heterozygous for third chromosomes that do not carry a male-determining locus to evaluate the effect of third chromosomes on gene expression independent of being a proto-Y.

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Effects of naturally ocurring proto-Y chromosomes on house fly gene expression

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Project description:We injected double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) into house fly embryos to knock down transformer (Md-tra), creating sex-reversed males that do not carry a Y chromosome. We also injected dsRNA trageting GFP as a sham treatment. We used RNA-seq to compare gene expression in the sex-reversed males with genotypic (normal) females (injected with dsRNA targeting GFP) and two types of genotypic (normal) males (injected with dsRNA targeting Md-tra or GFP). The expression profiles of sex-reversed males were similar to normal males. In contrast, about two thousand genes are differentially expressed between sex-reversed males and normal females, a similar magnitude as between normal males and females.

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