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Reduced seawater pH alters marine biofilms with impacts for marine polychaete larval settlement

ABSTRACT: Reduced seawater pH alters marine biofilms with impacts for marine polychaete larval settlement Metagenome

PROVIDER: PRJNA661961 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR12639908_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR12639908_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR12639909_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR12639909_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR12639910_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Interdependent photo- and chemosensory systems regulate larval settlement in a marine sponge

Project description:Marine pelagic larvae from throughout the animal kingdom use a hierarchy of environmental cues to identify a suitable benthic habitat on which to settle and metamorphose into the reproductive phase of the life cycle. The majority of larvae are induced to settle by biochemical cues and many species have long been known to preferentially settle in the dark. Combined, these data suggest that larval responses to light and biochemical cues may be linked, but this is yet to be explored at the molecular level. Here, we track vertical position of larvae of the sponge Amphimedon queenslandica to show that they descend to the benthos at twilight, by which time they are competent to respond to biochemical cues, consistent with them naturally settling in the dark. We then conduct larval settlement assays under three different light regimes (natural day-night, constant dark or constant light), and use transcriptomics on individual larvae to identify candidate molecular pathways underlying the different settlement responses that we observe. We find that constant light prevents larval settlement in response to biochemical cues, likely via actively repressing chemostransduction; this is consistent with the sustained upregulation of a photosensory cryptochrome and two putative inactivators of G-protein signalling in the constant light only. We hypothesise that photo- and chemosensory systems may be hierarchically integrated into ontogeny to regulate larval settlement via nitric oxide (NO) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) signalling in this sponge that belongs to one of the earliest branching of the extant animal lineages.

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Interdependent photo- and chemosensory systems regulate larval settlement in a marine sponge

Project description:Interdependent photo- and chemosensory systems regulate larval settlement in a marine sponge

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Sponge larval settlement cues: the role of microbial biofilms in a warming ocean.

Project description:Microbial biofilms play important roles in initiating settlement of marine invertebrate larvae. Given the importance of habitat selection by the motile larval phase, understanding settlement choices is critical if we are to successfully predict the population dynamics of sessile adults. Marine microbial biofilms show remarkable variability in community composition, often mediated by environmental conditions and biofilm age. To determine if biofilm communities were influenced by the time allowed to establish (age) and/or seawater temperature, we manipulated experimental surfaces to firstly determine biofilm community composition and secondly test larval settlement responses for the abundant coral reef sponge Rhopaloeides odorabile. Microbial profiling of biofilms revealed different communities according to both age and temperature. Biofilm community composition, as a result of both elevated seawater temperature and biofilm age, contributed to settlement for sponge larvae with markedly higher numbers of larvae settling to biofilms developed over longer periods (10 d) and at temperatures 2-6°C above ambient.

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Monospecific Biofilms of Pseudoalteromonas Promote Larval Settlement and Metamorphosis of Mytilus coruscus.

Project description:As a stage of life cycle, larval settlement and metamorphosis are critical processes for persistence of many marine invertebrate populations. Bacterial biofilms (BFs) could induce larval settlement and metamorphosis. Pseudoalteromonas, a widely distributed genus of marine bacteria, showed inductive effects on several invertebrates. However, how Pseudoalteromonas BFs induce settlement and metamorphosis of Mytilus coruscus remains unclear. Pseudoalteromonas marina BFs with the highest inducing activity were further investigated to define inductive cues. Surface-bound products of P. marina BFs could induce larval settlement and metamorphosis. P. marina BFs treated with formalin, antibiotics, ultraviolet irradiation, heat and ethanol significantly reduced inductive effects and cell survival rates. The confocal laser scanning microscopy and the biovolume analysis showed the dominance of α-polysaccharides on P. marina BFs. Treatment of BFs with amylases, proteases and lipase led to the decrease of inducing activity, suggesting that inductive cues of P. marina BFs may comprise of molecular domains of polysaccharides, proteins, and lipids. Finding inductive cues of BFs could put forward further studies about the mechanism of larval settlement and metamorphosis of marine invertebrates.

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Transcriptomes of individual Amphimedon queenslandica larvae and settled post-larvae that were presented with one of three different settlement cues at different times (hours) post emergence from the adult sponge

Project description:To assess how larvae of different ages vary in their responses to different settlement cues, we induced individual Amphimedon queenslandica larvae with one of three different settlement cues at 1.5, 3, 5, and 8 hours post emergence (hpe) from the adult sponge. The settlement cues were (1) the articulated coralline algae Amphiroa fragilissima, (2) the crustose coralline algae Mesophyllum sp., and (3) the filtered seawater (FSW) negative control. We used CEL-Seq2, an RNA-Sequencing approach (Hashimshony et al., 2016), to generate transcriptome data for a total of 144 individuals (larvae and settled post-larvae) at 2 hours post induction (hpi) to the different settlement cues.

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