Enterocyte Superoxide Dismutase 2 Deletion Drives Hyperinsulinemia and Obesity
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA664402 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Compelling evidence support an involvement of oxidative stress and intestinal inflammation as early events in the predisposition and development of obesity and its related comorbidities. Here we show that deficiency of the major mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) in the gastrointestinal tract drives spontaneous obesity. Intestinal epithelium-specific Sod2 ablation in mice induced adiposity, inflammation and insulin resistance via phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activation and increased synthesis of omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid arachidonic acid. Remarkably, this obese and hyperinsulinemic phenotype was rescued when fed an essential fatty acid deficient diet, which abrogates de novo biosynthesis of arachidonic acid. Data from clinical samples revealed that the negative correlation between intestinal SOD2 mRNA levels and obesity features, such as body mass index and omega-6/omega-3 fatty acid ratio, appears to be conserved between mice and humans. Collectively, our findings suggest a role of intestinal SOD2 levels, PLA2 activity and arachidonic acid in obesity presenting new potential targets of therapeutic interest in the context of this metabolic disorder.
2021-12-31 | GSE158237 | GEO
Project description:Compelling evidence support an involvement of oxidative stress and intestinal inflammation as early events in the predisposition and development of obesity and its related comorbidities. Here, we show that deficiency of the major mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) in the gastrointestinal tract drives spontaneous obesity. Intestinal epithelium-specific Sod2 ablation in mice induced adiposity and inflammation via phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activation and increased release of omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid arachidonic acid. Remarkably, this obese phenotype was rescued when fed an essential fatty acid-deficient diet, which abrogates de novo biosynthesis of arachidonic acid. Data from clinical samples revealed that the negative correlation between intestinal Sod2 mRNA levels and obesity features appears to be conserved between mice and humans. Collectively, our findings suggest a role of intestinal Sod2 levels, PLA2 activity, and arachidonic acid in obesity presenting new potential targets of therapeutic interest in the context of this metabolic disorder.
| S-EPMC8753186 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Superoxide radical anion and other Reactive Oxygen Species are constantly produced during respiration. In mitochondria, the dismutation of the superoxide radical anion is accelerated by the mitochondrial superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), an enzyme that has been traditionally associated with antioxidant protection. However, increases in SOD2 expression promote oxidative stress, indicating that there may be a prooxidant role for SOD2. We show that SOD2, which normally binds manganese, can incorporate iron and generate an alternative isoform with peroxidase activity. The switch from manganese to iron allows FeSOD2 to utilize H2O2 to promote oxidative stress. We found that FeSOD2 is formed in cultured cells. FeSOD2 causes mitochondrial dysfunction and higher levels of oxidative stress in cultured cells. We show that formation of FeSOD2 converts an antioxidant defense into a prooxidant peroxidase that leads to cellular changes seen in multiple human diseases.
2017-12-05 | GSE106206 | GEO
Project description:Switch of mitochondrial superoxide dismutase into a prooxidant peroxidase in manganese-deficient cells
| PRJNA415919 | ENA
Project description:The importance of manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), an evolutionarily ancient metalloenzyme maintaining the integrity and functions of mitochondria, was studied in oxidative stress treated Aspergillus fumigatus cultures. Deletion of the Mn-SOD gene (sodB) increased both the menadione sodium bisulfite (MSB) elicited oxidative stress, and the deferiprone (DFP) induced iron limitation stress sensitivity of the strain. Moreover, DFP treatment enhanced the MSB sensitivity of both the gene deletion mutant and the reference strain. Concurring with these results, RNS sequencing data also demonstrated that deletion of sodB largely altered the MSB induced oxidative stress response. The difference between the oxidative stress responses of the two strains manifested mainly in the intensity of the response. Importantly, upregulation of “Ribosome protein”, “Iron uptake”, and Fe-S cluster assembly” genes, alterations in the transcription of “Fe-S cluster protein” genes, downregulation of “Heme binding protein” genes under MSB stress were characteristic for only the DsodB gene deletion mutant. We assume that the elevated superoxide level generated by MSB treatment may have destroyed Fe-S cluster proteins of mitochondria in the absence of SodB mediated protection. Re-synthesis of Fe-S cluster proteins enhanced translation and increased iron demand changing iron metabolism and increasing DFP sensitivity considerably.
2025-01-01 | GSE269970 | GEO
Project description:The balance between laminins containing the α5 (LAMA5) or the α4 (LAMA4) subunits is determinant for the diapedesis of different leukocyte subtypes in inflammatory conditions. We have shown that the extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3) is a positive regulator of LAMA4, and this was associated with enhanced intratumor T cell infiltration in experimental and primary human cancers. Here we show that SOD3 overexpression in neoplastic or endothelial cells (ECs) downmodulates LAMA5 levels in implanted tumors. The inhibitory effect of SOD3 on LAMA5 expression occurs at the transcriptional level and is specific for SOD3, since LAMA5 levels are not changed by in SOD1-overexpressing cells. Global transcriptomic analyses revealed that SOD3 overexpression changes the transcription of 1,682 genes in ECs exposed to tumor secreted factors, being the canonical and non-canonical Nuclear Factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathways major SOD3 targets. Indeed, SOD3 reduced the transcription of well-known NF-κB target genes as well as the NF-κB-driven promoter activity in endothelial cells stimulated with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, an inducer of NF-κB signaling
2022-03-02 | GSE189247 | GEO
Project description:Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a deadly complication of sepsis lacking effective managements. Although excessive inflammatory responses are emerging as key triggers of coagulopathy in sepsis, the interplays between immune system and coagulation are not fully understood. In a murine model of sepsis induced by intraperitoneal lipopolysaccharide (LPS), we found neutrophils in circulation mitigate the occurrence of DIC, thereby preventing the subsequent septic death. We found circulating neutrophils constantly release extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing mitochondria, which carry substantial amount of Superoxide Dismutase 2 (Sod2) upon LPS exposure. The extracellular Sod2 is necessary to bring about neutrophils’ antithrombotic function by eliminating endothelial reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and alleviating endothelial dysfunction. Intervening endothelial ROS accumulation by antioxidants significantly ameliorates DIC with correspondingly improved survival in sepsis. These findings revealed a novel interaction between neutrophils and vascular endothelium which critically regulates coagulation in sepsis and had potential implications for the management of septic DIC.
2022-07-26 | GSE206825 | GEO
Project description:IMS-MS data for Cu/Zn-Superoxide Dismutase (from bovine erythrocytes). Experiments were conducted on two different IMS platforms (DTIMS and TIMS) to compare the CCS values obtained under different types of IMS. Three separate solution conditions were used for the DTIMS data in order to obtain CCS values for the native, holo-dimeric protein, the holo-monomer, and the apo-monomer. Native conditions (30 mM ammonium acetate) were used to assess the native protein structure (holo-dimer). Holo-monomer formation was promoted by addition of 30% acetonitrile and 100 uM formic acid, while apo-monomer formation was promoted by addition of 30% acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid.
| MSV000086204 | MassIVE
Project description:Superoxide dismutase-3 downmodulates laminin α5 expression in endothelial cells via Nuclear Factor kappa B signaling inhibition
| PRJNA782194 | ENA
Project description:Efficient and economical iron metabolism of Aspergillus fumigatus protects its mitochondria in the absence of Mn-superoxide dismutase
| PRJNA1124527 | ENA