Project description:Analysis of RNA-seq of cerebellum and cerebrum in Yak, Yakow and Cattle.The result reveal the relationship between modules and Plateau Adaptation trait
Project description:MAF from pika Epas1-3FLAG knock-in mice were extracted and immortalized. After 12h DMOG treatment, cells were conducted for the ChIP-seq (Bmal1,Flag). We found that in knock-in mice fibroblasts, EPAS1-3FLAG can bind to similar E-box locus compared with BMAL1. Fibroblasts from mouse, rat, rabbit and Tibetan pika were extracted (and Tibetan pika fibroblasts were immortalized). RNA was extracted at 90% confluency. We found that Per2 mRNA level was significantly lower in Tibetan pika fibroblasts compared with other species.
Project description:This study explores how yaks, an ideal animal model for studying plateau adaptability, adapt to high-altitude environments. The lung is a representative organ of the yak’s adaptation to high-altitude environments. The F1 hybrids of yak and cattle, known as dzho, also exhibit adaptability to plateau conditions. This study constructed a single-cell transcriptome atlas of the lungs in yak, dzho and cattle, containing 51 subtypes. We initially found that the differential subtypes among yak, dzho and cattle were mainly concentrated in T&NK cells and fibroblasts. Most of them belonged to new cell subtypes. Subsequently, we speculated that NKG7 and CD4 played a central regulatory role in T&NK cells, contributing to T cell activation and affecting the adaptive immune response of yaks. In fibroblasts, MYL9 and IGF2 are believed to play key regulatory roles, participating in maintaining cellular energy metabolism balance. These results provide an important scientific basis for systematically analysing the molecular regulatory mechanisms of yak adaptation to high-altitude hypoxia.
Project description:Deep sequencing of mRNA from 6 organs of yak (Bos grunniens) Analysis of ploy(A)+ RNA of brain,heart,liver,lung,spleen, and stomach of yak (Bos grunniens)
Project description:Purpose:Yak long-term colonization and widespread distribution across the plateau can be serve as an ideal natural animal model to provide insights into the adaptive evolution of other plateau species, including humans. Methods:To exploring the molecular mechanisms of lung tissue in yak to response to hypoxia, the mRNA, lncRNA and miRNA of lung tissue from cattle and three different altitude yaks were sequenced. Results:A total of 21764 mRNAs, 14168 lncRNAs and 1209miRNAs (305 known and 904 novel miRNAs)were identifed.Compared yak with cattle, 4975 mRNAs, 3326 lncRNAs and 75 miRNAs were differentially expressed. 756 mRNAs, 346 lncRNAs and 83 miRNAs were found to be differentially expressed amongthree different altitude yaks(fold change≥2 and P-value<0.05). Conclusions:The differentially expressed genes were functionally enriched in long-chain fatty acid metabolic process and protein processing between yak and cattle, while the immune response and cell cycle were enriched among three different altitude yaks. Furthermore, the competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) networks were identified to illustrate their roles.
Project description:Purpose:Yak long-term colonization and widespread distribution across the plateau can be serve as an ideal natural animal model to provide insights into the adaptive evolution of other plateau species, including humans. Methods:To exploring the molecular mechanisms of lung tissue in yak to response to hypoxia, the mRNA, lncRNA and miRNA of lung tissue from cattle and three different altitude yaks were sequenced. Results:A total of 21764 mRNAs, 14168 lncRNAs and 1209miRNAs (305 known and 904 novel miRNAs)were identifed.Compared yak with cattle, 4975 mRNAs, 3326 lncRNAs and 75 miRNAs were differentially expressed. 756 mRNAs, 346 lncRNAs and 83 miRNAs were found to be differentially expressed amongthree different altitude yaks(fold change≥2 and P-value<0.05). Conclusions:The differentially expressed genes were functionally enriched in long-chain fatty acid metabolic process and protein processing between yak and cattle, while the immune response and cell cycle were enriched among three different altitude yaks. Furthermore, the competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) networks were identified to illustrate their roles.
Project description:Yaks are a rare and unique animal species inhabiting the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, known for their remarkable resilience. Milk-derived exosomes, tiny vesicles containing various biological molecules, play crucial roles in numerous pathological and physiological processes, including cell growth, development, and immune regulation. This study conducted small RNA sequencing to characterize the miRNA expression profiles of yak milk-derived exosomes from high and low altitudes, aiming to identify differentially expressed miRNAs. Our findings revealed that these differentially expressed miRNAs are involved in mammary gland inflammation, virus infection regulation, and heat stress response. Through GO and KEGG enrichment analyses, we discovered that the target genes of these differentially expressed miRNAs are enriched in signaling pathways related to Th17 cell differentiation and the Ras-MAPK signaling pathway. In conclusion, this research sheds light on the differential expression of miRNAs in yak milk-derived exosomes under varying environmental conditions. This new knowledge provides a theoretical foundation for further exploring yak resilience and the potential role of milk-derived exosomes in disease and immune modulation.