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DELTA1/NOTCH2-mediated signaling regulates muscle stem cell self-renewal

ABSTRACT: DELTA1/NOTCH2-mediated signaling regulates muscle stem cell self-renewal

PROVIDER: PRJNA597534 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR10764954_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR10764954_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR10764955_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR10764955_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR10764956_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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DELTA1/NOTCH2-mediated signaling regulates muscle stem cell self-renewal

Project description:How satellite cells and their progenitors balance differentiation and self-renewal to achieve sustainable tissue regeneration is not well understood. A major roadblock to understanding satellite cell fate decisions has been the difficulty to study this process in vivo. By visualizing expression dynamics of myogenic transcription factors during early regeneration in vivo, we identified the time point at which cells undergo decisions to differentiate or self-renew. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed heterogeneity of satellite cells during both muscle homeostasis and regeneration, including a subpopulation enriched in Notch2 receptor expression. Furthermore, we reveal that differentiating cells express the Dll1 ligand. Using antagonistic antibodies we demonstrate that the DLL1 and NOTCH2 signaling pair is required for satellite cell self-renewal. Thus, differentiating cells provide the self-renewing signal during regeneration, enabling proportional regeneration in response to injury while maintaining the satellite cell pool. These findings have implications for therapeutic control of muscle regeneration.

2019-12-25 | GSE142581 | GEO

Metabolism regulates muscle stem cell self renewal by connecting the microenvironment and histone acetylation

Project description:Skeletal muscle contains a resident population of somatic stem cells capable of both self-renewal and differentiation. The signals that regulate this important decision have yet to be fully elucidated. Here we use single cell RNAseq to identify the innate metabolic signature of muscle stem cells. We show that committed muscle progenitor cells exhibit an enrichment of glycolytic and TCA cycle genes and that extracellular monosaccharide availability regulates intracellular citrate levels and global histone acetylation. Muscle stem cells exposed to a reduced (or altered) monosaccharide environment demonstrate reduced global histone acetylation and transcription of myogenic determination factors (including myod1). Importantly, reduced monosaccharide availability was linked directly to increased rates of asymmetric division and muscle stem cell self-renewal. Our results reveal an important role for the extracellular metabolic environment in the decision to undergo self-renewal or myogenic commitment, suggesting local metabolite production may be a therapeutic target to improve muscle regeneration.

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Metabolism regulates muscle stem cell self renewal by connecting the microenvironment and histone acetylation

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Notch2 deficiency prevents muscle atrophy induced by mechanical unloading and diabetes.

Project description:Notch signaling plays essential roles in maintenance of muscle stem cell pool. We found that Notch2, but not Notch1 and Notch3, is expressed in fully differentiated myofibers. To study the specific role of Notch2 in adult myofibers, we generated muscle-specific Notch2-knockout mice. Here, we showed that muscle-specific Notch2 deficiency prevented muscle atrophy induced by hindlimb unloading and diabetes millitus. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that the loss of Notch2 gene in myofibers inhibited gene responses to unloading and diabetes. Especially, several FoxO-target genes and atrogenes were upregulated in wildtype muscles but not in Notch2-deficient muscles by unloading and diabetes. Thus, our characterization of muscle-specific Notch2-knockout mice indicates that Notch2 acts as a regulatory factor of skeletal muscle plasticity and could be a therapeutic target of muscle atrophy.

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P38 signaling underlies a cell-autonomous loss of stem cell self-renewal in aged muscle

Project description:Skeletal muscle aging results in a gradual loss of skeletal muscle mass, skeletal muscle function and decreased regenerative capacity, which can lead to sarcopenia and increased mortality. While the mechanisms underlying sarcopenia remain unclear, the skeletal muscle stem cell, or satellite cell, is required for muscle regeneration. Therefore, identification of signaling pathways affecting satellite cell function during aging may provide insights into therapeutic targets for combating sarcopenia. Here, we show that a cell-autonomous loss in self-renewal occurs via novel alterations in FGF and p38αβ MAPK signaling in old satellite cells. We further demonstrate that pharmacological manipulation of these pathways can ameliorate age-associated self-renewal defects. Thus, our data highlight an age-associated deregulation of a satellite cell homeostatic network and reveals potential therapeutic opportunities for the treatment of progressive muscle wasting. Satellite cells were isolated from young (3-6mo) and aged (20-25mo) adult mice; individual date files represent 2 independent pools of RNA from 4-8 mice at each timepoint.

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P38 signaling underlies a cell-autonomous loss of stem cell self-renewal in aged muscle

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Notch2 Expressed by Myofibers Influences Muscle Mass and Fiber Types

Project description:Notch receptors play crucial roles in the cell-fate decisions of tissue stem cells during development and regeneration. Notch1-3 receptors are expressed by satellite cells and their progeny. Here we found that Notch2, but not Notch1 or Notch3, was expressed in fully differentiated myofibers. Using transgenic mice that expressed a muscle-specific active form of Notch2 (N2ICD-mTG), we found that Notch2 activation remarkably reduced muscle mass and strength with a shift toward slow fibers. Transcriptome analyses revealed that growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) was highly up-regulated in muscles of N2ICD-mTG mice, and crucially, N2ICD-induced muscle atrophy was rescued by siRNA-mediated reduction of GDF11 expression. These data suggest that Notch2 functions in muscle to regulate muscle mass, in part, through induction of GDF11 expression, and reveal a novel aspect of Notch signaling in a terminally differentiated adult tissue.

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Metabolism regulates muscle stem cell self renewal by connecting the microenvironment and histone acetylation

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Acetylation of PAX7 Controls Muscle Stem Cell Self-Renewal and Differentiation Potential

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