Project description:Transcriptional profiling of duodenum from non-obese patients and patients with morbid obesity comparing non-insulin resistance vs. insulin resistande. Goal was to determine the involvement of the duodenum in the development of insulin resistance and the possible influence of obesity.
Project description:This experiment compared gene expression in the duodenum of naive genetically resistant sheep and naive genetically susceptible sheep. Keywords: resistant v susceptible
Project description:The current study aimed to address the hypothesis that programmed expression of key miRNAs in skeletal muscle mediates the development of insulin resistance, and consequently long-term health. We thus examined microRNA signatures in skeletal muscle of programmed insulin resistant rats offspring from high fat-fed dams vs control offspring from chow fed dams.
Project description:This experiment compared gene expression in the duodenum of [1] weaned genetically resistant sheep and weaned genetically susceptible sheep (84 days old) [2] genetically resistant sheep and genetically susceptible sheep that have been naturally challenged once with nematodes (175 days old) and [3] genetically resistant sheep and genetically susceptible sheep that have been naturally challenged twice with nematodes (276 days old). Keywords: resistant v susceptible
Project description:Insulin resistance is accompanied by chronic hyperinsulinemia and is associated with type 2 diabetes and other metabolic syndromes in a substantial portion of the population. The risk factors and features of insulin resistance have been thoroughly described but its mechanistic triggers are still under study. Here we consider a condensate model for insulin receptor (IR) function in normal conditions and when dysregulated in chronic hyperinsulinemia-induced insulin resistance. We find that IR is incorporated into liquid-like condensates at the plasma membrane, in the cytoplasm and in the nucleus of liver cells, and provide evidence for insulin-dependent IR function in condensates. Insulin stimulation promotes further incorporation of IR into these dynamic condensates in insulin sensitive cells, which form and dissolve on short, sub-minute time-scales. In contrast, insulin stimulation does not promote further incorporation of IR into condensates in insulin resistant cells, where IR molecules within condensates exhibit less dynamic behavior. Metformin treatment of insulin resistant cells rescues IR condensate dynamics and insulin responsiveness. Insulin resistant cells experience high levels of oxidative stress, which causes reduced condensate dynamics, and treatment of these cells with metformin reduces ROS levels and returns condensates to their normal dynamic behavior. The condensate model we propose can account for features of normal and dysregulated insulin response and has implications for improved therapeutic approaches to insulin resistance.
Project description:This experiment compared gene expression in the duodenum of naive genetically resistant sheep and naive genetically susceptible sheep. A four factorial design was used with four resistant animals and four susceptible animals. Each animal in the resistant group was compared to each animal in the susceptible group incorporating dye swaps.
Project description:The current study aimed to address the hypothesis that programmed expression of key miRNAs in skeletal muscle mediates the development of insulin resistance, and consequently long-term health. We thus examined microRNA signatures in skeletal muscle of programmed insulin resistant rats offspring from high fat-fed dams vs control offspring from chow fed dams. Skeletal muscle (soleus) was collected from the hind limb of 1 year old male offspring (6 from control dams, 6 from high fat-fed dams) . Ramaciotti Centre for Genomics (UNSW, sydney, Australia)