Project description:The potential for dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) to improve reproductive efficiency in cattle has received much interest. The mechanisms by which n-3 PUFA may affect physiological and biochemical processes in key reproductive tissues are likely to be mediated by significant alterations in gene expression. We used microarrays to assess endometrial gene expression on day 17 of the estrous cycle in n-3 PUFA compared with control fed heifers. Beef heifers were supplemented with a rumen protected source of either a saturated fatty acid (CON; palmitic acid) or high n-3 PUFA (n-3 PUFA; 275 g) diet per animal per day for 45 days and global gene expression was determined in uterine endometrial tissue using an Affymetrix® oligonucleotide bovine array.
Project description:Transcriptional profiling of Bovine skeletal muscle was conducted comparing age of cattle and dietary regimes 4 prenatal time points, 4 postnatal time points, 2 dietary regimes at 3 time points
Project description:As the unique organ, rumen plays vital roles in providing products for humans, however, the underlying cell composition and interactions with epithelium-attached microbes remain largely unknown. Herein, we performed an integrated analysis in single-cell transcriptome, epithelial microbiome, and metabolome of rumen tissues to explore the differences of microbiota-host crosstalk between newborn and adult cattle models. We found that fewer epithelial cell subtypes and more abundant immune cells (e.g., Th17 cells) in the rumen tissue of adult cattle. Metabolism-related functions and oxidation-reduction process were significantly upregulated in the adult rumen epithelial cell subtypes. The epithelial Desulfovibrio was significantly enriched in the adult cattle. To further clarify the role of Desulfovibrio in host’s oxidation-reduction process, we performed metabolomics analysis of rumen tissues and found that Desulfovibrio showed a high co-occurrence probability with the pyridoxal in the adult cattle compared with newborn ones. The adult rumen epithelial cell subtypes also showed stronger ability of pyridoxal binding. These indicates that Desulfovibrio and pyridoxal likely play important roles in maintaining redox balance in adult rumen. The integrated analysis provides novel insights into the understanding of rumen function and facilitate the future precision improvement of rumen function and milk/meat production in cattle.
Project description:Investigation of whole genome gene expression level changes in rumen epithelium of dairy cattle at different stages of rumen development and on different diets.
Project description:The rumen harbors a complex mixture of archaea, bacteria, protozoa and fungi that efficiently breakdown plant biomass and its complex dietary carbohydrates into soluble sugars that can be fermented and subsequently converted into metabolites and nutrients utilized by the host animal. While rumen bacteria populations have been well documented, only a fraction of the rumen eukarya are taxonomically and functionally characterized, despite the recognition that they contribute to the cellulolytic phenotype of the rumen fauna. To investigate how anaerobic fungi actively engage in digestion of recalcitrant fiber that is resistant to the initial stages of rumination, we resolved genome-centric metaproteome and metatranscriptome datasets generated from switchgrass samples incubated in nylon bags within the rumen of cannulated dairy cows for 48 hours.