Expression data of GFP-GnRH neurons during rat embryonic development
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PROVIDER: PRJNA731929 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:During development, gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons are born in the nasal placode and migrate to the hypothalamus, where they position to regulate sexual reproduction. Defective GnRH neuron development may lead to GnRH deficiency (GD) which is characterized by absent or delayed puberty. Several GD causative genes have been identified so far, but half of the cases are still idiopathic. The identification of candidate genes is also hampered by the difficulty in isolating and studying GnRH neurons, which are small in number, develop in a short developmental window and lack specific markers. Gene expression profiles of GnRH neurons are lacking, as obtaining primary GnRH neurons is challenging and no reports on gene expression profiles during the whole developmental process of GnRH neurons are available. In this work, we obtained the transcriptomic profile of sorted GFP-positive and unsorted GFP-negative cells from Gnrh1-GFP rat embryos at three developmental stages, representing the initiation (embryonic day (E)14), the peak (E17) and the completion of GnRH neuronal migration (E20).
2023-02-28 | GSE174896 | GEO
Project description:We utilized translating ribosome affinity purification (TRAP) coupled with RNA sequencing to examine mRNAs of GnRH neurons in adult intact and gonadectomized (GDX) male and female mice. TRAP produces one RNA fraction enhanced for GnRH neuron transcripts and one RNA fraction depleted. cDNA libraries were created from each fraction and 50-base, paired-end sequencing done and differential expression (enhanced fraction/depleted fraction) determined with a threshold of >1.5 or <0.66 fold (false discovery rate p≤0.05). A core of ~840 genes were differentially expressed in GnRH neurons in all treatments, including enrichment for Gnrh1 (~40 fold), and genes critical for GnRH neuron and/or gonadotrope development. In contrast, non-neuronal transcripts were not enriched or were de-enriched. Several epithelial markers were also enriched, consistent with the olfactory epithelial origins of GnRH neurons. Interestingly, many synaptic transmission pathways were de-enriched, in accordance with relatively low innervation of GnRH neurons. The most striking difference between intact and GDX mice of both sexes was a marked down regulation of genes associated with oxidative phosphorylation and upregulation of glucose transporters in GnRH neurons from GDX mice.
2018-04-18 | GSE110042 | GEO
Project description:Rat pituitary organ cultures were treated with either GnRH at 10nM for 6 hours, or treated with control for 6 h, both groups in triplicate; samples were processed to generate total RNA, which were subsequently analyzed for gene expression using Affymetrix rat 230 2.0 arrays Experiment Overall Design: Comparison of gene expression profiles between GnRH-treated and control rat pituitary organ cultures
2008-06-13 | E-GEOD-4865 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:GnRH neurons are fundamental for reproduction in all vertebrates ultimately integrating all reproductive inputs. The inaccessibility of human GnRH-neurons has been a major impediment to studying the central control of reproduction and its disorders. Here, we report the efficient generation of kisspeptin responsive GnRH-secreting neurons by directed differentiation of human Pluripotent Stem Cells. The protocol involves the generation of intermediate Neural Progenitor Cells (NPCs) through long-term Bone morphogenetic protein 4 inhibition followed by terminal specification of these NPCs in a media containing FGF8 and a NOTCH inhibition. The resulting GnRH expressing and secreting neurons display a neuroendocrine gene expression pattern and present spontaneous calcium transients that can be stimulated by kisspeptin. These in vitro generated GnRH expressing cells provide a new resource for studying the molecular mechanisms underlying the development and function of GnRH neurons.
2016-09-17 | GSE86990 | GEO
Project description:Identifying the early gene program induced by GnRH would help understand how GnRH-activated signaling pathways modulate gonadotrope secretory response. We previously analyzed GnRH-induced early genes in LbT2 cells, however these lack GnRH self-potentiation, a physiological attribute of gonadotropes. To minimize cellular heterogeneity, rat primary pituitary cultures were enriched for gonadotropes by 40-60% using a sedimentation gradient. Given the limited number of gonadotropes, RNA was amplified prior to microarray analysis. Thirty-three genes were up-regulated 40 minutes after GnRH stimulation. Real-time PCR confirmed regulation of several transcripts including fosB, c-fos, egr-2 and rap1b, a small GTPase and member of the Ras family. GnRH stimulated rap1b gene expression in gonadotropes, measured by a sensitive single cell assay. Immunocytochemistry revealed increased Rap1 protein in GnRH-stimulated gonadotropes. These data establish rap1b as a novel gene rapidly induced by GnRH and a candidate to modulate gonadotropin secretion in rat gonadotropes. Primary rat gonadotrope cells were exposed to 10 nM GnRH for 40 min, then harvested and processed for RNA extraction using a Qiagen RNeasy mini kit (Qiagen, Valencia, CA). A total of 12 Affymetrix Rat Expression Array 230 v2.0, namely 6 GnRH-treated and 6 vehicle-treated samples, each containing 31,000 gene clusters, were used. Data analysis was performed by Affymetrix GeneChip Operating System (GCOS). A gene was considered to be up-regulated by GnRH if there is at least 50% concordance across multiple pairwise comparisons of GnRH- vs. vehicle-treated microarrays, and if the fold-change was at least 1.50.
2011-08-16 | E-GEOD-31399 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Identifying the early gene program induced by GnRH would help understand how GnRH-activated signaling pathways modulate gonadotrope secretory response. We previously analyzed GnRH-induced early genes in LbT2 cells, however these lack GnRH self-potentiation, a physiological attribute of gonadotropes. To minimize cellular heterogeneity, rat primary pituitary cultures were enriched for gonadotropes by 40-60% using a sedimentation gradient. Given the limited number of gonadotropes, RNA was amplified prior to microarray analysis. Thirty-three genes were up-regulated 40 minutes after GnRH stimulation. Real-time PCR confirmed regulation of several transcripts including fosB, c-fos, egr-2 and rap1b, a small GTPase and member of the Ras family. GnRH stimulated rap1b gene expression in gonadotropes, measured by a sensitive single cell assay. Immunocytochemistry revealed increased Rap1 protein in GnRH-stimulated gonadotropes. These data establish rap1b as a novel gene rapidly induced by GnRH and a candidate to modulate gonadotropin secretion in rat gonadotropes.
2011-08-17 | GSE31399 | GEO
Project description:Hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons lays the foundation for human development and reproduction, however, the critical cell populations and the entangled mechanisms underlying the development of human GnRH neurons remain poorly understood. Here, by utilizing our established human pluripotent stem cells-derived GnRH neuron model, we decoded the cellular heterogeneity and differentiation trajectories at the single-cell level. We found that a glutamatergic neuron population, which generated together with GnRH neurons, showed similar transcriptomic properties with olfactory sensory neuron and provided the migratory path for GnRH neurons. Through trajectory analysis, we identified a specific gene module activated along the GnRH neuron differentiation lineage, and we examined one of the transcription factors, DLX5, expression in human fetal GnRH neurons. Furthermore, we found that Wnt inhibition could increase DLX5 expression, and improve the GnRH neuron differentiation efficiency through promoting neurogenesis and switching the differentiation fates of neural progenitors into glutamatergic neurons/GnRH neurons. Our research comprehensively reveals the dynamic cell population transition and gene regulatory network during GnRH neuron differentiation.
2022-10-04 | GSE212901 | GEO
Project description:Rat pituitary organ cultures were treated with either GnRH at 10nM for 6 hours, or treated with control for 6 h, both groups in triplicate; samples were processed to generate total RNA, which were subsequently analyzed for gene expression using Affymetrix rat 230 2.0 arrays Keywords: rat pituitary organ culture treated vs control
2006-08-31 | GSE4865 | GEO
Project description:During development, gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons are born in the nasal placode and migrate to the hypothalamus, where they position to regulate sexual reproduction. Defective GnRH neuron development may lead to GnRH deficiency (GD) which is characterized by absent or delayed puberty. Several GD causative genes have been identified so far, but half of the cases are still idiopathic. The identification of candidate genes is also hampered by the difficulty in isolating and studying GnRH neurons, which are small in number, develop in a short developmental window and lack specific markers. Immortalized murine cell lines have been developed in past years. Of interest, GT1-7 represent hypothalamic post-migratory neurons, whereas GN11 cells represent GnRH neurons blocked at an early stage of their migration. Here, we obtained the transcriptomic profile of Gn11 abnd GT1-7 cells, representing GnRH neurons at an immature and mature developmental stage, respectively.
2023-02-28 | GSE174902 | GEO
Project description:E18 embryonic rat cortical neurons cultured in vitro are infected with lentivirus expressing control or PHF6shRNA-2, and harvested 5 days after infection
2013-08-01 | GSE45953 | GEO