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Gene expression profiling of monocyte in response to Pf-iRBC stimulation from Pf-PCR negative Malian children and adults during dry season.

ABSTRACT: Gene expression profiling of monocyte in response to Pf-iRBC stimulation from Pf-PCR negative Malian children and adults during dry season.

PROVIDER: PRJNA634766 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR11837713_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR11837713_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR11837714_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR11837714_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR11837715_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Gene expression profiling of monocyte in response to Pf-iRBC stimulation from Pf-PCR negative Malian children and adults during dry season.

Project description:In malaria-naïve individuals, P. falciparum (Pf) infection results in numerous Pf-infected red blood cells (iRBCs) that trigger systemic inflammation and fever. Conversely, repeatedly infected individuals in endemic areas are often asymptomatic and have low levels of iRBCs, even children who have yet to acquire reliably protective antibodies. The molecular mechanisms underlying these clinical observations are unclear. PBMCs collected from Malian children before the malaria season responded to iRBCs by producing pyrogenic, pro-inflammatory mediators such as IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF. However, following febrile malaria there was a marked shift in the response to iRBCs with the same children's PBMCs producing lower levels of those cytokines. These data suggest that malaria-induced epigenetic reprogramming of innate immune cells may play a role in immunity to malaria. Accordingly, age-stratified analysis of monocytes collected before the malaria season showed an inverse relationship between age and pro-inflammatory cytokine production capacity.

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Project description:The dry season is a major challenge for Plasmodium falciparum parasites in many malaria endemic regions, where water availability limits mosquitoes to only part of the year. How P. falciparum bridges two transmission seasons months apart, without being cleared by the host or compromising host survival is poorly understood. Here we show that low levels of P. falciparum parasites persist in the blood of asymptomatic Malian individuals during the 5- to 6-month dry season, rarely causing symptoms and minimally affecting the host immune response. Parasites isolated during the dry season are transcriptionally distinct from those of subjects with febrile malaria in the transmission season, reflecting longer circulation within each replicative cycle, of parasitized erythrocytes without adhering to the vascular endothelium. Low parasite levels during the dry season are not due to impaired replication, but rather increased efficiency of splenic clearance of longer-circulating infected erythrocytes. We propose that P. falciparum virulence in areas of seasonal malaria transmission is regulated so that the parasite decreases its endothelial binding capacity, allowing increased splenic clearance and enabling several months of subclinical parasite persistence.

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Soil samples Metagenome Dry Season

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Project description:The dry season is a major challenge for Plasmodium falciparum parasites in many malaria endemic regions, where water availability limits mosquitoes to only part of the year. How P. falciparum bridges two transmission seasons months apart, without being cleared by the host or compromising host survival is poorly understood. Here we show that low levels of P. falciparum parasites persist in the blood of asymptomatic Malian individuals during the 5- to 6-month dry season, rarely causing symptoms and minimally affecting the host immune response. Parasites isolated during the dry season are transcriptionally distinct from those of subjects with febrile malaria in the transmission season, reflecting longer circulation within each replicative cycle, of parasitized erythrocytes without adhering to the vascular endothelium. Low parasite levels during the dry season are not due to impaired replication, but rather increased splenic clearance of longer-circulating infected erythrocytes. We propose that P. falciparum virulence in areas of seasonal malaria transmission is regulated so that the parasite decreases its endothelial binding capacity, allowing increased splenic clearance and enabling several months of subclinical parasite persistence.

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Plasmodium falciparum increased time in circulation underlies persistent asymptomatic infection in the dry season

Project description:Plasmodium falciparum increased time in circulation underlies persistent asymptomatic infection in the dry season

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Time Course of Adults Vaccinated with Influenza TIV Vaccine during 2011/12 Flu Season

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