Abscission couples cell division to embryonic stem cell fate
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA594885 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR10668500_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR10668500_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR10668501_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR10668501_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR10668502_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Cell fate transitions are key to development and homeostasis. It is thus essential to understand the cellular mechanisms controlling fate transitions. Cell division has been implicated in fate decisions in many stem cell types, including neuronal and epithelial progenitors. In other stem cells, such as embryonic stem (ES) cells, the role of division remains unclear. Here, we show that exit from naive pluripotency in mouse ES cells generally occurs after a division. We further show that exit timing is strongly correlated between sister cells, which remain connected by cytoplasmic bridges long after division, and that bridge abscission progressively accelerates as cells exit naive pluripotency. Finally, interfering with abscission impairs naive pluripotency exit, and artificially inducing abscission accelerates it. Altogether, our data indicate that a switch in the division machinery leading to faster abscission regulates pluripotency exit. Our study identifies abscission as a key cellular process coupling cell division to fate transitions.
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Project description:This study was designed to investigate how the cell cycle phase impacts the kinetics of exit from pluripotency of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC). mESC maintained in naïve medium conditions (2i) then sorted based on cell cycle phase before replating in self-renewing or differentiating media for 6hours, followed by single-cell RNA sequencing. Clustering of cells based on their expression of naive pluripotency genes indicate that cells that exit early in the cell cycle downregulate pluripotency genes faster than the bulk population. This study provides evidence that cell cycle phase is important in determining the timing of exit from pluripotency.
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2012-02-19 | E-GEOD-27425 | biostudies-arrayexpress
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Project description:Cytokinetic abscission is the last step of cell division during which the daughter cells physically separate through the generation of barriers in the form of new plasma membrane or cell wall. While the contractile ring is a prominent structure during cytokinesis in bacteria, fungi and animal cells, the mechanism is divergent in Apicomplexa. In Toxoplasma gondii, two daughter cells are formed within the intact mother cell by endodyogeny. The acquisition of plasma membrane at the end of the division cycle occurs by an unknown mechanism, when the mother cell disassembles, and the daughter cells emerge. Here we identified and functionally characterized a complex of three essential T. gondii proteins, named Daughter Cell Scaffold proteins 1 and 2 (DCS1, DCS2) as well as PP2A-B2 (also named DCS3) that exhibit a dynamic localization during parasite division. Their individual downregulation prevents the accumulation of plasma membrane at the division plane, resulting in a block of cytokinesis. Remarkably, the absence of cytokinetic abscission does not preclude division cycles and the consecutive progeny is able to successfully egress from the infected cells but fails to glide and invade except for conjoined twin parasites.
2024-06-13 | PXD047907 | Pride
Project description:Organ abscission is a general activity found in plants and its regulation is an important agronomical concern because the trait directly affects the harvesting efficiency of fruits or grains and the yields. Generally, abscission takes place at a specialized cell layer, which is called abscission zones (AZs). So far, investigations on organ abscission have been focused mainly on the cell activities during organ detachment. By contrast, little attention has been paid to the properties of AZ cells at the pre-abscission stage. The pre-abscission cells are at a turning point for initiating abscission; until an abscission initiating signal is provided, the AZ cells keep their physiological state, while once the signal occurs, the cells immediately change their state into the onset of abscission. In this study, to screen the genes involved in the regulation of abscission at the pre-abscission state, we investigated the gene expression profiles of tomato flower pedicels at anthesis. The screening revealed many genes that characterize cell identities in each pedicel region.
2012-07-20 | GSE39519 | GEO
Project description:Cytokinetic abscission is the last step of cell division during which the daughter cells physically separate through the generation of barriers in the form of new plasma membrane or cell wall. While the contractile ring is a prominent structure during cytokinesis in bacteria, fungi and animal cells, the mechanism is divergent in Apicomplexa. In Toxoplasma gondii, two daughter cells are formed within the intact mother cell by endodyogeny. The acquisition of plasma membrane at the end of the division cycle occurs by an unknown mechanism, when the mother cell disassembles, and the daughter cells emerge. Here we identified and functionally characterized the essential subunits of a predicted PP2A complex in T. gondii, named PP2A-2. The three subunits PP2A-A2, -B2 and -C2 exhibit a dynamic localization during parasite division. Their individual downregulation prevents the accumulation of plasma membrane at the division plane, resulting in a block of cytokinesis. Remarkably, the absence of cytokinetic abscission does not preclude division cycles and the consecutive progeny is able to successfully egress from the infected cells but fails to glide andinvade new host cells.
2024-06-13 | PXD051495 | Pride
Project description:In both free-living and pathogenic bacteria, problems in the synthesis and assembly of early flagellar components invariably lead to cell division defects. However, the mechanism that fine-tunes the cell division cycle with the flagellar biogenesis is poorly understood. Herein, we report the role of the conserved regulator MadA in coupling flagellar biogenesis to cell division in Caulobacter crescentus. We demonstrate that MadA is required to induce the flagellar specific type III export component FlhA to release and activate FliX, which in-turn is required to license the conserved σ54-activator, FlbD. In the absence of MadA, FliX is tethered to FlhA, inhibiting FlbD activation and crippling completion of flagellar biogenesis and cell division. Furthermore, we demonstrate that MadA exploits a divisome-stoichiometric to control cell division. We propose that MadA has a sentinel-type function that warrants progression of the flagellar biogenesis, and the cell division cycle, once early flagellar structures are properly assembled.
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Project description:To determine the mechanisms of fleshy fruit abscission of the monocot oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) compared with other abscission systems, we performed multi-scale comparative transcriptome analyses on fruit targeting the developing primary AZ and adjacent tissues. Combining between-tissue developmental comparisons with exogenous ethylene treatments, and naturally occurring abscission in the field, RNAseq analysis revealed a robust core set of 168 genes with differentially regulated expression, spatially associated with the ripe fruit AZ, and temporally restricted to the abscission timing. The expression of a set of candidate genes was validated by qRT-PCR in the fruit AZ of a natural oil palm variant with blocked fruit abscission, which provides evidence for their functions during abscission. Our results substantiate the conservation of gene function between dicot dry fruit dehiscence and monocot fleshy fruit abscission. The study also revealed major metabolic transitions occur in the AZ during abscission, including key senescence marker genes and transcriptional regulators, in addition to genes involved in nutrient recycling and reallocation, alternative routes for energy supply and adaptation to oxidative stress. The study provides the first reference transcriptome of a monocot fleshy fruit abscission zone and provides insight into the mechanisms underlying abscission by identifying key genes with functional roles and processes, including metabolic transitions, cell wall modifications, signalling, stress adaptations and transcriptional regulation, that occur during ripe fruit abscission of the monocot oil palm. The transcriptome data comprises an original reference and resource useful towards understanding the evolutionary basis of this fundamental plant process.
2021-02-08 | GSE166314 | GEO
Project description:Organ abscission is a general activity found in plants and its regulation is an important agronomical concern because the trait directly affects the harvesting efficiency of fruits or grains and the yields. Generally, abscission takes place at a specialized cell layer, which is called abscission zones (AZs). So far, investigations on organ abscission have been focused mainly on the cell activities during organ detachment. By contrast, little attention has been paid to the properties of AZ cells at the pre-abscission stage. The pre-abscission cells are at a turning point for initiating abscission; until an abscission initiating signal is provided, the AZ cells keep their physiological state, while once the signal occurs, the cells immediately change their state into the onset of abscission. In this study, to screen the genes involved in the regulation of abscission at the pre-abscission state, we investigated the gene expression profiles of tomato flower pedicels at anthesis. The screening revealed many genes that characterize cell identities in each pedicel region. We harvested tomato flower pedicels at the anthesis stage and divided them into three parts: the abscission zone (AZ) and the flanking proximal- (Prox) and distal- (Dis) regions. RNA was isolated and subjected to DNA microarray analyses. Experiments were performed three times with independently prepared samples.
2012-07-19 | E-GEOD-39519 | biostudies-arrayexpress