Project description:Using an ex-vivo testicular culture from rats, we carried out transcriptomic experiments to identify the pathway of toxicity ellicited by the fungicides carbendazim, iprodione alone or in combination. we used commercial Agilent Microarray GE 4x44K Rat (V3) Gene Expression Microarray (G2514F) AMADID : 028282
Project description:Using an ex-vivo testicular culture from rats, we carried out transcriptomic experiments to identify the pathway of toxicity ellicited by the fungicides carbendazim, iprodione alone or in combination. we used commercial Agilent Microarray GE 4x44K Rat (V3) Gene Expression Microarray (G2514F) AMADID : 028282 Cultures were performed with and without fungicides. When required, CBZ, IPR or mixture was added beginning from day 2, at 50 nM or 500 nM for CBZ and at 50 nM or 500 nM for IPR; 50 nM each or 500 nM each for the mixture. For microarray experiments, three different pools of seminiferous tubules were exposed to two concentrations of CBZ, IPR or their mixture (50 nM and 500 nM) or to complete medium with vehicle (control cells) for 7, 14, and 21 days. Each condition of exposure to fungicides was compared with control cells at the same time point.
Project description:In the mid-1990s vaccine-related side effects prompted the replacement of the whole Pertussis (wP) by a new acellular Pertussis vaccine (aP). Unexpectedly, whooping cough cases have recently increased, particularly in teenagers. Here we compared individuals born before 1995 and vaccinated in infancy with wP, with individuals born in 1996 or later and vaccinated with aP in infancy. Remarkably, we detected differences in the two populations in response to a contemporary aP booster, despite the fact that the original aP or wP priming occurred more than 18 years previously. The nature of the differences in T cells between aP and wP original priming was further investigated by evaluation of memory subset composition in respect to function, activation and exhaustion expression protein markers and RNA transcriptomic profiles of the PT-specific T cells from aP vs. wP donors. Transcriptomic profile of circulating CD4+ T cells from TCM and TEM memory compartments from donors vaccinated at birth either with whole or acellular Pertussis vaccine. All donors were boosted with the aP vaccine 1-3 months before the PBMCs were collected.
Project description:We investigated the effects of wood kraft pulp (WP) supplementation on ruminal pH, fermentation, and epithelial transcriptomic dynamics in Holstein cattle during the high-grain diet challenge.
Project description:Background: Molecular mechanisms of response to pesticides are scarce and information on such responses from soil invertebrates is almost inexistent. Enchytraeus albidus (Oligochaeta) is a standard soil ecotoxicology model species for which effects of many pesticides are known on survival, reproduction and avoidance behaviour. With the recent microarray development additional information can be retrieved on the molecular effects. Methodology/Principal Findings: Experiments were performed to investigate the transcription responses of E. albidus when exposed to three pesticides M-bM-^@M-^S dimethoate (insecticide), atrazine (herbicide) and carbendazim (fungicide) M-bM-^@M-^S in a range of concentrations that inhibited reproduction by 10%, 20%, 50% and 90% (EC10, EC20, EC50 and EC90, respectively). The goal of this study was to further identify key biological processes affected by each compound and if dose-related. All three pesticides significantly affected biological processes like translation, regulation of the cell cycle or general response to stress. Intracellular signalling and microtubule-based movement were affected by dimethoate and carbendazim whereas atrazine affected lipid and steroid metabolism (also by dimethoate) or carbohydrate metabolism (also by carbendazim). Response to DNA damage/DNA repair was exclusively affected by carbendazim. Conclusions: Changes in gene expression were significantly altered after 2 days of exposure in a dose-related manner. The mechanisms of response were comparable with the ones for mammals, suggesting across species conserved modes of action. The present results indicate the potential of using gene expression in risk assessment and the advantage as early markers. Gene expression in E.albidus was measured at 2 days after exposure to dimethoate, atrazine and carbendazim at 4 concentrations of effect on reprocduction (EC10, EC20, EC50 and EC90). Three biological replicates per treatment were used.
Project description:Pesticides are continuously released into the environment, with possible long-term consequences on aquatic organisms. One of the pesticides still applied in several crops in some countries is the fungicide carbendazim, ending up in surface waters with concentrations reaching 5 µg/L. Daphnia magna (clone k6) was used in this study as a model organism and it was exposed to a sub-lethal concentration of carbendazim (5 µg/L) for twelve generations. Gene expression alterations induced by this compound were assessed in the F0 and F12 generations using D. magna custom microarrays. Results revealed that carbendazim caused changes at the gene expression level in both generations. Genes involved in response to stress, DNA replication/repair, neurotransmission, protein biosynthesis, ATP production, lipids and carbohydrates metabolism were the most affected in both F0 and F12, although a lower number of differentially expressed genes were observed in the F12 generation exposed to carbendazim. The exposure of daphnids to carbendazim did not cause a stable change in gene expression from F0 to F12 generations. Effects at the gene expression level were early detected at the F0 generation after a short-time exposure (10 days), highlighting the advantages of using high throughput tools as early warning analysis but also providing information on chemical mode of action, which can add value in risk assessment procedures.
Project description:Pesticides are continuously released into the environment, with possible long-term consequences on aquatic organisms. One of the pesticides still applied in several crops in some countries is the fungicide carbendazim, ending up in surface waters with concentrations reaching 5 µg/L. Daphnia magna (clone k6) was used in this study as a model organism and it was exposed to a sub-lethal concentration of carbendazim (5 µg/L) for twelve generations. Gene expression alterations induced by this compound were assessed in the F0 and F12 generations using D. magna custom microarrays. Results revealed that carbendazim caused changes at the gene expression level in both generations. Genes involved in response to stress, DNA replication/repair, neurotransmission, protein biosynthesis, ATP production, lipids and carbohydrates metabolism were the most affected in both F0 and F12, although a lower number of differentially expressed genes were observed in the F12 generation exposed to carbendazim. The exposure of daphnids to carbendazim did not cause a stable change in gene expression from F0 to F12 generations. Effects at the gene expression level were early detected at the F0 generation after a short-time exposure (10 days), highlighting the advantages of using high throughput tools as early warning analysis but also providing information on chemical mode of action, which can add value in risk assessment procedures. For the microarray experiment, neonates with less than 24h were picked from the F0 and F12 generations from both clean medium and carbendazim. Three replicates per each treatment were used and consisted of 5 daphnids aging 10 days old. A total of three replicates per treatment were used and each biological replicate was individually hybridized on the array. A single-color design was used, using the Agilent one-color RNA Spike-In Kit (AgilentTechnologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA), following the manufacturers protocol.