Notum promotes thermogenesis and protects against diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance in mice
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA626363 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other | ||||
| SRR11567373.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR11567374.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR11567376.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR11567377.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Cytokines of the IL-1 family are important modulators of obesity-induced inflammation and the development of systemic insulin resistance. Here, we report that IL-37, a newly-described antiinflammatory member of the IL-1 family, affects obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance. IL-37 transgenic mice (IL-37tg) did not develop an obese phenotype in response to a high-fat diet (HFD). Unlike WT mice, IL-37tg mice exhibited reduced numbers of adipose tissue macrophages and preserved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity after 16 weeks of HFD. A short-term HFD intervention revealed that the IL-37-mediated improvement in glucose tolerance is independent of bodyweight. IL-37tg mice manifested a beneficial metabolic profile with higher circulating levels of the anti-inflammatory adipokine adiponectin. In vitro treatment of differentiating adipocytes with recombinant IL-37 reduced adipogenesis. The beneficial effects of recombinant IL-37 involved activation of AMPK signaling. In humans, steady-state IL-37 adipose tissue mRNA levels were positively correlated with insulin sensitivity, lower adipose tissue levels of leptin and a lower inflammatory status of the adipose tissue. These findings reveal IL-37 as an important anti-inflammatory modulator during obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance in both mice and humans and suggest that IL-37 is a potential target for the treatment of obesity-induced insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Gene arrays were performed on epidydimal white adipose tissue samples from wild type and human IL37-overexpressing transgenic mice fed a high fat diet for 16 weeks.
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Project description:Signaling pathways that promote adipose tissue thermogenesis are well characterized, but the physiologic limiters of energy expenditure are largely unknown. Here we show that ablation of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 improves insulin sensitivity, protects against diet-induced obesity, and elicits the browning of white adipose tissue. Mechanistic studies define bone marrow cells as the source of the IL-10 signal and mature adipocytes as the target cell type mediating these effects. IL-10 receptor alpha is highly enriched in mature adipocytes and is induced in response to cold, obesity and aging. ATAC-seq and RNA-seq reveal that IL-10 represses the transcription of thermogenic genes in adipocytes by altering chromatin accessibility and inhibiting ATF and PGC-1alpha recruitment to key enhancer regions. These findings identify the IL-10 axis as a critical and potentially targetable regulator of thermogenesis, and expand our understanding of the links between inflammatory signaling and adipose tissue function in the setting of obesity.
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