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Genome-wide detection of enhancer-hijacking events from chromatin interaction data in rearranged genomes

ABSTRACT: Genome-wide detection of enhancer-hijacking events from chromatin interaction data in rearranged genomes

PROVIDER: PRJNA678448 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR13061307_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR13061307_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR13061308_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR13061308_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR14108535_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Genome-wide detection of enhancer-hijacking events from chromatin interaction data in rearranged genomes

Project description:Recent efforts have shown that structural variations (SVs) can disrupt three-dimensional genome organization and induce enhancer hijacking, yet no computational tools exist to identify such events from chromatin interaction data. Here, we develop NeoLoopFinder, a computational framework to identify the chromatin interactions induced by SVs, including interchromosomal translocations, large deletions and inversions. Our framework can automatically resolve complex SVs, reconstruct local Hi-C maps surrounding the breakpoints, normalize copy number variation and allele effects and predict chromatin loops induced by SVs. We applied NeoLoopFinder in Hi-C data from 50 cancer cell lines and primary tumors and identified tens of recurrent genes associated with enhancer hijacking. To experimentally validate NeoLoopFinder, we deleted the hijacked enhancers in prostate adenocarcinoma cells using CRISPR–Cas9, which significantly reduced expression of the target oncogene. In summary, NeoLoopFinder enables identification of critical oncogenic regulatory elements that can potentially reveal therapeutic targets.

2021-03-23 | GSE161493 | GEO

Genome-wide detection of enhancer-hijacking events from chromatin interaction data in rearranged genomes.

Project description:Recent efforts have shown that structural variations (SVs) can disrupt three-dimensional genome organization and induce enhancer hijacking, yet no computational tools exist to identify such events from chromatin interaction data. Here, we develop NeoLoopFinder, a computational framework to identify the chromatin interactions induced by SVs, including interchromosomal translocations, large deletions and inversions. Our framework can automatically resolve complex SVs, reconstruct local Hi-C maps surrounding the breakpoints, normalize copy number variation and allele effects and predict chromatin loops induced by SVs. We applied NeoLoopFinder in Hi-C data from 50 cancer cell lines and primary tumors and identified tens of recurrent genes associated with enhancer hijacking. To experimentally validate NeoLoopFinder, we deleted the hijacked enhancers in prostate adenocarcinoma cells using CRISPR-Cas9, which significantly reduced expression of the target oncogene. In summary, NeoLoopFinder enables identification of critical oncogenic regulatory elements that can potentially reveal therapeutic targets.

| S-EPMC8191102 | biostudies-literature

3D genomics analysis identifies enhancer hijacking caused by structural alterations and extrachromosomal circular DNA formation [HiChIP]

Project description:Enhancer hijacking, caused by structural alterations, is a common cancer driver event that causes aberrant expression of oncogenes. Unfortunately, enhancer hijacking is difficult to detect due to the complexity of the cancer genome. Here we propose a simple yet robust strategy HAPI (Highly Active Promoter Interactions) to identify and characterize such events by following two rules: 1) oncogenes subject to enhancer hijacking should be potentially highly regulated by enhancers, 2) the hijacked enhancers should contribute an appreciable proportion of an oncogene’s overall enhancer activity. Applying this strategy to HiChIP data we and others generated in 34 cancer cell lines, we identified known enhancer hijacking events and uncovered novel enhancers hijacked by known or potentially novel oncogenes such as CCND1, ETV1, ID4, and NKX2-5, which we validated using CRISPRi assays and RNA-seq analysis. Furthermore, we found that complex enhancer hijacking events connecting genes and enhancers from multiple chromosomal segments are often caused by the formation of extrachromosomal circular DNA (ecDNA). Focusing on ecDNAs harboring the MYC oncogene, one of the most common gene targets of ecDNA, we found that these ecDNAs often stitch additional genes such as CDX2, ERBB2, and NFIB from other chromosomes to the MYC locus. These genes heavily hijack MYC enhancers for their activation, a novel insight into ecDNA biology, suggesting alternative therapeutic targets for MYC ecDNAs. Our study provides an efficient strategy to detect enhancer hijacking events, and more importantly reveals novel mechanisms underlying oncogene activation caused by simple or complex structural alterations.

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