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Control of Foxp3 induction and maintenance by sequential histone acetylation and DNA demethylation

ABSTRACT: Control of Foxp3 induction and maintenance by sequential histone acetylation and DNA demethylation

PROVIDER: PRJNA609763 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR11216077_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR11216077_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR11216078_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR11216078_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR11216079_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Control of Foxp3 induction and maintenance by sequential histone acetylation and DNA demethylation [WGBS]

Project description:Regulatory T (Treg) cells play crucial roles in suppressing deleterious immune response. Here, we investigate how mechanistically Treg cells are induced and stabilized via transcriptional regulation of Treg lineage–specifying factor Foxp3. Acetylation of histone tails in the Foxp3 locus is induced during Treg cell development and required in cis for the initiation of Foxp3 transcription. Upon induction, histone acetylation signal largely acts in trans to sustain Foxp3 transcription via multiple factors. Subsequently, Tet-mediated DNA demethylation of Foxp3 cis-regulatory elements particularly enhancer CNS2 increases chromatin accessibility and protein binding, drastically stabilizing Foxp3 transcription, although histone acetylation still regulates global gene expression. These processes transform stochastic Treg cell induction into a stable cell fate, with the former sensitive and latter resistant to genetic and environmental perturbations. Thus, our study reveals distinct roles of histone acetylation in Foxp3 induction and maintenance, reflecting sequential mechanical switches governing Treg cell lineage specification.

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Control of Foxp3 induction and maintenance by sequential histone acetylation and DNA demethylation [WGBS]

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Control of Foxp3 induction and maintenance by sequential histone acetylation and DNA demethylation [SLAM-Seq]

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Control of Foxp3 induction and maintenance by sequential histone acetylation and DNA demethylation.

Project description:Regulatory T (Treg) cells play crucial roles in suppressing deleterious immune response. Here, we investigate how Treg cells are mechanistically induced in vitro (iTreg) and stabilized via transcriptional regulation of Treg lineage-specifying factor Foxp3. We find that acetylation of histone tails at the Foxp3 promoter is required for inducing Foxp3 transcription. Upon induction, histone acetylation signals via bromodomain-containing proteins, particularly targets of inhibitor JQ1, and sustains Foxp3 transcription via a global or trans effect. Subsequently, Tet-mediated DNA demethylation of Foxp3 cis-regulatory elements, mainly enhancer CNS2, increases chromatin accessibility and protein binding, stabilizing Foxp3 transcription and obviating the need for the histone acetylation signal. These processes transform stochastic iTreg induction into a stable cell fate, with the former sensitive and the latter resistant to genetic and environmental perturbations. Thus, sequential histone acetylation and DNA demethylation in Foxp3 induction and maintenance reflect stepwise mechanical switches governing iTreg cell lineage specification.

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Mbd2 promotes Foxp3 demethylation and T-regulatory cell function

Project description:The proposed use of Foxp3+ T-regulatory (Treg) cells as potential cellular therapy in patients with autoimmune diseases, or post-hemopoietic stem cell or organ transplantation, requires a sound understanding of the transcriptional regulation of Foxp3 expression. Conserved CpG dinucleotides in the Treg-specific demethylated region (TSDR) upstream of Foxp3 are demethylated only in stable, thymic-derived Foxp3+ Tregs. Since methyl-binding domain (Mbd) proteins recruit histone-modifying and chromatin-remodeling complexes to methylated sites, we tested whether targeting of Mbd2 might promote demethylation of Foxp3 and thereby promote Treg numbers or function. Surprisingly, while ChIP analysis showed Mbd2 binding to the Foxp3-associated TSDR site in Tregs, Mbd2 targeting by homologous recombination or siRNA decreased Treg numbers and impaired Treg suppressive function in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we found complete TSDR demethylation in WT Tregs but >75% methylation in Mbd2-/- Tregs, whereas re-introduction of Mbd2 into Mbd2-null Tregs restored TSDR demethylation, Foxp3 gene expression and Treg suppressive function. Lastly, Mbd2-/- Tregs had markedly binding of the DNA demethylase enzyme, Tet2, in the TSDR region. These data show that Mbd2 has a key role in promoting TSDR demethylation, Foxp3 expression and Treg suppressive function. RNA from three independent samples from magnetically separated CD4+CD25+ Treg of MBD2–/– mice, compared to wild type control (all Balb/c background).

2013-09-01 | E-GEOD-48653 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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