Project description:Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling of 12 spinal paragangliomas of the filum terminale/cauda equina. The Illumina Infinium EPIC 850k Human DNA Methylation Beadchip was used to obtain DNA methylation profiles across approximately 850,000 CpG sites of genomic DNA extracted from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor tissue of 12 spinal paragangliomas.
Project description:Intradural AVF below the conus medullaris may develop either on the filum terminale or the cauda equina (lumbosacral and coccygeal radicular nerves). Although not a few filum terminale AVFs are found in the literature, only 3 detailed cauda equina AVFs have been reported. Here, we analyze the angiographic and MR imaging findings of our cauda equina and filum terminale AVF cases, supplemented with literature research to characterize the radiologic features of the 2 entities. On angiography, filum terminale AVFs were invariably supplied by the extension of the anterior spinal artery accompanied by a closely paralleling filum terminale vein. Cauda equina AVFs were fed by either a radicular or a spinal artery or both arteries, often with a characteristic wavy radicular-perimedullary draining vein. On thin-section axial MR imaging, the filum terminale AVF draining vein joined the spinal cord at the conus medullaris apex, but that of the cauda equina AVF joined above the conus medullaris apex.
Project description:GS-8873, an HBV RNA transcript suppressor involving the TENT4A/B RNA stabilization complex was evaluated in 13‑week toxicity studies with 8 weeks of recovery. Cynomolgus monkeys were orally dosed by gavage at 0, 0.5, 1.5, 3 and 6 mg/kg/day. Neuroelectrophysiology testing was conducted at weeks 4 and 13 of dosing and at week 4 and 8 post-recovery. Adverse electrophysiology effects occurred by week 13 in both species with a dose response compared to controls. The mean latency percent change values were increased (>10%) by week 4 in the monkey cauda equina. Monkey 13 week latency values increased by 24% and 31% in the sural nerves and cauda equina respectively with reductions in NCV. The electrophysiology values did not return to vehicle control group levels after 8 weeks of recovery, although some reversal was evident. Monkey lumbar dorsal root ganglia samples from the 6 mg/kg/day dose group were evaluated by RNA-Seq and revealed 102 differentially expressed genes enriched for neuronal disease pathway associations compared to the controls.