Project description:To identify the differiational genes and pathways in MM231 and MM231-FGD5-cas9, we examined the microarray gene expression profile of MM231 breast cancer cells vs FGD5-cas9 cells. Ectopic expression or activation of EGFR is found in most TNBCs, and EGFR inhibitors can suppress TNBC growth in vitro. However, these agents exhibit limited efficacy in TNBC patients, possibly due to the nonkinase oncogenic functions of EGFR and the compensatory effects of other oncogenic activities following anti-EGFR therapy. Here, we identified a positive correlation between EGFR and FGD5 expression in TNBC samples. FGD5 deletion attenuated TNBC initiation and progression by decreasing EGFR stability and expression. Moreover, the proteins involved in mutual compensation of EGFR signaling were significantly downregulated in FGD5-deleted TNBC cells. Mechanistically, FGD5 interacted with EGFR to maintain EGFR stability by impeding EGFR ubiquitylation and degradation mediated by the E3 ligase ITCH; disrupting the FGD5-EGFR interaction accelerated EGFR degradation and produced robust anti-TNBC activity. Our study shows that targeted degradation of EGFR through disrupting the FGD5-EGFR interaction is a promising therapeutic strategy for the TNBC subtype of breast cancer.
Project description:As one of the most abundant lncRNAs in cells, the biological function of lncRNA FGD5-AS1 remains largely unclear in cancers, especially in gastric cancer (GC). In addition, the reason for such high levels of FGD5-AS1 in cells remains unknown. In this study, FGD5-AS1 was proved to be a ZEB1-related lncRNA which was overexpressed and predicted poor prognosis in GC. Knockdown of FGD5-AS1 decreased GC proliferation in vitro and in vivo.
Project description:Inhibition of VE-PTP, an endothelial receptor type tyrosine phosphatase, triggers phosphorylation of the tyrosine kinase receptor Tie-2, which leads to the suppression of inflammation-induced vascular permeability. Analyzing the underlying mechanism, we show here that inhibition of VE-PTP and activation of Tie-2 induce tyrosine phosphorylation of FGD5, a GTPase exchange factor (GEF) for Cdc42, and stimulate translocation of this GEF to cell contacts. Interfering with the expression of FGD5 blocked the junction stabilizing effect of VE-PTP inhibition in vitro and in vivo. Likewise, FGD5 was required for strengthening of cortical actin bundles and inhibiting radial stress fiber formation, which were each stimulated by VE-PTP inhibition. We identified Y820 of FGD5 as the direct substrate for VE-PTP. Inhibition of VE-PTP could no longer stabilize endothelial junctions or activate Cdc42 if endothelial cells expressed a Y820F point mutated version of FGD5. In contrast, FGD5-Y820F was still recruited to endothelial cell contacts. Thus, activation of FGD5 is a two-step process that comprises membrane recruitment and phosphorylation of Y820. These steps are necessary for the junction stabilizing effect that is stimulated by VE-PTP inhibition and Tie-2 activation.
Project description:Purpose: According to the previous analysis results of gene regulation in fetal heart tissues with tetralogy of Fallot (ToF), we constructed the ceRNA mediated network driven by lncRNAs using a causal inference framework based on the expression correlations and validated miRNA-lncRNA/mRNA evidences. Totally 4 lncRNAs were identified as hub lncRNAs in the network, and FGD5-AS1 was focused for further loss-of-function investigation. Methods: The specific shRNAs against FGD5-AS1 (sh-FGD5-AS1) as well as the corresponding negative control (sh-NC) were constructed along with lentiviral vector respectively. Then the CCC-HEH-2 human cardiac myocytes cell lines were infected with lentivirus and followed puromycin treatment for several days. The knockdown efficiencies of the FGD5-AS1 expression were validated by qPCR. The landscape of accessible chromatin in control and knockdown CCC-HEH-2 cell lines were observed using ATAC-Seq. Conclusions: Our data reveal a unique different chromatin state between wild type and FGD5-AS1 knockdown CCC-HEH-2 cells.
Project description:Purpose: According to the previous analysis results of gene regulation in fetal heart tissues with tetralogy of Fallot (ToF), we constructed the ceRNA mediated network driven by lncRNAs using a causal inference framework based on the expression correlations and validated miRNA-lncRNA/mRNA evidences. Totally 4 lncRNAs were identified as hub lncRNAs in the network, and FGD5-AS1 was focused for further loss-of-function investigation. Methods: The specific shRNAs against FGD5-AS1 (sh-FGD5-AS1) as well as the corresponding negative control (sh-NC) were constructed along with lentiviral vector respectively. Then the CCC-HEH-2 human cardiac myocytes cell lines were infected with lentivirus and followed puromycin treatment for several days. The knockdown efficiencies of the FGD5-AS1 expression were validated by qPCR. Genome-wide RNA expression of control and knockdown CCC-HEH-2 cell lines were observed using RNA-Seq. Conclusions: Knockdown of this lncRNA interferes with glutamate receptor activity and metalloendopeptidase inhibitor activity. The expression of abundant CHD genes with |fold change| ≥ 2 was validated with qPCR. These results indicate that FGD5-AS1 plays an important role in CHD genes regulation networks.
Project description:A large number of lncRNAs has been found aberrant expression in breast cancer and paly functional role in tumor progression. However, the role of small peptide hidden in lncRNA are largely unexplored. In this study, we applied the CRISPR/Cas9 screen and ribosome profiling to systematically discover nocanonical open reading frame encoded in long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and explored their critical roles in ER+ breast cancer.