Project description:In order to further understand the corresponding mechanism of pepper plants in different infection stages.The blocks of fungal mycelia were inoculated on the soil surface about 2 cm away from the base of stem of the pepper plants at the six-leaf stage. After getting rid of the hyphae on stem surface, stem tissues (1 cm long pepper stem segments above the soil surface) that fungal hyphae just contacted (T1, about 24 h after inoculation) or surrounded (T2, about 48 h after inoculation) with pepper stems were harvested together to be taken as a sample of a different stage of fungal infection. Mock samples were taken at the same time as T1 but without inoculation of S. rolfsii. The samples were gently dried and snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen, and stored at -80 °C for the following experiments. Each sample was composed of stem tissues from 12 plants.
Project description:Background: TrkB-T1 is a BDNF receptor lacking a tyrosine kinase domain that is highly expressed in astrocytes and regulates BDNF-evoked calcium transients. Previous studies indicate that downregulation of TrkB-T1 in frontal cortex may be involved in neurobiological processes underlying suicide. Methods: In a microarray screening study (N=8), we interrogated all known microRNA in the frontal cortex of suicide completers with low expression of TrkB-T1 and normal controls. These findings were validated and followed up in a larger sample of cases and controls (N=55) Functional analyses included microRNA silencing, microRNA overexpression and luciferase assays to investigate specificity and to validate interactions between differentially expressed microRNA and TrkB-T1 Results: microRNAs Hsa-miR-185* and Hsa-miR-491-3p were upregulated in suicide completers with low expression of TrkB.T1 (Pnominal: 9.10-5 and 1.8.10-4 respectively; FDR-corrected p=0.031). Bioinformatic analyses revealed five putative binding sites for the DiGeorge syndrome linked microRNA Hsa-miR-185*in the 3’UTR of TrkB-T1, but none for Hsa-miR-491-3P. The increase of Hsa-miR-185* in frontal cortex of suicide completers was validated then confirmed in a larger, randomly selected group of suicide completers, where an inverse correlation between Hsa-miR-185* and TrkB-T1 expression was observed ( R=-0.404; p=0.002). Silencing and overexpression studies performed in human cell lines confirmed the inverse relationship between hsa-mir-185* and trkB-T1 expression. Luciferase assays demonstrated that Hsa-miR-185* binds to sequences in the 3’UTR of TrkB-T1. Conclusion: These results suggest that an increase of Hsa-miR-185* expression levels regulates, at least in part, the TrkB-T1 decrease observed in the frontal cortex of suicide completers and further implicate the 3MB 22q11 region in psychopathology.