Project description:Deep sequencing of mRNA from 6 organs of yak (Bos grunniens) Analysis of ploy(A)+ RNA of brain,heart,liver,lung,spleen, and stomach of yak (Bos grunniens)
Project description:Cattle-yak is the hybrid offspring of yak and cattle. It has obvious heterosis in production performance, but the male sterility of cattle-yak has always been the focus of attention. Studies have shown that non-coding RNA is involved in the regulation of spermatogenesis. We comprehensively compared the testicular transcription profiles of cattle, yak and cattle-yak. More DEGs, DECs and DEMs were found in the intersection of the two comparison groups of cattle and cattle-yak, yak and cattle-yak, with 4,968, 360 and 59, respectively. The DEGs of cattle-yak, cattle and yak were mainly enriched in biological processes such as spermatogenesis, male gamete generation and sexual reproduction. At the same time, GO and KEGG analysis suggested that DECs host genes and DEMs source genes were also involved in the regulation of spermatogenesis. The construction of potential ceRNA networks found that some differentially expressed ncRNAs may be involved in the regulation of genes related to testicular spermatogenesis, including miR-423-5p, miR-449b, miR-34b/c, miR-15b, etc., as well as unreported miR-6123, miR-1306 and some miRNA and circRNA interaction pairs. This study provides a reference for further study on the mechanism of male sterility in cattle-yak.
Project description:The Jeryak is the hybrid offspring of yaks and Jersey cattle and exhibit improved milk and meat yields. Biomolecules carried within milk exosomes are important for cell growth, development, immune regulation, and various pathophysiological processes. Previous studies showed that miRNAs regulate mammary gland development, lactation, and milk quality. This study explored the relationship between milk exosomes miRNAs and lactation performance. A comparison of the milk content showed that yak milk was of a better quality compared to Jeryak milk (casein, fat, TS, SNF, lactose). Milk collected in December was superior to that collected in June for both yak and Jeryak, except for lactose concentrations. Exosomes were extracted by density gradient centrifugation and miRNA expression profiles in milk exosomes from three yaks and three Jeryaks collected in June and December were detected by small RNA sequencing. In all, 22, 120, 78, and 62 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were identified in Jun_ JY vs. Jun_ Y (P1: Jeryak in June vs. Yak in June), Jun_ JY vs. Dec_ JY (P2: Jeryak in June vs. Jeryak in December), Dec_ JY vs. Dec_ Y (P3: Jeryak in December vs. Yak in December), and Jun_ Y vs. Dec_ Y (P4: Yak in June vs. Yak in December) groups. These DEMs were enriched in functions and signaling pathways related to lactation performance. In conclusion, these findings are a reference tool to study the molecular basis of lactation performance.
Project description:This study used yak and cattle-yak testes from different developmental stages as materials to construct a complete translation map of the testes, and integrated transcriptome and translation results to explore gene expression changes during the sexual maturation process of yak testes. This study utilized Ribo seq technology to construct a transcriptome map of yak testicular development, revealing that the expression of genes related to spermatogenesis is specifically translated and regulated at different developmental stages. In addition, many unknown open reading frames (ORFs) in the testes have been newly identified.
Project description:A cellular atlas of yak ovary was established successfully, containing oocytes, granulosa cells, stromal cells, endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, natural killer cells, and macrophages. A cell-to-cell communication network was constructed in yak ovary.
Project description:Dermal papilla cells (DPCs) and epidermal hair matrix cells (HMCs) located in hair bulb are the key cell types during the hair follicles (HFs) development. To explore the mRNA and miRNA expression of DPCs and HMCs of yak hair follicle, illustrating the mocular basis of the interaction and cellular communication between DPCs and HMCs during the hair follicle development, the DPCs and HMCs of yak were isolated and cultured, RNA-seq was used to identify the differentially expressed mRNAs and miRNAs between DPCs and HMCs.
Project description:N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prominent mRNA modification in eukaryotes, and its potential regulatory role has recently been identified in mammals, plants, and yeast. However, how m6A methylation regulates spermatogenesis remains unknown. In this study, cattle-yak testis tissue was used as the experimental material, and the m6A map was generated through preliminary experiments and methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing. Only spermatogonia and Sertoli cells were observed in cattle-yak testis tissue. Experiments examining the expression of methylation-related enzymes and the overall methylation level showed that the methylation level in the testis of the cattle-yak was slightly lower than that of the sexually mature yak, but significantly higher than that of the pre-sexually mature yak. Annotation analysis indicated that differentially methylated peaks were most frequently concentrated in exonic regions, followed by 3'UTR and finally 5'UTR regions. Through enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes and differentially methylated corresponding genes, GO analysis of T-vs-Y group mainly involved spermatogenesis, including cytoskeleton, actin binding, etc. KEGG analysis showed that the differential genes were mainly enriched in actin cytoskeleton regulation and MAPK signaling pathway. GO analysis of the T-vs-M group mainly involved protein ubiquitination, ubiquitin ligase complexes, ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolism and endocytosis. KEGG analysis mainly involved apoptosis and Fanconi anemia pathways. This study will lay the foundation for elucidating the molecular mechanism of m6A in male sterility of cattle-yak.