Non-target site herbicide resistance is conferred by two distinct mechanisms in blackgrass (Alopecurus myosuroides)
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA681832 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR13176100_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR13176100_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR13176101_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR13176101_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR13176102_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Identification of the mechanisms that led to two different subtypes of multiple herbicide resistance in blackgrass using RNA-Seq data.
2021-01-27 | GSE162422 | GEO
Project description:Alopecurus myosuroides seed transcriptome
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Project description:Non-target site resistance (NTSR) to herbicides in black-grass (Alopecurus myosuroides) results in enhanced tolerance to multiple chemistries and is widespread in Northern Europe. To help define the underpinning mechanisms of resistance, global transcriptome and biochemical analysis have been used to phenotype three NTSR black-grass populations. These comprised NTSR1 black-grass from the classic Peldon field population, which shows broad-ranging resistance to post-emergence herbicides; NTSR2 derived from herbicide-sensitive (HS) plants repeatedly selected for tolerance to pendimethalin; and NTSR3 selected from HS plants for resistance to fenoxaprop-P-ethyl. NTSR in weeds is commonly associated with enhanced herbicide metabolism catalyzed by glutathione transferases (GSTs) and cytochromes P450 (CYPs). As such, the NTSR populations were assessed for their ability to detoxify chlorotoluron, which is detoxified by CYPs and fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, which is acted on by GSTs. As compared with HS plants, enhanced metabolism toward both herbicides was determined in the NTSR1 and NTSR2 populations. In contrast, the NTSR3 plants showed no increased detoxification capacity, demonstrating that resistance in this population was not due to enhanced metabolism. All resistant populations showed increased levels of AmGSTF1, a protein functionally linked to NTSR and enhanced herbicide metabolism. Enhanced AmGSTF1 was associated with increased levels of the associated transcripts in the NTSR1 and NTSR2 plants, but not in NTSR3, suggestive of both pre- and post-transcriptional regulation. The related HS, NTSR2, and NTSR3 plants were subject to global transcriptome sequencing and weighted gene co-expression network analysis to identify modules of genes with coupled regulatory functions. In the NTSR2 plants, modules linked to detoxification were identified, with many similarities to the transcriptome of NTSR1 black-grass. Critical detoxification genes included members of the CYP81A family and tau and phi class GSTs. The NTSR2 transcriptome also showed network similarities to other (a)biotic stresses of plants and multidrug resistance in humans. In contrast, completely different gene networks were activated in the NTSR3 plants, showing similarity to the responses to cold, osmotic shock and fungal infection determined in cereals. Our results demonstrate that NTSR in black-grass can arise from at least two distinct mechanisms, each involving complex changes in gene regulatory networks.
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Project description:ALOMYbase - Alopecurus myosuroides transcriptome resource
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Project description:The evolution of resistance to herbicides is a classic example of rapid contemporary adaptation in the face of a novel environmental stress. Evolutionary theory predicts that selection for resistance will be accompanied by fitness trade-offs in environments where the stress is absent. Alopecurus myosuroides, an autumn-germinating grass weed of cereal crops in North-West Europe, has evolved resistance to seven herbicide modes-of-action, making this an ideal species to examine the presence and magnitudes of such fitness costs. Here, we use two contrasting A. myosuroides phenotypes derived from a common genetic background, one with enhanced metabolism resistance to a commercial formulation of the sulfonylurea (ALS) actives mesosulfuron and iodosulfuron, and the other with susceptibility to these actives (S). Comparisons of plant establishment, growth, and reproductive potential were made under conditions of intraspecific competition, interspecific competition with wheat, and over a gradient of nitrogen deprivation. Herbicide dose response assays confirmed that the two lines had contrasting resistance phenotypes, with a 20-fold difference in resistance between them. Pleiotropic effects of resistance were observed during plant development, with R plants having a greater intraspecific competitive effect and longer tiller lengths than S plants during vegetative growth, but with S plants allocating proportionally more biomass to reproductive tissues during flowering. Direct evidence of a reproductive cost of resistance was evident in the nitrogen deprivation experiment with R plants producing 27% fewer seed heads per plant, and a corresponding 23% reduction in total seed head length. However, these direct effects of resistance on fecundity were not consistent across experiments. Our results demonstrate that a resistance phenotype based on enhanced herbicide metabolism has pleiotropic impacts on plant growth, development and resource partitioning but does not support the hypothesis that resistance is associated with a consistent reproductive fitness cost in this species. Given the continued difficulties associated with unequivocally detecting costs of herbicide resistance, we advocate future studies that adopt classical evolutionary quantitative genetics approaches to determine genetic correlations between resistance and fitness-related plant life history traits.
| S-EPMC6607922 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Resistance to the phenoxy synthetic auxin herbicide 2,4-D is conferred by a deletion mutation in the degron tail of IAA2. An RNA-Seq experiment was used to assemble a reference transcriptome for the weed species Sisymbrium orientale, to quantify gene expression, and to identify sequence variants in the alignments. A 27 bp deletion was identified in the IAA2 gene. Forward genetics supported the role of this deletion mutation in resistance. The IAA2 deletion allele was transformed into Arabidopsis thaliana to confirm that it conferred 2,4-D resistance.
2020-10-08 | GSE159202 | GEO
Project description:Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) alleles carrying one point mutation that confers resistance to herbicides have been identified in arable grass weed populations where resistance has evolved under the selective pressure of herbicides. In an effort to determine whether herbicide resistance evolves from newly arisen mutations or from standing genetic variation in weed populations, we used herbarium specimens of the grass weed Alopecurus myosuroides to seek mutant ACCase alleles carrying an isoleucine-to-leucine substitution at codon 1781 that endows herbicide resistance. These specimens had been collected between 1788 and 1975, i.e., prior to the commercial release of herbicides inhibiting ACCase. Among the 734 specimens investigated, 685 yielded DNA suitable for PCR. Genotyping the ACCase locus using the derived Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic Sequence (dCAPS) technique identified one heterozygous mutant specimen that had been collected in 1888. Occurrence of a mutant codon encoding a leucine residue at codon 1781 at the heterozygous state was confirmed in this specimen by sequencing, clearly demonstrating that resistance to herbicides can pre-date herbicides in weeds. We conclude that point mutations endowing resistance to herbicides without having associated deleterious pleiotropic effects can be present in weed populations as part of their standing genetic variation, in frequencies higher than the mutation frequency, thereby facilitating their subsequent selection by herbicide applications.
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