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Apc-mutants act as supercompetitors in intestinal tumour initiation

ABSTRACT: Apc-mutants act as supercompetitors in intestinal tumour initiation

PROVIDER: PRJNA603370 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR10972104.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR10972105.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR10972106.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR10972110.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR10972111.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Apc-mutants act as supercompetitors in intestinal tumour initiation

Project description:Almost all colorectal cancers (CRC) present with mutations in the Apc gene, leading to unrestrained Wnt activation and the initiation of tumour development. We previously reported the competitive benefit of Apc-mutant intestinal stem cells (ISCs) within the crypt, however, the mechanism by which they outcompete their wild type (WT) neighbours remained elusive. Here, we studied the effect of Apc-mutants using an in vitro culture system of WT (Lgr5-CreErt2) and Apc-/- (Lgr5-CreErt2;Apcfl/fl) organoids . The expression patterns of WT and Apc-/- organoids revealed significant upregulation in specific secreted Wnt antagonists Notum, Wif1 and Dkk2. Furthermore, we studied the effect of the secreted antagonist by treating WT organoids with either WT or Apc-/- conditioned medium (CM) for 48 hours and observed a significant decrease in stem cell markers and an increase in goblet cell markers. We report that Apc-mutants act as bona fide supercompetitors by secreting Wnt antagonists that result in active differentiation of WT ISCs.

2021-03-25 | GSE144325 | GEO

TCP-seq of yeast initiation factor mutants

Project description:TCP-seq of yeast initiation factor mutants

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Polyclonal interactions overcome fitness barriers in Apc-driven intestinal tumorigenesis

Project description:Loss-of-function mutations in the tumour suppressor APC are an initial step in intestinal tumorigenesis. APC-mutant intestinal stem cells (ISCs) outcompete their wild type neighbours through the secretion of Wnt antagonists, accelerating the fixation and subsequent rapid clonal expansion of mutants. Reports of polyclonal intestinal tumours in patients and mouse models appear at odds with this process. Here we combine multicolour lineage tracing with chemical mutagenesis in mice to show that a large proportion of intestinal tumours have a multiancestral origin. Polyclonal tumours retain a structure comprising subclones with distinct Apc mutations and transcriptional states, driven predominantly by differences in KRAS and MYC signalling. These pathway level changes are accompanied by profound cancer stem cell phenotypic differences. Importantly, these findings are confirmed by introducing an oncogenic Kras mutation that results in predominantly monoclonal tumour formation. Further, polyclonal tumours have accelerated growth dynamics suggesting a link between polyclonality and tumour progression. Together, these findings demonstrate the role of interclonal interactions in promoting tumorigenesis through non-cell autonomous pathways dependent on the differential activation of oncogenic pathways between clones.

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Crypt density and recruited enhancers underlie intestinal tumour initiation

Project description:Crypt density and recruited enhancers underlie intestinal tumour initiation

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Mps1(Mph1) Kinase phosphorylates Mad3 to Inhibit Cdc20Slp1 –APC/C and maintain spindle checkpoint arrests

Project description:The spindle checkpoint is a mitotic surveillance system which ensures equal segregation of sister chromatids. It delays anaphase onset by inhibiting the action of the E3 ubiquitin ligase known as the anaphase promoting complex or cyclosome (APC/C). Mads/BubR1 is a key component of the mitotic checkpoint complex (MCC) which binds and inhibits the APC/C early in mitosis. Mps1Mph1 kinase is critical for checkpoint signalling and MCC-APC/C inhibition, yet few substrates have been identified. Here we identify Mad3 as a substrate of fission yeast Mps1Mph1 kinase. We map and mutate phosphorylation sites in Mad3, producing mutants that are targeted to kinetochores and assembled into MCC, yet display reduced APC/C binding and are unable to maintain checkpoint arrests. We chow biochemically that Mad3 phospho-mimics are potent APC/C inhibitors in vitro, demonstrating that Mad3p modification can directly influence Cdc20Slp1-APC/C activity. This genetic dissection of APC/C inhibition demonstrates that Mps1Mph1 kinase-dependant modification of Mad3 and Mad2 act in a concerted manner to maintain spindle checkpoint arrests.

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Titration of RAS alters senescent state and influences tumour initiation

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Intestinal IKKa is required for tumor initiation in APC mutant mice

Project description:We have generated a mouse model for tumor initiation carrying a mutation in APC and lacking IKKα in intestinal epithelial cells. IKKα-deficient intestinal cells primarily failed to generate adenomas, and the few adenomas arising in this background displayed a significant reduction in cell proliferation. Using an in vitro model for intestinal tumoroids (derived from adenoma initiating cells), we have performed RNA sequencing of wild type and IKKα-deficient intestinal tumoroids. This has demonstrated that epithelial IKKα controls transcription of stem cell-related genes and genes associated with proliferation and apoptosis.

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Project description:mRNAseq of Apc mutant and Apc Srsf1 double mutant mouse small intestine.

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Project description:Epithelial organs maintain their integrity and prevent tumour initiation by actively removing defective cells, such as those that have lost apicobasal polarity. Here, we identify how transcription factors of two key signalling pathways – Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) and Hippo – regulate epithelial integrity by controlling transcription of an overlapping set of target genes. Targeted DamID experiments reveal that in proliferating cells of the Drosophila melanogaster eye, the AP-1 transcription factor Jun, and the Hippo pathway transcription regulators Yorkie and Scalloped bind to a common suite of target genes that regulate organ growth. In defective neoplastic cells, AP-1 transcription factors repress transcription of growth genes together with the CtBP co-repressor. If gene repression by AP-1/CtBP fails, neoplastic tumour growth ensues, driven by Yorkie/Scalloped. Thus, AP-1/CtBP eliminates defective cells and prevents tumour initiation by acting in parallel to Yorkie/Scalloped to repress expression of a shared transcriptome. These findings shed new light on the maintenance of epithelial integrity and tumour suppression.

2024-08-01 | GSE273449 | GEO

The JNK and Hippo pathways control epithelial integrity and prevent tumour initiation by regulating an overlapping transcriptome [RNA-Seq]

2024-08-01 | GSE272049 | GEO