Vascular smooth muscle-derived TRPV1-expressing progenitors are a new source of cold induced thermogenic adipocytes
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA673699 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR12960834.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR12960835.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR12960836.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR12960837.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR12960838.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Brown adipose tissue (BAT) functions in energy expenditure in part due its role in thermoregulation. The prominent capacity of BAT to enhance fuel utilization and energy expenditure makes it an attractive target for treating obesity and metabolic disorders. Prolonged cold exposure induces de novo recruitment of brown adipocytes and activates their thermogenic activity. However, the exact source of cold-induced brown adipocytes is not completely understood. In this study, we sought to investigate the cellular origin of cold-induced brown adipocytes using single-cell RNA sequencing. We identified two distinct types of adipocyte progenitors that contribute to de novo recruitment of brown adipocytes in response to cold challenge. One is the previously known Pdgfra-expressing mesenchymal progenitors and the other is a vascular smooth muscle-derived adipocyte progenitor (VSM-APC) population, which expresses the temperature-sensitive ion channel transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (Trpv1). Using flow cytometry and lineage tracing, we demonstrated that the Trpv1pos VSM-APCs were indeed distinct from the Pdgfrapos progenitors and could contribute to brown adipocytes with greater thermogenic potential. Together, these findings illustrate a landscape of thermogenic adipose niche at the single cell resolution and identify a new cellular origin for the development of brown adipocytes.
2021-01-18 | GSE160585 | GEO
Project description:Brown adipose tissue (BAT) and beige fat function in energy expenditure in part due to their role in thermoregulation, making these tissues attractive targets for treating obesity and metabolic disorders. While prolonged cold exposure promotes de novo recruitment of brown adipocytes, the exact sources of cold-induced thermogenic adipocytes are not completely understood. Here, we identify transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (Trpv1)+ vascular smooth muscle (VSM) cells as previously unidentified thermogenic adipocyte progenitors. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of interscapular brown adipose depots reveals, in addition to the previously known platelet-derived growth factor receptor (Pdgfr)α-expressing mesenchymal progenitors, a population of VSM-derived adipocyte progenitor cells (VSM-APC) expressing the temperature-sensitive cation channel Trpv1. We demonstrate that cold exposure induces the proliferation of Trpv1+ VSM-APCs and enahnces their differentiation to highly thermogenic adipocytes. Together, these findings illustrate the landscape of the thermogenic adipose niche at single-cell resolution and identify a new cellular origin for the development of brown and beige adipocytes.
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Project description:Classic brown fat and inducible beige fat both dissipate chemical energy in the form of heat through the actions of mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1. This nonshivering thermogenesis is crucial for mammals as a defense against cold and obesity/diabetes. Cold is known to act indirectly through the sympathetic nervous systems and -adrenergic signaling, but here we report that cold temperature can directly activate a thermogenic gene program in adipocytes independent of -adrenergic signaling.
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Project description:Sustained responses to transient stimuli are important for animals to survive and reproduce in their environment. However, the mechanisms that underlie altered responses to temporary shifts in abiotic factors, such as temperature, remain poorly understood. Here, we find that transient cold exposure leads to sustained transcriptional and metabolic adaptations in brown adipose tissue, which are critical for an improved thermogenic response to secondary cold encounter. Primary thermogenic challenge triggers the delayed induction of a lipid biosynthesis program even after cessation of the original stimulus, which protects from subsequent exposures. By combining single-nucleus RNA sequencing, spatial transcriptomics, and immunofluorescence imaging, we discover that this lipogenic response is carried out by a distinct subpopulation of brown adipocytes that is localized along the perimeter of classical Ucp1high brown adipocytes. The protective effect of the lipogenic program is associated with the production of acyl carnitines, and supplementation of acyl carnitines recapitulates improved secondary cold responses even in the absence of lipogenesis. Overall, our data highlight the importance of heterogenous brown adipocyte populations for “thermogenic memory” in the setting of repeated cold exposure, which may have implications for therapeutic efforts leveraging short-term thermogenesis to counteract the hypercaloric state of obesity.
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Project description:A subpopulation of lipogenic brown adipocytes drives thermogenic memory
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Project description:The physiological adaptation to cold environmental temperatures involves the remodeling of energy-storing white adipose tissue (WAT) into an energy-burning thermogenic phenotype, characterized by the emergence of multi-locular beige adipocytes. To date, the full array of cold-responsive cells within WAT that mediate thermogenic remodeling remain undefined. Here, we demonstrate that distinct perivascular PDGFRb+ adipocyte precursor cell (APC) subpopulations are differentially sensitive to cold temperatures in vivo. One day of cold exposure elicits striking transcriptional changes in DPP4+ PDGFRb+ APCs, whereas committed DPP4- PDGFRb+ preadipocytes appear comparatively much less responsive. This adaptation includes beta-adrenergic receptor mediated induction in the expression of the pro-thermogenic cytokine, IL-33. DPP4+ PDGFRb+ cells represent the sole source of IL-33 within inguinal WAT of adult mice. Doxycycline-inducible deletion of Il33 in PDGFRb+ cells at the onset of cold exposure significantly compromises the thermogenic remodeling of WAT without directly impacting the differentiation capacity of APCs per se. Together, these studies reveal the presence of a cold-responsive progenitor cell subpopulation in adult WAT and highlight their ability to regulate tissue plasticity through the production of immunological factors.
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Project description:Mouse Vascularized Adipose Spheroids: An Organotypic Model for Thermogenic Adipocytes
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Project description:The physiological adaptation to cold environmental temperatures involves the remodeling of energy-storing white adipose tissue (WAT) into an energy-burning thermogenic phenotype, characterized by the emergence of multi-locular beige adipocytes. To date, the full array of cold-responsive cells within WAT that mediate thermogenic remodeling remain undefined. Here, we demonstrate that distinct perivascular PDGFRb+ adipocyte precursor cell (APC) subpopulations are differentially sensitive to cold temperatures in vivo. One day of cold exposure elicits striking transcriptional changes in DPP4+ PDGFRb+ APCs, whereas committed DPP4- PDGFRb+ preadipocytes appear comparatively much less responsive. This adaptation includes beta-adrenergic receptor mediated induction in the expression of the pro-thermogenic cytokine, IL-33. DPP4+ PDGFRb+ cells represent the sole source of IL-33 within inguinal WAT of adult mice. Doxycycline-inducible deletion of Il33 in PDGFRb+ cells at the onset of cold exposure significantly compromises the thermogenic remodeling of WAT without directly impacting the differentiation capacity of APCs per se. Together, these studies reveal the presence of a cold-responsive progenitor cell subpopulation in adult WAT and highlight their ability to regulate tissue plasticity through the production of immunological factors.
2021-11-09 | GSE169672 | GEO
Project description:Brown adipose tissue (BAT) generates heat via uncoupled respiration, providing mammals with an evolutionary defense against environmental cold. Although the molecular pathways by which cold activates brown adipocytes are well understood, little is known about how BAT maintains its thermogenic capacity during adaptation to environmental warmth. Here, we identify the transcriptional repressor BCL6 as the switch for maintaining brown adipocyte cellular identity under warm conditions. Mice lacking BCL6 in their brown adipocytes display normal thermogenic responses when housed in a cool environment, but fail to maintain thermogenic fitness when housed under warm conditions. In a temperature-dependent manner, BCL6 suppresses apoptosis, fatty acid storage, and coupled respiration to maintain thermogenic competence in brown adipocytes. Enhancer analysis revealed that BCL6 reinforces brown-specific while opposing white-specific enhancers to maintain cellular identity. Thus, unlike other regulators, BCL6 is dispensable for differentiation and activation of brown adipocytes, but specifically required for their maintenance in warmth.
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