Extracellular traps released by antimicrobial TH17 cells contributes to host defense
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA605152 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR11034850.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR11034851.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR11034852.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR11034853.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR11034854.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Herein, we used C. acnes as a model to elucidate the antimicrobial machinery of the TH17 subset. We generated C. acnes-specific antimicrobial TH17 clones (AMTH17) with varying antimicrobial activity against C. acnes, to enable us to study mechanisms by which TH17 cells kill bacteria. We show that C. acnes-induced AMTH17 clones represent a subset of CD4+ TEM and TEMRA cells. RNA-seq analysis of AMTH17 indicate transcripts encoding antimicrobial molecules such as GNLY, GZMB, PRF1 and histone H2B, whose expression correlates with killing activity. Additionally, we validated that AMTH17-mediated killing is a general mechanism that can target C. acnes and other bacterial species. Scanning electron microscopy reveal that AMTH17s can release T cell extracellular traps composed of lysine and arginine-rich histones such as H2B and H4 that entangle C. acnes. This study identifies a functionally distinct subpopulation of TH17 cells with an ability to secrete antimicrobial proteins and form extracellular T cell traps to capture and kill bacteria.
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Project description:TH17 cell subpopulations have been defined that contribute to inflammation and homeostasis, yet the characteristics of TH17 cells that contribute to host defense against infection are not clear. To elucidate the antimicrobial machinery of the TH17 subset, we studied the response to Cutibacterium acnes, a skin commensal that is resistant to IL-26, the only known TH17-secreted protein with direct antimicrobial activity. We generated C. acnes-specific antimicrobial TH17 clones (AMTH17) with varying antimicrobial activity against C. acnes, which we correlated by RNA sequencing to the expression of transcripts encoding proteins that contribute to antimicrobial activity. Additionally, we validated that AMTH17-mediated killing of C. acnes and bacterial pathogens was dependent on the secretion of granulysin, granzyme B, perforin, and histone H2B. We found that AMTH17 cells can release fibrous structures composed of DNA decorated with histone H2B that entangle C. acnes that we call T cell extracellular traps (TETs). Within acne lesions, H2B and IL-17 colocalized in CD4+ T cells, in proximity to TETs in the extracellular space composed of DNA decorated with H2B. This study identifies a functionally distinct subpopulation of TH17 cells with an ability to form TETs containing secreted antimicrobial proteins that capture and kill bacteria.
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Project description:CD4+ T helper 17 (Th17) cells protect vertebrate hosts from extracellular pathogens at mucosal surfaces. Th17 cells form from naïve precursors when signals from the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) and certain cytokine receptors induce the expression of the RORγt transcription factor, which activates a set of Th17-specific genes. Using T cell-specific loss-of-function experiments we find that two components of the Polycomb Repressive Complex 1.1 (PRC1.1), BCL6 corepressor (BCOR) and KDM2B, which helps target the complex to unmethylated CpG DNA islands, are required for optimal Th17 cell formation in mice after Streptococcus pyogenes infection. Genome-wide expression and BCOR chromatin immunoprecipitation studies revealed that BCOR directly represses Lef1, Runx2, and Dusp4, whose products inhibit Th17 differentiation. Together, the results suggest that PRC1.1 components, BCOR and KDM2B, work together to enhance Th17 cell formation by repressing Th17 fate suppressors.
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