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Cell size is a determinant of stem cell potential during aging

ABSTRACT: Cell size is a determinant of stem cell potential during aging

PROVIDER: PRJNA645898 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR12211300.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR12211301.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR12211302.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR12211303.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR12211304.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Cell size is a determinant of stem cell potential during aging (HSC size-fractionation RNA-seq dataset)

Project description:Cell size is a determinant of stem cell potential during aging (HSC size-fractionation RNA-seq dataset)

| PRJNA645903 | ENA

Cell size is a determinant of stem cell potential during aging (HSC size-fractionation RNA-seq dataset)

Project description:Stem cells are remarkably small in size. Human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) measure a mere 7 μm in diameter. Whether small size is important for stem cell function is unknown. We find that murine HSCs enlarge under conditions known to decrease stem cell function. This decreased fitness of large HSCs is due to reduced proliferative potential. We further show that preventing HSC enlargement by inhibiting macromolecule biosynthesis or reducing the size of large HSCs by shortening G1 averts the loss of stem cell potential. Naturally large HSCs also exhibit decreased stem cell potential indicating that large size characterizes exhausted HSCs under physiological conditions. Finally, we show that our findings are relevant to aging. A fraction of murine and human HSCs enlarge during aging. Preventing this age-dependent enlargement improves HSC function. We conclude that small cell size is important for stem cell function and propose that stem cell enlargement contributes to their functional decline during aging.

2021-09-19 | GSE154333 | GEO

Cell size is a determinant of stem cell potential during aging (HSC treatments RNA-seq dataset)

Project description:Cell size is a determinant of stem cell potential during aging (HSC treatments RNA-seq dataset)

| PRJNA645904 | ENA

Cell size is a determinant of stem cell potential during aging (HSC treatments RNA-seq dataset)

2021-09-19 | GSE154334 | GEO

Cell size is a determinant of stem cell potential during aging.

Project description:Stem cells are remarkably small. Whether small size is important for stem cell function is unknown. We find that hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) enlarge under conditions known to decrease stem cell function. This decreased fitness of large HSCs is due to reduced proliferation and was accompanied by altered metabolism. Preventing HSC enlargement or reducing large HSCs in size averts the loss of stem cell potential under conditions causing stem cell exhaustion. Last, we show that murine and human HSCs enlarge during aging. Preventing this age-dependent enlargement improves HSC function. We conclude that small cell size is important for stem cell function in vivo and propose that stem cell enlargement contributes to their functional decline during aging.

| S-EPMC8589318 | biostudies-literature

Cell size is a determinant of stem cell potential during aging

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

2021-09-19 | GSE154335 | GEO

The myokine Fibcd1 is an endogenous determinant of myofiber size and mitigates cancer-induced myofiber atrophy

Project description:Decline in skeletal muscle cell size (myofiber atrophy) is a key feature of cancer-induced wasting (cachexia). In particular, atrophy of the diaphragm, the major muscle responsible for breathing, is an important determinant of cancer-associated mortality. However, therapeutic options are limited. Here, we have used Drosophila transgenic screening to identify muscle-secreted factors (myokines) that act as paracrine regulators of myofiber growth. Subsequent testing in mouse myotubes revealed that mouse Fibcd1 is an evolutionary-conserved myokine that preserves myofiber size via ERK signaling. Local administration of recombinant Fibcd1 (rFibcd1) ameliorates cachexia-induced myofiber atrophy in the diaphragm of mice bearing patient-derived melanoma xenografts and LLC carcinomas. Moreover, rFibcd1 impedes cachexia-associated transcriptional changes in the diaphragm. Fibcd1-induced signaling appears to be muscle selective because rFibcd1 increases ERK activity in myotubes but not in several cancer cell lines tested. We propose that rFibcd1 may help reinstate myofiber size in the diaphragm of patients with cancer cachexia.

2022-02-28 | GSE183833 | GEO

The myokine Fibcd1 is an endogenous determinant of myofiber size and mitigates cancer-induced myofiber atrophy

2022-02-28 | GSE158581 | GEO

The myokine Fibcd1 is an endogenous determinant of myofiber size and mitigates cancer-induced myofiber atrophy

2022-02-28 | GSE156815 | GEO

A human tissue screen identifies a regulator of ER secretion as a brain size determinant

Project description:A human tissue screen identifies a regulator of ER secretion as a brain size determinant. Abstract: Loss-of-function (LOF) screens provide a powerful approach to identify regulators in biological processes. Pioneered in laboratory animals, LOF screens of human genes are currently restricted to two-dimensional (2D) cell culture hindering testing of gene functions requiring tissue context. Here we present CRISPR-LIneage tracing at Cellular resolution in Heterogenous Tissue (CRISPR-LICHT), enabling parallel LOF studies in human cerebral organoid tissue. We used CRISPR-LICHT to test 173 microcephaly candidate genes revealing 25 to be involved in known and uncharacterized microcephaly-associated pathways. We characterized Immediate Early Response 3 Interacting Protein 1 (IER3IP1) regulating the unfolded protein response (UPR) and extracellular matrix (ECM) protein secretion crucial for tissue integrity, with dysregulation resulting in microcephaly. Our human tissue screening technology identifies microcephaly genes and mechanisms involved in brain size control.

2021-11-10 | PXD019350 | Pride

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