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Maternal Influenza A Virus Infection Restricts Fetal and Placental Growth and Adversely Affects the Fetal Thymic Transcriptome

ABSTRACT: Maternal Influenza A Virus Infection Restricts Fetal and Placental Growth and Adversely Affects the Fetal Thymic Transcriptome

PROVIDER: PRJNA660213 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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	SRR12546900.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR12546901.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR12546902.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR12546903.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
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Maternal Influenza A Virus Infection Restricts Fetal and Placental Growth and Adversely Affects the Fetal Thymic Transcriptome

Project description:Maternal influenza A viral infections in humans are associated with low birth weight, increased risk of pre-term birth, stillbirth and congenital defects. To examine the effect of maternal influenza virus infection on placental and fetal growth, pregnant C57BL/6 mice were inoculated intranasally with influenza A virus A/CA/07/2009 pandemic H1N1 or PBS at E3.5, E7.5 or E12.5, and the placentae and fetuses collecgted and weighed at E18.5. Fetal thymuses were pooled from each litter. Placentae were examined histologically, stained by IHC for CD34 and vascular channels quantified. RNA from E7.5 and E12.5 placentae and E7.5 fetal thymuses was subjected to RNA sequencing and pathway analysis. Placental weights were decreased in litters inoculated with influenza at E3.5 and E7.5. Placentae from E7.5 and E12.5 inoculated litters exhibited decreased labyrinth development and transmembrane protein 150A gene was upregulated in E7.5 placentae. Fetal weights were decreased in litters inoculated at E7.5 and E12.5 compared to controls. RNA sequencing of E7.5 thymuses indicated that 957 genes were downregulated 2-fold including Mal, which is associated with Toll-like receptor signaling and T cell differentiation. There were 28 upregulated genes. It is concluded that maternal influenza A virus infection impairs fetal thymic gene expression as well as restricting placental and fetal growth.

2020-09-11 | GSE157132 | GEO

Maternal Influenza A Virus Infection Restricts Fetal and Placental Growth and Adversely Affects the Fetal Thymic Transcriptome.

Project description:Maternal influenza A viral infections in humans are associated with low birth weight, increased risk of pre-term birth, stillbirth and congenital defects. To examine the effect of maternal influenza virus infection on placental and fetal growth, pregnant C57BL/6 mice were inoculated intranasally with influenza A virus A/CA/07/2009 pandemic H1N1 or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at E3.5, E7.5 or E12.5, and the placentae and fetuses collected and weighed at E18.5. Fetal thymuses were pooled from each litter. Placentae were examined histologically, stained by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for CD34 (hematopoietic progenitor cell antigen) and vascular channels quantified. RNA from E7.5 and E12.5 placentae and E7.5 fetal thymuses was subjected to RNA sequencing and pathway analysis. Placental weights were decreased in litters inoculated with influenza at E3.5 and E7.5. Placentae from E7.5 and E12.5 inoculated litters exhibited decreased labyrinth development and the transmembrane protein 150A gene was upregulated in E7.5 placentae. Fetal weights were decreased in litters inoculated at E7.5 and E12.5 compared to controls. RNA sequencing of E7.5 thymuses indicated that 957 genes were downregulated ≥2-fold including Mal, which is associated with Toll-like receptor signaling and T cell differentiation. There were 28 upregulated genes. It is concluded that maternal influenza A virus infection impairs fetal thymic gene expression as well as restricting placental and fetal growth.

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Antenatal steroid (AS) adversely affects placental function: A study of molecular effects using micro-array analysis

Project description:Antenatal steroids (AS) are used to augment fetal lung maturity and there is a major concern that they impair fetal growth. If delivery is delayed after using AS, placental function and hence fetal growth may be compromised even further. We treated three pairs of pregnant C57/BL mice with AS and studied changes in placental gene expression by microarray analysis, these results were later confirmed by semi quantitative RT-PCR, in situ hybridization and Oligo ApopTaq assay. AS treated placentas were hydropic, friable and pale. Placental weight was decreased (78.8±16.7 mg compared to 81.3±17 mg, p<0.05) and so was fetal weight (914 38 mg compared to 1160 85 mg, p<0.05). There was more than 99% similarity between the three gene chip data sets. AS led to down-regulation of 1212 genes and up-regulation of 1382 genes. AS led to decrease in expression of genes involved in cell division like cyclin A2, B1, D2, CDK2, CDK4 and M phase protein kinase along with growth promoting genes like BMP4 and IGF-BP4. Tryptophan hydroxylase gene a key regulator of serotonin production was upegulated by >15 fold. AS treatment caused deleterious effects on placenta by decreasing expression of growth related genes and increased apoptosis of trophoblast cells. Keywords: comparitive gene expression

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Project description:The thymus is the site of T cell development. Although much is known about the development and differentiation of the T lymphocyte compartment, less is known about the thymic epithelial cell (TEC) populations fostering their development. Here we use next generation sequencing approaches to identify transcriptional programs unique to TEC at specific stages of mouse life. This strategy identified Myc as a regulator of the fetal program, driving the rapid expansion in thymic size during fetal life.

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