Project description:To identify genes relevant to cold tolerance and the process of overwintering, we sequenced the transcriptomes of wintering and non-wintering adult and larval D. valens using the Illumina HiSeq platform. Differential expression analysis methods for other non-model organisms were used to compare transcript abundances in adults and larvae at two time periods, followed by the identification of functions and metabolic pathways related to genes associated with cold tolerance. We detected 4387 and 6091 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between sampling dates in larvae and adults, respectively, and 1140 common DEGs, including genes encoding protein phosphatase, very long-chain fatty acids protein, cytochrome P450, and putative leucine-rich repeat-containing proteins. In a GO enrichment analysis, 1,140 genes were assigned to 44 terms, with significant enrichment for cellulase activity, hydrolase activity, and carbohydrate metabolism. KEGG classification and enrichment analyses showed that the lysosomal and purine metabolism pathways involved the most DEGs, the highly enriched terms included autophagy - animal, pentose and glucuronate interconversions and lysosomal processes. We identified 138 candidate genes associated with cold tolerance, including genes with established roles in this trait (e.g., genes encoding trehalose transporter, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, and trehalase). Our comparative transcriptome analysis of adult and larval D. valens in different conditions provides basic data for the discovery of key genes and molecular mechanisms underlying cold tolerance.
Project description:The tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta, is a lepidopteran model species widely used to study insect biochemical processes. While some of its larval hemolymph proteins are well understood, a detailed proteomic analysis was unavailable until 2016, revealing features such as correlation with transcriptome data, formation of immune complexes, and constitution of an immune signaling system. Yet, it is unclear how these may change in other developmental stages. In this paper, we report the proteomes of cell-free hemolymph from prepupae, pupae on days 4 and 13, and young adults. Of the 1,824 proteins identified, 907 have a signal peptide and 215 are related to immunity. Drastic changes in abundance of the storage proteins, for instance, reflect physiological disparities among prepupae, pupae, and adults. Considerably more proteins lacking signal peptide are present in the late pupae, suggesting that plasma acts as a temporary reservoir for intracellular components released from remodeling tissues during metamorphosis. In summary, the proteins and their levels revealed in this study are expected to stimulate focused explorations of humoral immunity in wandering larvae, pupae, and adults of M. sexta and shed light upon functional and comparative genomic research in other holometabolous insects.
Project description:The goals of this study are to obtain the transcriptome profiling (RNA-seq) of different developmental stages and tissues in Ostrinia furnacalis. Methods: O. furnacalis embryos were collected less than 12 h post oviposition. 1st, 3rd and 5th instar of the Asian corn borer, which represents the newly hatched larvae, the middle stage of larvae and the mature larvae, was harvested for subsequent experiments. Pupae and adults were grouped into females and males, then female and male samples were mixed at the ratio of 1:1. The 3rd instar larvae were anesthetized on an ice plate for tissue extraction. The midgut, fat body and silk gland were isolated. All these samples were generated by deep sequencing, in triplicate, using Illumina NovaSeq 6000. The sequence reads that passed quality filters were analyzed at the transcript isoform level with two methods: Burrows–Wheeler Aligner (BWA) followed by ANOVA (ANOVA) and TopHat followed by Cufflinks. Results: We obtained the transcriptome profiling (RNA-seq) of different developmental stages and tissues in Ostrinia furnacalis Conclusions: Our study representsa detailed analysis of different developmental stages and tissues in Ostrinia furnacalis
Project description:Overall, the study aims at obtaining a comprehensive picture of the African malaria mosquito, Anopheles gambiae, transcriptome using high-coverage RNA-seq of sexed whole-insect samples collected at different developmental time points. This experiment focuses on transcriptomes of 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th instar male and female larvae, and 2 day old male and female adults.
Project description:Well-fed N2 worms were bleached as adults and embryos were placed in liquid culture under ad libitum (AL) or dietary restriction (DR) conditions. After 96 hr, AL and DR adults were bleached. AL and DR progeny were collected for mRNA-seq as starved L1 larvae
Project description:Comparative Genome Hybridization of Ectocarpus siliculosus strains 371 (freshwater ecotype), 524 (copper-tolerant strain), and 568 (female strain), as well as E. fasciculatus strain 395 against the sequenced genome strain (32).
Project description:Four developmental stage small RNA libraries including Eggs, Larvae, Pupae and Adults were constructed, where a lot of known miRNAs were identified and many novel miRNAs were predicted. Comparison of their expression profiles in the four libraries suggested that Bactrocera dorsalis miRNAs are dynamically regulated throughout the life cycle.Further analysis of the expression and function of these miRNAs could increase our understanding of regulatory networks in the insect and lead to novel approaches to its control.