Project description:To clarify the pathological significance of CGRP in ulcerative colitis, we generated knockout mice for CGRPα and CGRPβ and analyzed colon proteome data from DDS drinking water ulcerative colitis model mice. In addition, to confirm changes in the colon over time, the colon of wild-type mice after DDS drinking was harvested over time and used for proteome data.
Project description:Experimental colitis is often used as a model for the inflammatory bowel diseases, ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. Results identify the inflammatory processes during acute colitis in affected tissues from TNBS-treated susceptible 5-7 week old SJL mice. Keywords: Disease state analysis Two-condition experiment, Treated vs Non-treated. Biological replicates: 4 treated, 4 non-treated. One replicate per array.
Project description:Experimental colitis is often used as a model for the inflammatory bowel diseases, ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. Results identify the inflammatory processes during acute colitis in affected tissues from TNBS-treated susceptible 5-7 week old SJL mice. Keywords: Disease state analysis
Project description:Association between the microbiome, IBD and liver diseases are known, yet cause and effect remain elusive. By connecting human microphysiological systems of the gut, liver and circulating Treg/Th17 cells, we modeled progression of ulcerative colitis (UC) ex vivo. We show that microbiome-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) may either improve or worsen disease severity, depending on the activation state of CD4 T cells. Employing a multiomic approach, we found SCFA reduced innate activation of the UC gut and increased hepatic metabolism. However, during acute T cell-mediated inflammation, SCFA exacerbate CD4 T cell effector function leading to gut barrier disruption and liver damage. These paradoxical findings underscore the emerging utility of human physiomimetic technology in combination with systems immunology to study causality and temporal facets of gut-liver axis related diseases where animal models might leave ambiguity.
Project description:Ulcerative Colitis is an autoimmune inflammatory bowel disease that causes chronic inflammation in the colon and the rectum. Althoung extensively researched, the underlying molecular mechanisms of Ulcerative Colitis remain elusive. Especially, there is a lack of understanding about regulatory non-coding miRNA expression during Ulcerative Colitis. Therefore, we performed high-throughput miRNA profiling of colon tissue biopsies from XX patients with active Ulcerative Colitis, XX patients with quiescent Ulcerative Colitis and XX Symptomatic Control individuals.
Project description:The gut microbiome is significantly altered in inflammatory bowel diseases, but the basis of these changes is not well understood. We have combined metagenomic and metatranscriptomic profiling of the gut microbiome to assess changes to both bacterial community structure and transcriptional activity in a mouse model of colitis. Gene families involved in microbial resistance to oxidative stress, including Dps/ferritin, Fe-dependent peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase, were transcriptionally up-regulated in colitis, implicating a role for increased oxygen tension in gut microbiota modulation. Transcriptional profiling of the host gut tissue and host RNA in the gut lumen revealed a marked increase in the transcription of genes with an activated macrophage and granulocyte signature, suggesting the involvement of these cell types in influencing microbial gene expression. Down-regulation of host glycosylation genes further supports a role for inflammation-driven changes to the gut niche that may impact the microbiome. We propose that members of the bacterial community react to inflammation-associated increased oxygen tension by inducing genes involved in oxidative stress resistance. Furthermore, correlated transcriptional responses between host glycosylation and bacterial glycan utilisation support a role for altered usage of host-derived carbohydrates in colitis. Complementary transcription profiling data from the mouse hosts have also been deposited at ArrayExpress under accession number E-MTAB-3590 ( http://www.ebi.ac.uk/arrayexpress/experiments/E-MTAB-3590/ ).
Project description:Ulcerative Colitis is an autoimmune inflammatory bowel disease that causes chronic inflammation in the colon and the rectum. Althoung extensively researched, the underlying molecular mechanisms of Ulcerative Colitis remain elusive. Especially, there is a lack of understanding about regulatory non-coding miRNA expression during Ulcerative Colitis in a cell type-specific context. Therefore, we performed high-throughput miRNA profiling of Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting (FACS)-enriched CD66a+ and CD44+ colonic epithelial cell populations from colon tissue biopsies of 16 patients with active Ulcerative Colitis, 15 patients with quiescent Ulcerative Colitis and 17 Symptomatic Control individuals.
Project description:Hepcidin is demonstrated to be the key iron regulatory hormone, produced by the liver. Here we show an unexpected role of hepcidin as a master initiator of the local and systemic inflammatory response. We found that hepcidin was highly expressed in the colon of two major idiopathic inflammatory bowel diseases : Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Thanks to the generation of intestinal specific hepcidin KO mice (Hepc{delta}int), we found in a DSS-induced colitis model that hepcidin mediated the induction of key inflammatory cytokines and was protective against intestinal injury. In a model of LPS-induced acute inflammation, intestinal hepcidin expression was increased through a TLR4 dependent pathway andwas required for intestinal neutrophil infiltration and inflammation. Strikingly, intestinal hepcidin was absolutely required for the systemic production of key inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, CXCL1, TNF-alpha ...) as well as for the setting of the hypoferremia of inflammation. In a sepsis model, Hepc{delta}int mice were protected against LPS-induced mortality. Mechanistically, we showed that hepcidin was a direct neutrophil chemoattractant and a proinflammatory molecule in macrophages through a Myd88 dependent pathway. Altogether, we demonstrated that Hepcidin is a key new essential component of the immune system and may be a promising target in many inflammatory diseases. We used microarrays to detail the global program of gene expression of BMDM treat with hepcidin for 1 hour.