Cell type specific transcriptomic alterations in prefrontal deep-layer pyramidal neurons in individuals with a history of childhood abuse
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PROVIDER: PRJNA660428 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Childhood abuse significantly increases the lifetime risk of negative mental health outcomes, including psychiatric disorders, such as depression and suicide. While clinical and epidemiological associations are well characterized, the molecular mechanisms through which adverse experiences in early life influence mental health outcomes over the lifespan remain unclear. In this study, we employed laser capture microdissection followed by RNA sequencing (LCM-seq) to investigate transcriptomic alterations to prefrontal deep-layer pyramidal neurons in individuals with a history of childhood abuse (N=24) in comparison to controls (N = 21). We first showed that LCM-seqproduced high-quality transcriptomic data that was strongly enriched for our cell type of interest (95.8% contribution). Differential expression analysis revealed119 genes that were altered between cases versus controls. Using weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) we next identified a network of downregulated genes, in individuals with a history of childhood abuse (r = -0.30, p = 0.04), that was enriched in pathways related to nervous system development and plasticity. The eigengene of this network was significantly correlated (r(23) = 0.490, p = 0.021) with average cell body volume of deep-layer pyramidal neurons. Of the 1042 mRNA genes within this network, 81 were differentially expressed between cases and controls. Using high-throughput qPCR, and comparing with an additional group of depressed subjects who died by suicide without a history of childhood abuse (N = 29), we found 7 genes whose expression levels were significantly (p < 0.05) predicted by a history of childhood abuse but not major depressive disorder and suicide.Our study, therefore, advances our understanding of the long term impact of childhood abuse and points to some of the molecular pathways that may underly previously observed alterations innervous system development and plasticity.
2022-12-30 | GSE157197 | GEO
Project description:Schizophrenia is associated with alterations in working memory that reflect dysfunction of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) circuitry. Working memory depends on the activity of excitatory pyramidal cells in DLPFC layer 3, and to a lesser extent in layer 5. Although many studies have profiled gene expression in DLPFC gray matter in schizophrenia, little is known about cell type-specific transcript expression in these two populations of pyramidal cells. We hypothesized that interrogating gene expression specifically in DLPFC layer 3 or 5 pyramidal cells would reveal new and/or more robust schizophrenia-associated differences that would provide new insights into the nature of pyramidal cell dysfunction in the illness.
2017-07-23 | GSE93987 | GEO
Project description:The experience of childhood maltreatment (CM) is highly associated with the occurrence of psychiatric disorders. The impact of CM on neurodevelopmental trajectories is not fully elucidated. Here, we aim to investigate, the impact of different types of CM on the transcriptome expressed by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in adolescence. Adolescents who experienced different types of CM or normal environment were exposed to a comprehensive screening aimed to evaluate psychological and behavioural parameters. Among them, we selected four subpopulations, that experienced respectively Abuse (A), Neglect (N), Abuse and neglect (AN), normal childhood (C). To identify biological markers of their respective experience, mRNA-Seq analysis was performed in PBMC extracted from their blood sampling.
2024-05-15 | GSE255434 | GEO
Project description:The suppression of fear memory in the absence of danger (fear extinction) requires coordinated neural activity within the amygdala and medial prefrontal (prelimbic and infralimbic) cortex. Any behavior has a transcriptomic signature that is modified by environmental experiences, and specific genes are involved in functional plasticity and synaptic wiring during fear memory and extinction. In the present study, we investigated the effects of optogenetic manipulations of prelimbic pyramidal neurons on amygdala gene expression to analyze the specific transcriptional pathways involved in fear extinction. To this aim, transgenic mice (Thy1-COP4) having cortical and amygdala pyramidal neurons optogenetically excitable were (or not) fear-conditioned. During the extinction phase, the mice received optogenetic (or sham) stimulations to maintain the activation of the prelimbic pyramidal neurons and impair fear extinction. At the end of behavioral testing, electrophysiological (Excitatory Post-Synaptic Currents) and morphological (spinogenesis) correlates were evaluated in the pyramidal neurons of prelimbic cortex. Furthermore, transcriptomic cell-specific RNA-analyses (differential gene expression profiling and functional enrichment analyses) were performed in amygdala pyramidal neurons. Results demonstrate that pyramidal neurons of prelimbic cortex are involved in modulation of the fear responses during extinction phase and their optogenetic stimulation in fear-conditioned mice results in strong modifications of the amygdala transcriptome. Understanding the transcriptomic architecture of fear extinction may facilitate the comprehension of fear-related disorders.
2021-01-14 | GSE162417 | GEO
Project description:Gray matter volume in the cerebral cortex has been consistently found to be decreased in patients with schizophrenia. The superior temporal gyrus (STG) is one of the cortical regions that exhibit the most pronounced volumetric reduction. This reduction is generally thought to reflect, at least in part, decreased number of synapses; the majority of these synapses are believed to be furnished by glutamatergic axon terminals onto the dendritic spines on pyramidal neurons. Pyramidal neurons in the cerebral cortex exhibit layer-specific connectional properties, providing neural circuit structures that support distinct aspects of higher cortical functions. For instance, dendritic spines on pyramidal neurons in layer 3 of the cerebral cortex are targeted by both local and long-range glutamatergic projections in a highly reciprocal fashion. Synchronized activities of pyramidal neuronal networks, especially in the gamma frequency band (i.e. 30-100 Hz), are critical for the integrity of higher cortical functions. Disturbances of these networks may contribute to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia by compromising gamma oscillation. This concept is supported by the following postmortem and clinical observations. First, the density of dendritic spines on pyramidal neurons in layer 3 of the cerebral cortex, including the STG, have been shown to be significantly decreased by 23-66% in subjects with schizophrenia. Second, consistent with these findings, the average somal area of these pyramidal cells is significantly smaller. Third, we have recently found that, in the prefrontal cortex, the density of glutamatergic axonal boutons, of which dendritic spines are their major targets, was significantly decreased by as much as 79% in layer 3 (but not layer 5) in subjects with schizophrenia. Finally, an increasing number of clinical studies have consistently demonstrated that gamma oscillatory synchrony is profoundly impaired in patients with schizophrenia. Furthermore, gamma impairment has been linked to the symptoms and cognitive deficits of the illness and the severity of these symptoms and deficits have in turn been associated with the magnitude of cortical gray matter reduction. Taken together, understanding the molecular underpinnings of pyramidal cell dysfunction will shed important light onto the pathophysiology of cortical dysfunction of schizophrenia. In order to gain insight into the molecular determinants of pyramidal cell dysfunction in schizophrenia, we combined LCM with Affymetrix microarray and high-throughput TaqManM-BM-.-based MegaPlex qRT-PCR approaches, respectively, to elucidate the alterations in messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles of these neurons in layer 3 of the STG. We found that transforming growth factor beta (TGFM-NM-2) and BMP (bone morphogenetic proteins) signaling pathways and many genes that regulate extracellular matrix (ECM), apoptosis and cytoskeleton were dysregulated in schizophrenia. In addition, we identified 10 miRNAs that were differentially expressed in this illness; interestingly, the predicted targets of these miRNAs included the dysregulated pathways and gene networks identified by microarray analysis. Together these findings provide a neurobiological framework within which we can begin to formulate and test specific hypotheses about the molecular mechanisms that underlie pyramidal cell dysfunction in schizophrenia. Gene epxression microarray from RNA isolated from pyramidal cells in layer III of the STG from 9 normal controls and 9 subjects with schizophrenia. There was no significant difference between diagnosis groups for age, sex, and post mortem interval (PMI).
2012-05-14 | E-GEOD-37981 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We performed physiological recording and single cell RNAseq on mouse prefrontal cortical pyramidal and fast-spiking interneurons in the live brain slice preparation. One of the goals was to identify potential gene targets whose function might be disrupted in schizophrenia.
2020-12-22 | GSE135060 | GEO
Project description:The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is a key brain region involved in controlling working memory, executive function, and self-regulatory behaviours, and its malfunction is a hallmark of several neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. One of the main risk factors for the development of mental illness is chronic stress (CS). Despite some evidence pointing to possible excitation-inhibition (E/I) imbalances caused by CS, the precise mechanism by which CS triggers mPFC dysfunction is not fully understood. Here, using neuroproteomics analysis and whole-cell patch-clamp recordings, we investigated the functional changes in E/I ratio and synaptic drive onto pyramidal neurons and parvalbumin interneurons (PV) in the prelimbic (PL) and infralimbic (IL) cortices, following exposure to 21 days of chronic unpredictable stress. We demonstrate that CS impacts PL- versus IL-pyramidal neurons differently, driving a common decrease in E/I ratio without affecting PV interneurons. Our work brings insightful information and corroborates the hypothesis of stress-induced hypofunction of the mPFC.
2024-10-17 | PXD047291 | Pride
Project description:Impairment in social communication skills is a hallmark feature of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The role of G-protein coupled receptor 158 (GPR158) in ASD remains largely unexplored. In this study, we observed both constitutive and cell/tissue-specific knockouts of Gpr158 in pyramidal neurons or medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) result in impaired novelty preference, while sociability remains unaffected in male mice. Notably, loss of GPR158 leads to a significant decline in excitatory synaptic transmission, characterized by the reduction in glutamate vesicles, as well as the expression and phosphorylation of GluN2B in the mPFC. We successfully rescue the phenotype of social novelty deficits either by reintroducing GPR158 in the mPFC of Gpr158 deficient mice or by chemogenetic activation of pyramidal neurons where Gpr158 is specifically ablated. Our findings indicate that GPR158 in pyramidal neurons plays a specific role in modulating social novelty, and may represent a potential target for treating social disorder.
2024-09-04 | GSE276304 | GEO