Set2-mediated H3K36 methylation states redundantly repress the production of antisense transcripts:: role in transcription regulation
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA704345 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR13771040.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR13771041.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR13771042.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR13771043.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR13771044.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Histone H3K36 can be added up to three methyl groups to form mono-, di-, and tri-methylation states. Recent study has shown that Set2 can suppress a specific group of antisense transcripts, which largely depends on the presence of H3K36 methylation. However, whether different methylation states possess distinct regulatory mechanisms on antisense transcripts is still unclear. In this study, we identified two yeast mutants that lack H3K36 di-methylation and tri-methylation, respectively. We also identified novel antisense transcripts in the absence of Set2 with own bioinformatics pipeline. Our study showed that the expression of these antisense transcripts does not affect the expression of corresponding sense genes. Different H3K36 methylation states (me2/me3) are not specific for the regulation of antisense expression, implying a co-regulation mechanism between them. Altogether, our study developed a method to identify new antisense transcripts, examined the potential effect of H3K36 di-methylation and tri-methylation on production of antisense transcripts. This study would shed light on the mechanism underlying how H3K36 methylation functions in the production of antisense transcripts.
2021-06-19 | GSE167338 | GEO
Project description:Methyltransferase Set2-mediated methylation of histone H3 lysine 36 (H3K36), which involves the addition of up to three methyl groups at this site, has been demonstrated to function in many chromatin-coupled events. The methylation of H3K36 is known to recruit different chromatin effector proteins, affecting transcription, mRNA splicing and DNA repair. In this study, we engineered two yeast set2 mutants that lack H3K36 mono/dimethylation (H3K36me1/2) and trimethylation (H3K36me3), respectively, and characterized their roles in the production of antisense transcripts under nutrient-rich conditions. Using our new bioinformatics identification pipeline analysis, we are able to identify a larger number of antisense transcripts in set2∆ cells than has been published previously. We further show that H3K36me1/2 or H3K36me3 redundantly repressed the production of antisense transcripts. Moreover, gene ontology (GO) analysis implies that H3K36me3-mediated antisense transcription might play a role in DNA replication and DNA damage repair, which is independent of regulation of the corresponding sense gene expression. Overall, our results validate a coregulatory mechanism of different H3K36 methylation states, particularly in the repression of antisense transcription.
| S-EPMC8329787 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The transcription elongation factor Spt6 and the H3K36 methyltransferase Set2 are both required for H3K36 methylation and transcriptional fidelity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. By selecting for suppressors of a transcriptional defect in an spt6 mutant, we have isolated dominant SET2 mutations (SET2sup mutations) in a region encoding a proposed autoinhibitory domain. The SET2sup mutations suppress the H3K36 methylation defect in the spt6 mutant, as well as in other mutants that impair H3K36 methylation. ChIP-seq studies demonstrate that the H3K36 methylation defect in the spt6 mutant, as well as its suppression by a SET2sup mutation, occur at a step following the recruitment of Set2 to chromatin. Other experiments show that a similar genetic relationship between Spt6 and Set2 exists in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Taken together, our results suggest a conserved mechanism by which the Set2 autoinhibitory domain requires multiple interactions to ensure that H3K36 methylation occurs specifically on actively transcribed chromatin.
2019-02-13 | GSE116646 | GEO
Project description:In budding yeast, Set2 catalyzes di- and trimethylation of H3K36 (H3K36me2 and H3K36me3) via an interaction between its SRI domain and C-terminal repeats of RNA polymerase II (Pol2) phosphorylated at Ser2 and Ser5 (CTD-S2,5-P). H3K36me2 recruits the Rpd3S histone deacetylase complex to repress cryptic transcription from transcribed regions. In fission yeast, Set2 is also responsible for H3K36 methylation, which represses a subset of RNAs including heterochromatic and subtelomeric RNAs, at least in part via recruitment of Clr6 complex II, a homolog of Rpd3S. Here, we show that CTD-S2Pâdependent interaction of fission yeast Set2 with Pol2 via the SRI domain is required for formation of H3K36me3, but not H3K36me2. H3K36me3 silenced heterochromatic and subtelomeric transcripts through post-transcriptional and transcriptional mechanisms, respectively, whereas H3K36me2 did not. Clr6 complex II appeared not to be responsible for heterochromatic silencing. Our results demonstrate that H3K36 methylation has multiple outputs in fission yeast; these findings provide insight into the multiple roles of H3K36 methylation in metazoans, which have different enzymes for synthesis of H3K36me1/2 and H3K36me3. Gene expression profile at exponentially-growing phase.in the fission yeast deletion mutants of set2.
2016-02-04 | E-GEOD-66821 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:H3K36 methylation by Set2 targets Rpd3S histone deacetylase to 3â transcribed regions, repressing internal cryptic promoters and slowing elongation. To further explore the function of this pathway, global transcription was analyzed in yeast experiencing a series of carbon source shifts. Many previously unreported cryptic ncRNAs are induced by specific carbon sources, showing that cryptic promoters can be environmentally regulated. Also, approximately 230 mRNA genes show altered induction or repression upon SET2 deletion. A majority of Set2-repressed genes have overlapping lncRNA transcription. At these promoters, H3K36me3 and deacetylation by Rpd3S leads to slower or reduced induction. Unexpectedly, Set2 derepresses 159 genes, apparently by mediating a balance between Rpd3S and Rpd3L. Therefore, in addition to repression of cryptic transcription, H3K36 methylation maintains optimal expression dynamics of many mRNAs.
2016-09-25 | E-MTAB-4268 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Current models of MSL spreading in the context of Drosophila dosage compensation (DC) focus on interactions of MSL3 (male-specific lethal 3) with histone marks; especially Set2-dependent H3 lysine-36 trimethylation (H3K36me3). However, previous studies investigating the role of H3K36me3 in DC do not fully account for: other targets of Set2, redundancy between canonical H3.2 and replication-dependent H3.3, and X chromosome effects that are not sex-specific.To differentiate amongst these possibilities and to assess whether Set2 and/or H3K36 is essential for DC, we use RNA-Seq in WL3 brain (male and female) and L1 larvae (mixed sex) to compare Set2, H3.2K36R, H3.3K36R, and combined H3K36R mutant genotypes. In brains, we observe heterogeneous regulation of chrX genes by these factors in both males and females. These effects are not clearly linked to MSL3 binding or H4K16ac occupancy, but in some groups of genes, are clearly stronger in males. At L1, we also observe heterogeneous gene regulation distinct from an H4K16R control. Simultaneous mutation of both H3.2K36 and H3.3K36 results in an increase in expression in genes most strongly reduced in H4K16R mutants. Overall, the data are inconsistent with the prevailing model wherein H3K36me3 is essential for spreading the MSL complex to genes along the male X. Rather, we propose that Set2 and H3K36 support DC indirectly, via processes that are utilized by MSL, but common to both sexes.
2024-10-14 | GSE270800 | GEO
Project description:Current models of MSL spreading in the context of Drosophila dosage compensation (DC) focus on interactions of MSL3 (male-specific lethal 3) with histone marks; especially Set2-dependent H3 lysine-36 trimethylation (H3K36me3). However, previous studies investigating the role of H3K36me3 in DC do not fully account for: other targets of Set2, redundancy between canonical H3.2 and replication-dependent H3.3, and X chromosome effects that are not sex-specific.To differentiate amongst these possibilities and to assess whether Set2 and/or H3K36 is essential for DC, we use RNA-Seq in WL3 brain (male and female) and L1 larvae (mixed sex) to compare Set2, H3.2K36R, H3.3K36R, and combined H3K36R mutant genotypes. In brains, we observe heterogeneous regulation of chrX genes by these factors in both males and females. These effects are not clearly linked to MSL3 binding or H4K16ac occupancy, but in some groups of genes, are clearly stronger in males. At L1, we also observe heterogeneous gene regulation distinct from an H4K16R control. Simultaneous mutation of both H3.2K36 and H3.3K36 results in an increase in expression in genes most strongly reduced in H4K16R mutants. Overall, the data are inconsistent with the prevailing model wherein H3K36me3 is essential for spreading the MSL complex to genes along the male X. Rather, we propose that Set2 and H3K36 support DC indirectly, via processes that are utilized by MSL, but common to both sexes.
2024-10-14 | GSE270799 | GEO
Project description:In budding yeast, Set2 catalyzes di- and trimethylation of H3K36 (H3K36me2 and H3K36me3) via an interaction between its SRI domain and C-terminal repeats of RNA polymerase II (Pol2) phosphorylated at Ser2 and Ser5 (CTD-S2,5-P). H3K36me2 recruits the Rpd3S histone deacetylase complex to repress cryptic transcription from transcribed regions. In fission yeast, Set2 is also responsible for H3K36 methylation, which represses a subset of RNAs including heterochromatic and subtelomeric RNAs, at least in part via recruitment of Clr6 complex II, a homolog of Rpd3S. Here, we show that CTD-S2P–dependent interaction of fission yeast Set2 with Pol2 via the SRI domain is required for formation of H3K36me3, but not H3K36me2. H3K36me3 silenced heterochromatic and subtelomeric transcripts through post-transcriptional and transcriptional mechanisms, respectively, whereas H3K36me2 did not. Clr6 complex II appeared not to be responsible for heterochromatic silencing. Our results demonstrate that H3K36 methylation has multiple outputs in fission yeast; these findings provide insight into the multiple roles of H3K36 methylation in metazoans, which have different enzymes for synthesis of H3K36me1/2 and H3K36me3.
2016-02-04 | GSE66821 | GEO
Project description:Maintenance of a regular chromatin structure over the coding regions of genes occurs co-transcriptionally via the 'chromatin resetting' pathway. One of the central players in this pathway is the histone methyltransferase Set2. Here we show that the loss of Set2 in yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, results in transcription initiation of antisense RNAs embedded within body of protein-coding genes. These RNAs are distinct from the previously identified non-coding RNAs and cover 11% of the yeast genome. These RNA species have been named Set2-repressed antisense transcripts (SRATs) since the co-transcriptional addition of the H3K36 methyl mark by Set2 over their start sites results in their suppression. Interestingly, loss of chromatin resetting factor Set2 or the subsequent production of SRATs does not affect the abundance of the sense transcripts. This difference in transcriptional outcomes of overlapping transcripts due to a strand-independent addition of H3K36 methylation is a key regulatory feature of interleaved transcriptomes.
| S-EPMC5133703 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Set2-mediated methylation of H3K36 (H3K36me) regulates a diverse number of activities including DNA repair, mRNA splicing and the suppression of inappropriate or ‘cryptic’ transcription. Here, we describe an unexpected connection between Set2-mediated H3K36me and the regulation of nutrient stress response. We find cells deleted for SET2 (set2∆) are sensitive to inhibitors of Tor1, Tor2 and MAP kinase pathways that regulate the nutrient response pathway. Further genetic and biochemical analyses confirm a role for Set2-mediated H3K36me in nutrient stress response. At the molecular level, set2∆ cells demonstrate a dysregulated genome-wide transcriptional response to nutrient stress. Remarkably, newly initiated and bi-directional transcription events within the bodies of genes develop in set2∆ cells during nutrient stress. Importantly, these antisense transcripts extend into the promoters of the genes they arise from, resulting in pervasive transcriptional interference. Our results suggest that Set2-enforced transcriptional fidelity is critical to the proper regulation highly-tuned transcription programs.
2017-06-05 | GSE89265 | GEO