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Genome-wide variation and transcriptional changes in diverse developmental processes underly the rapid evolution of seasonality

ABSTRACT: Genome-wide variation and transcriptional changes in diverse developmental processes underly the rapid evolution of seasonality

PROVIDER: PRJNA589874 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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Genome-wide variation and transcriptional changes in diverse developmental processes underly the rapid evolution of seasonality

Project description:Here, we present the results of an integrative study that leverages naturally segregating variation and a recent, adaptive divergence event affecting seasonal timing to identify developmental mechanisms underlying diapause progression in a tephritid fly, Rhagoletis pomonella. Also called the apple maggot fly, R. pomonella is native to North America, where it infests fruits of native Crataegus (hawthorn) species throughout its range. Derived populations of the fly infest apples (Malus domesticus), and thus have evolved in the last ~250 years since apples were introduced. Many molecular studies in conjunction with mark-recapture experiments document that the populations, or host races, remain genetically distinct despite ongoing gene flow, making R. pomonella a textbook example of incipient speciation with gene flow and host associated divergence. Strong natural selection on two primary traits, host finding behavior and seasonal timing, maintain genetic divergence. Both populations (hereafter apple and haw flies) have one generation per year, with a functionally obligate pupal diapause, overwintering in the soil. Adults must emerge coincident with host fruit availability, typically a period of only a few weeks, in order to successfully oviposit into fruits. Apple flies have evolved an earlier (~3 week) emergence timing to synchronize with apples, which fruit about 3 weeks earlier than hawthorn at a typical, sympatric site in the Midwest (e.g., Michigan or Illinois, USA). We combined RNA sequencing (RNAseq), phenotyping of emergence timing and brain morphology, and whole genome pooled resequencing (Poolseq) to infer mechanisms underlying segregating variation for diapause phenology in each Rhagoletic pomonella host race, and the evolved difference in phenology between host races.

2020-08-19 | GSE140473 | GEO

Project description:Genome-wide variation and transcriptional changes in diverse developmental processes underly the rapid evolution of seasonality

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Genome-wide variation and transcriptional changes in diverse developmental processes underlie the rapid evolution of seasonal adaptation.

Project description:Many organisms enter a dormant state in their life cycle to deal with predictable changes in environments over the course of a year. The timing of dormancy is therefore a key seasonal adaptation, and it evolves rapidly with changing environments. We tested the hypothesis that differences in the timing of seasonal activity are driven by differences in the rate of development during diapause in Rhagoletis pomonella, a fly specialized to feed on fruits of seasonally limited host plants. Transcriptomes from the central nervous system across a time series during diapause show consistent and progressive changes in transcripts participating in diverse developmental processes, despite a lack of gross morphological change. Moreover, population genomic analyses suggested that many genes of small effect enriched in developmental functional categories underlie variation in dormancy timing and overlap with gene sets associated with development rate in Drosophila melanogaster Our transcriptional data also suggested that a recent evolutionary shift from a seasonally late to a seasonally early host plant drove more rapid development during diapause in the early fly population. Moreover, genetic variants that diverged during the evolutionary shift were also enriched in putative cis regulatory regions of genes differentially expressed during diapause development. Overall, our data suggest polygenic variation in the rate of developmental progression during diapause contributes to the evolution of seasonality in R. pomonella We further discuss patterns that suggest hourglass-like developmental divergence early and late in diapause development and an important role for hub genes in the evolution of transcriptional divergence.

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Evolutionary recruitment of flexible Esrp-dependent splicing programs into diverse embryonic morphogenetic processes

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C2H2-zinc finger transcription factors bind RNA and function in diverse post-transcriptional regulatory processes.

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Evolution of Natural Lifespan Variation and Molecular Strategies of Extended Lifespan

Project description:Here, we analyzed 76 ecologically diverse wild yeast isolates and discovered a wide diversity of replicative lifespan. Phylogenetic analyses pointed to genes and environmental factors that strongly interact to modulate the observed aging patterns. We then identified genetic networks causally associated with natural variation in replicative lifespan across wild yeast isolates, as well as genes, metabolites and pathways, many of which have never been associated with yeast lifespan in laboratory settings. In addition, a combined analysis of lifespan-associated metabolic and transcriptomic changes revealed unique adaptations to interconnected amino acid biosynthesis, glutamate metabolism and mitochondrial function in long-lived strains. Overall, our multi-omic and lifespan analyses across diverse isolates of the same species shows how gene-environment interactions shape cellular processes involved in phenotypic variation such as lifespan.

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Rapid Screening of Diverse Biotransformations for Enzyme Evolution.

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Substrate trapping approach identifies TRIM25 ubiquitination targets involved in diverse cellular and antiviral processes

Project description:The tripartite motif (TRIM) family of E3 ubiquitin ligases is well known for its roles in antiviral restriction and innate immunity regulation, in addition to many other cellular pathways. In particular, TRIM25-mediated ubiquitination affects both carcinogenesis and antiviral response. While individual substrates have been identified for TRIM25, it remains unclear how it regulates diverse processes. Here we characterized a mutation, R54P, critical for TRIM25 catalytic activity, which we successfully utilized to “trap” substrates. We demonstrated that TRIM25 targets proteins implicated in stress granule formation (G3BP1/2), nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (UPF1), and nucleoside synthesis (NME1). R54P abolishes TRIM25 inhibition of alphaviruses independently of the host interferon response, suggesting that this antiviral effect is a direct consequence of ubiquitination. Consistent with that, we observed diminished antiviral activity upon knockdown of several TRIM25-R54P specific interactors including NME1. Our findings highlight that multiple substrates mediate the cellular and antiviral activities of TRIM25, illustrating the multi-faceted role of this ubiquitination network in diverse biological processes.

2022-08-02 | PXD034024 | Pride

C2H2-zinc finger transcription factors bind RNA and function in diverse post-transcriptional regulatory processes [RNA-seq]

Project description:C2H2-zinc finger transcription factors bind RNA and function in diverse post-transcriptional regulatory processes [RNA-seq]

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C2H2-zinc finger transcription factors bind RNA and function in diverse post-transcriptional regulatory processes [iCLIP-seq]

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