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Ecological and evolutionary alteration in the GD intestinal microbiome part08

ABSTRACT: Ecological and evolutionary alteration in the GD intestinal microbiome part08 Metagenome

PROVIDER: PRJNA638406 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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Meningeal gd T cells regulate anxiety like behaviors via Il17a signaling on Neurons

Project description:By characterizing the meningeal compartment of naive mice, here we explored a unique population of tissue-resident gd T cells, which we found to be the major source of IL-17A in the steady state meninges. gd T cells rapidly harbor meninges at perinatal stages and actively make IL-17A. Their IL-17A production was TCR-dependent but it occurred independent of commensal microbiota. The absence of meningeal gd T cells was related with risk-taking behavior in mice, which was dependent on the IL-17A signaling directly in the prefrontal cortex neurons. Our results demonstrate that tissue-resident meningeal gd T cell-derived IL-17A may represent an evolutionary bridge between anti-pathogen response and avoidance behavioral traits in vertebrates.

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gd T-cells regulate transcriptional response to diet in the intestinal epithelium

Project description:As a site of direct encounter with the external environment, the intestine must balance nutrient uptake with barrier defense. This requires coordination between numerous cell types that engage whole tissue responses to changes in environmental variables. To investigate how nutrient uptake is regulated in the small intestine, we tested the effects of diets with different macronutrient composition on epithelial cell gene expression. We found that expression of enzymes and transporters required for digestion and absorption of carbohydrates, but not protein, was dependent on substrate availability. Surprisingly, the ‘on-demand’ induction of this machinery required gd Tcells, which regulated this program via suppression of IL-22 expression by ILC3s. We found that nutrient availability alters the tissue localization and transcriptome of gd T-cells and that transcriptional responses to diet involved cellular remodeling of the epithelial compartment. This work thus identified a novel role of intestinal gd T-cells in nutrient sensing.

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PBS vs. LPS stimulation of gd T cells

Project description:gd T cells recognize unprocessed or non-peptide antigens, respond rapidly to infection, and localize to mucosal surfaces. We have hypothesized that the innate functions of gd T cells may be more similar to those of cells of the myeloid lineage than to other T cells. To begin to test this assumption, we have analyzed the direct response of cultured human and peripheral blood bovine gd T cells to pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) in the absence of APCs using microarray, real time RT-PCR, proteome array, and chemotaxis assays. Our results indicate that purified gd T cells respond directly to PAMPs by increasing expression of chemokine and activation related genes. The response was distinct from that to known gd T cell antigens and different from the response of myeloid cells to PAMPs. In addition, we have analyzed the expression of a variety of PAMP receptors in gd T cells. Freshly purified bovine gd T cells responded more robustly to PAMPs than did cultured human cells and expressed measurable mRNA encoding a variety of PAMP receptors. Our results suggest that rapid response to PAMPs through the expression of PAMP receptors may be another innate role of gd T cells. Keywords: parallel sample

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