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QSER1 Protects DNA Methylation Valleys from De Novo Methylation

ABSTRACT: QSER1 Protects DNA Methylation Valleys from De Novo Methylation

PROVIDER: PRJNA631028 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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Dataset's files

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			Action	DRS
	SRR11727668_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR11727668_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR11727669_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR11727669_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR14005200.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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RNA Sequencing of H1 WT hESCs, H1 QSER1 KO hESCs, H1 TET1 KO hESCs, H1 QSER1/TET1 DKO hESCs, WT Day10 EBs, QSER1 KO Day10 EBs, TET1 KO Day10 EBs, QSER1/TET1 DKO Day10 EBs, WT PP1, QSER1 KO PP1, TET1 KO PP1, and QSER1/TET1 DKO PP1.

Project description:RNA Sequencing of H1 WT hESCs, H1 QSER1 KO hESCs, H1 TET1 KO hESCs, H1 QSER1/TET1 DKO hESCs, WT Day10 embryoid bodies (EBs), QSER1 KO Day10 EBs, TET1 KO Day10 EBs, QSER1/TET1 DKO Day10 EBs, WT pancreatic progenitors (PP1), QSER1 KO PP1, TET1 KO PP1, and QSER1/TET1 DKO PP1. DNA methylation is essential to mammalian development, and dysregulation can cause serious pathological conditions. Key enzymes responsible for deposition and removal of DNA methylation are known, but how they cooperate to tightly regulate the methylation landscape remains a central question. Utilizing a knockin DNA methylation reporter, we performed a genome-wide CRISPR/Cas screen in human embryonic stem cells to discover DNA methylation regulators. The top screen hit was an uncharacterized gene QSER1, which proved to be a key guardian of bivalent promoters and poised enhancers of developmental genes, especially those residing in DNA methylation valleys (or canyons). We further demonstrate cooperation of QSER1 and TET1 through genetic and biochemical interactions to inhibit DNMT3-mediated de novo methylation and safeguard developmental programs.

2021-03-19 | GSE169209 | GEO

QSER1 protects DNA methylation valleys from de novo methylation.

Project description:DNA methylation is essential to mammalian development, and dysregulation can cause serious pathological conditions. Key enzymes responsible for deposition and removal of DNA methylation are known, but how they cooperate to regulate the methylation landscape remains a central question. Using a knockin DNA methylation reporter, we performed a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screen in human embryonic stem cells to discover DNA methylation regulators. The top screen hit was an uncharacterized gene, QSER1, which proved to be a key guardian of bivalent promoters and poised enhancers of developmental genes, especially those residing in DNA methylation valleys (or canyons). We further demonstrate genetic and biochemical interactions of QSER1 and TET1, supporting their cooperation to safeguard transcriptional and developmental programs from DNMT3-mediated de novo methylation.

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Methyl capture sequencing (Truseq Epic from Illumina) of H1 WT, H1 QSER1 KO, H1 TET1 KO, H1 DNMT3B KO, H1 QSER1 KOpm (passaged matched with DKOs), H1 QSER1/TET1 DKO, and H1 QSER1/DNMT3B DKO hESCs

Project description:DNA methylation is essential to mammalian development, and dysregulation can cause serious pathological conditions. Key enzymes responsible for deposition and removal of DNA methylation are known, but how they cooperate to tightly regulate the methylation landscape remains a central question. Utilizing a knockin DNA methylation reporter, we performed a genome-wide CRISPR/Cas screen in human embryonic stem cells to discover DNA methylation regulators. The top screen hit was an uncharacterized gene QSER1, which proved to be a key guardian of bivalent promoters and poised enhancers of developmental genes, especially those residing in DNA methylation valleys (or canyons). We further demonstrate cooperation of QSER1 and TET1 through genetic and biochemical interactions to inhibit DNMT3-mediated de novo methylation and safeguard developmental programs.

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Project description:DNA methylation is essential to mammalian development, and dysregulation can cause serious pathological conditions. Key enzymes responsible for deposition and removal of DNA methylation are known, but how they cooperate to tightly regulate the methylation landscape remains a central question. Utilizing a knockin DNA methylation reporter, we performed a genome-wide CRISPR/Cas screen in human embryonic stem cells to discover DNA methylation regulators. The top screen hit was an uncharacterized gene QSER1, which proved to be a key guardian of bivalent promoters and poised enhancers of developmental genes, especially those residing in DNA methylation valleys (or canyons). We further demonstrate cooperation of QSER1 and TET1 through genetic and biochemical interactions to inhibit DNMT3-mediated de novo methylation and safeguard developmental programs.

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QSER1 Protects DNA Methylation Valleys from De Novo Methylation

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SPOCD1 is a novel executor of piRNA-directed DNA methylation that links MIWI2 to the de novo DNA methylation machiner

Project description:In mammals, the acquisition of the germline from the soma provides the germline with an essential challenge, the necessity to erase and reset genomic methylation. In the male germline RNA-directed DNA methylation silences young active transposable elements (TEs). The PIWI protein MIWI2 (PIWIL4) and its associated PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are proposed to tether MIWI2 to nascent TE transcripts and instruct DNA methylation. The mechanism by which MIWI2 directs de novo TE methylation is poorly understood but central to the immortality of the germline. Here, we define the interactome of MIWI2 in foetal gonocytes that are undergoing de novo genome methylation and identify a novel MIWI2-associated factor, SPOCD1, that is essential for young TE methylation and silencing. The loss of Spocd1 in mice results in male specific infertility and does not impact on piRNA biogenesis nor localization of MIWI2 to the nucleus. SPOCD1 is a nuclear protein and its expression is restricted to the period of de novo genome methylation. We found SPOCD1 co-purified in vivo with DNMT3L and DNMT3A, components of the de novo methylation machinery as well as constituents of the NURD and BAF chromatin remodelling complexes. We propose a model whereby tethering of MIWI2 to a nascent TE transcript recruits repressive chromatin remodelling activities and the de novo methylation apparatus through its association with SPOCD1. In summary, we have identified a novel and essential executor of mammalian piRNA-directed DNA methylation.

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