Roles of voltage-gated potassium channels in the maintenance of pancreatic cancer stem cells
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA722320 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:The targeting of membrane proteins that are activated in cancer stem cells (CSCs) represents one of the key strategies in novel cancer therapy. The present study investigated ion channel expression profiles and functions in pancreatic CSCs (PCSCs). Cells strongly expressing aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A1 (ALDH1A1) were separated from PK59 cells, a human pancreatic cancer cell line, using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), and PCSCs were identified based on tumorsphere formation. A microarray analysis was performed to investigate gene expression profiles in PCSCs. ALDH1A1 messenger RNA levels were higher in PCSCs. PCSCs were resistant to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and capable of re-differentiation. The microarray analysis revealed that gene expression related to ion channels, including voltage-gated potassium channels (Kv), was up-regulated. 4-Aminopyridine (4-AP), a potent Kv inhibitor, exhibited greater cytotoxicity in PCSCs. In a xenograft model in nude mice, tumor volumes were significantly smaller in mice injected with PK59 cells treated with 4-AP than in those injected with non-treated cells. The present results implicate Kv in the persistence of PCSCs, and the Kv inhibitor, 4-AP, has potential as a therapeutic agent for pancreatic carcinoma.
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Project description:Using whole-cell patch clamp recording and unbiased gene expression profiling in rat dissociated hippocampal neurons cultured at high density, we demonstrate here that chronic activity blockade induced by the sodium channel blocker tetrodotoxin leads to a homeostatic increase in action potential firing and down-regulation of potassium channel genes. In addition, chronic activity blockade reduces total potassium current, as well as protein expression and current of voltage-gated Kv1 and Kv7 potassium channels, which are critical regulators of action potential firing. Importantly, inhibition of N-Methyl-D-Aspartate receptors alone mimics the effects of tetrodotoxin, including the elevation in firing frequency and reduction of potassium channel gene expression and current driven by activity blockade, whereas inhibition of L-type voltage-gated calcium channels has no effect.
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Project description:Estrogen-related receptor γ (ERRγ) serves a critical O2-dependent regulatory role in differentiation of human cytotrophoblasts to syncytiotrophoblast. In this study, we investigated expression of genes encoding tissue kallikreins (KLK1) and voltage-gated K+ channels (KV7) during differentiation of human trophoblasts in culture and the roles of ERRγ and O2 tension in their regulation. Expression of KLK1 and the KV7 channel subunits, KCNQ1, KCNE1, KCNE3, KCNE5, increased during differentiation of cultured human trophoblast cells in a 20% O2 environment. Notably, together with ERRγ, expression of KLK1, KCNQ1, KCNE1, KCNE3 and KCNE5 was markedly reduced when cells were cultured in a hypoxic environment (2% O2). Moreover, upon transduction of trophoblast cells with shRNAs for endogenous ERRγ, KLK1, KCNQ1, KCNE1 and KCNE3 expression was significantly decreased. Promoter and site-directed mutagenesis studies in transfected cells identified putative ERRγ response elements (ERREs) within the KLK1 and KCNE1 5'-flanking regions required for ERRγ -stimulated transcriptional activity. Binding of endogenous ERRγ to these ERREs increased during trophoblast differentiation in culture and was inhibited by hypoxia. The KV7 blocker linopirdine reduced hCG secretion and aggregation of cultured human trophoblasts, suggesting a possible role of KV7 channels in cell fusion and differentiation. Illumina gene expression arrays of cultured human trophoblast cells revealed several genes upregulated during syncytiotrophoblast differentiation and downregulated upon ERRγ knockdown involved in cell differentiation, adhesion, and synthesis of steroid and peptide hormones required for placental development and function. Collectively, these findings suggest that ERRγ mediates O2-dependent expression of genes involved in human trophoblast differentiation, function and vascular homeostasis.
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Project description:MicroRNA-96 is required to prevent allodynia by repressing voltage-gated sodium channels in spinal cord
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Project description:Voltage-gated sodium channels (Navs) 1.7, 1.8, and 1.9 are predominately expressed in peripheral sensory neurons and are critical for action potential propagation in nociceptors. Unexpectedly, we found that expression of SCN9A, SCN10A, SCN11A, and SCN2A, the alpha subunit of Nav1.7, Nav1.8, Nav1.9 and Nav1.2, respectively, are up-regulated in spinal dorsal horn (SDH) neurons of miR-96 knockout mice. These mice also have de-repression of CACNA2d1/2 in DRG and display heat and mechanical allodynia that could be attenuated by intrathecal or intraperitoneal injection of Nav1.7 or Nav1.8 inhibitors or Gabapentin. Moreover, Gad2::CreERT2 conditional miR-96 knockout mice phenocopied global knockout mice, implicating inhibitory neurons; nerve injury induced significant loss of miR-96 in SDH GABAergic and Glutamatergic neurons in mice which negative correlated to up-regulation of Nav1.7, Nav1.8, Nav1.9 and Scn2a, this dis-regulation of miR-96 and Navs in SDH neurons contributed to neuropathic pain which can be alleviated by intrathecal injection of Nav1.7 or Nav1.8 blockers. In conclusion, miR-96 is required to avoid allodynia through limiting the expression of VGCCs and Navs in DRG and Navs in SDH in naïve and nerve injury induced neuropathic pain mice. Our findings suggest that central nervous system penetrating Nav1.7 and Nav1.8 inhibitors may be efficacious for pain relief.
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