Project description:Rice plants cultivated on mountain areas are frequently exposed to acid fog and natural fog events. In this report, we analyzed the expression profiles of the rice plant with acid fog (SiAF) or neutral fog (SiNF) treatment for 1 and 7 days. Microarray results suggested that ROS generation was induced by not only SiAF, but also SiNF treatment, and it occurred in apoplast, not in organelles. Genes for defense- and stress-responses was also induced by both SiAF and SiNF treatments. The induction occurred in plants treated with SiAF for both 1 day and 7 days, and it was also detected in plants treated with SiAF for 7 days. These results suggest that both SiAF and SiNF treatments are abiotic stresses accompanying ROS generation in apoplast.
Project description:Rice plants cultivated on mountain areas are frequently exposed to acid fog and natural fog events. In this report, we analyzed the expression profiles of the rice plant with acid fog (SiAF) or neutral fog (SiNF) treatment for 1 and 7 days. Microarray results suggested that ROS generation was induced by not only SiAF, but also SiNF treatment, and it occurred in apoplast, not in organelles. Genes for defense- and stress-responses was also induced by both SiAF and SiNF treatments. The induction occurred in plants treated with SiAF for both 1 day and 7 days, and it was also detected in plants treated with SiAF for 7 days. These results suggest that both SiAF and SiNF treatments are abiotic stresses accompanying ROS generation in apoplast. Comparison between continuous fog treated shoots and control shoots. Biological replicates: 3 simulated acid fog (pH 3.0) treated (SiAF) for 1 day; 3 simulated acid fog (pH 3.0) treated (SiAF) for 7 days; 3 simulated neutral fog (SiNF) treated for 1 day; 3 simulated neutral fog (SiNF) treated for 7 days; 3 controls for 1 day; 3 controls for 7 days. Independently grown and harvested. Cultivar: Hinohikari 1 sample derived from 5 plants grown under the same conditons. Total: 18 samples, 12 comparisons.
Project description:FOG-1/CPEB and FOG-3/Tob are the terminal regulators of the sex determination in C. elegans germ cells. CPEB and Tob proteins are both translational regulators. To investigate how FOG-1 and FOG-3 regulate germ cell sex determination we sought to identify the target mRNAs. We used transgenic epitope tagged animals (3xMyc::FOG-1 and FOG-3::3xFLAG). To identify the mRNA targets of FOG-1/CPEB and FOG-3/Tob on a genome wide scale we used RNA immunoprecipitation followed by microarray analysis. We found 81 putative mRNA targets of FOG-1 and 722 putative targets of FOG-3. 76 target mRNAs were common to both FOG-1 and FOG-3.
Project description:Vascular disruption has been implicated in COVID-19 pathogenesis, and may predispose to the neurological sequelae associated with the condition (known as Long COVID), yet it remains unclear how blood-brain barrier (BBB) function is affected in these conditions. Here, we show that BBB disruption is evident during acute infection and in Long COVID patients with cognitive impairment, commonly referred to as brain fog. Using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI), we show BBB disruption correlated with brain volume changes. Transcriptomic analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) revealed dysregulation of the coagulation system and a dampened adaptive immune response in individuals with brain fog. Accordingly, PBMCs showed increased adhesion to human brain endothelial cells in vitro, while exposure of endothelial cells to serum from Long COVID patients induced expression of inflammatory markers. Together, our data suggest that sustained systemic inflammation and persistent localised BBB dysfunction is a key feature of Long COVID-associated brain fog.
