KAP1-mediated epigenetic suppression in anti-RNA viral responses by direct targeting RIG-I and MDA5
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PROVIDER: PRJNA739090 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs), including RIG-I (encoded by Ddx58) and MDA5 (melanoma-differentiation-associated gene 5, encoded by Ifih1), are crucial for initiating antiviral responses. Endogenous retroviral elements (ERVs) are transposable elements derived from exogenous retrovirus that integrated into the genome. KRAB-associated protein 1 (KAP1) is a master epigenetic suppressor of ERVs, and thereby protects cells from detrimental genome instability. Increased ERV transcripts are sensed by RLRs and trigger innate immune signaling. However, whether KAP1 could directly control RLRs activity remain unclear. Here we show that KAP1 attenuates RNA viral infection induced type I IFNs and facilitates viral replication by inhibiting RIG-I/MDA5 expression in primary peritoneal macrophages of C57BL/6J mice. Kap1 deficiency increased IFN-β expression and inhibited VSV replication in C57BL/6J mice in vivo. Mechanistically, KAP1 binds to the promoter regions of Ddx58 and Ifih1, and promotes the establishment of repressive histone marks in primary peritoneal macrophages of C57BL/6J mice. Concordantly, KAP1 suppresses the expression of RIG-I and MDA5 at transcriptional level in primary peritoneal macrophages of C57BL/6J mice. Our results establish that KAP1 epigenetically suppresses host antiviral responses by direct targeting RIG-1 and MDA5, and thus facilitates the immune escape of RNA viruses.
2021-07-28 | GSE178443 | GEO
Project description:The RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs: RIG-I, MDA5 and LGP2) trigger inflammatory and antiviral responses by sensing non-self RNA molecules produced during viral replication. LGP2 regulation of RIG-I and MDA5-dependant type-I interferon signaling is a matter of controversy. Here we show that LGP2 interacts with different components of the RNA silencing machinery. Particularly, we identified a direct protein-protein interaction between LGP2 and interferon-inducible double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase activator A (PACT). The LGP2-PACT interaction is mediated by the regulatory C-terminal domain of LGP2 and is necessary for inhibiting the RIG-I- and amplifying the MDA5-responses. We describe a point mutation within LGP2 that disrupts LGP2-PACT interaction and leads to the loss of LGP2 regulatory activity over RIG-I and MDA5. These results provide a model in which PACT-LGP2 interaction regulates RIG-I and MDA5 inflammatory response and allows cellular RNA silencing machinery to coordinate the innate immune response.
2019-10-02 | PXD013191 | Pride
Project description:The RIG-I like receptors (RLRs) RIG-I and MDA5 are cytosolic RNA helicases best characterized as restriction factors for RNA viruses. However, evidence suggests RLRs participate in innate immune recognition of other pathogens, including DNA viruses. Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is a human gammaherpesvirus and the etiological agent of Kaposi's sarcoma and primary effusion lymphoma (PEL). We demonstrate that RIG-I and MDA5 restrict KSHV lytic reactivation in PEL. By performing fRIP-Seq, we define the in vivo RLR substrates and demonstrate that RIG-I and MDA5-mediated restriction is facilitated exclusively by the recognition of host-derived RNAs.
2018-10-11 | GSE116650 | GEO
Project description:The important role of IGF-1R in cancers has been well established. Classical model involves IGF-1/2 binding to IGF-1R, following activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway, thereby promoting cell proliferation, apoptosis inhibition and treatment resistance. While IGF-1R has become a promising target for cancer therapy, clinical disclosures subsequently have been less encouraging. The question is whether targeting IGF/IGF-1R still holds therapeutic potential. Here we show a novel mechanism that knockdown IGF-1R surprisingly triggers cytoplasmic viral RNA sensors MDA5 and RIG-1, leading to mitochondrial apoptosis in cancer. We analyzed MDA5 and RIG-1 in the intestinal epithelium of IGF-1R knockdown mice. Igf1r+/- mice demonstrated higher MDA5 and RIG-1 than WT mice. IGF-1R knockdown-triggered MDA5 and RIG-1 was further analyzed in human cancer and normal cells. Increased MDA5 and RIG-1 were clearly seen in the cytoplasm identified by immunofluoresce in the cells silenced IGF-1R. Block off IGF-1R downstream PI3K/Akt did not impact on MDA5 and RIG-1 expression. IGF-1R knockdown-triggered MDA5 and RIG-1 and their signaling pathways were similar to those of viral RNA mimetic poly(I:C) had. IGF-1R knockdown-triggered MDA5 and RIG-1 led to cancer apoptosis through activation of the mitochondrial pathway. In vivo assay, Igf1r+/- mice strongly resisted AOM-induced colonic tumorigenesis through triggering MDA¬5- and RIG-1-mediated apoptosis. Notably, RIG-I and MDA5-mediated proapoptotic signaling pathway is preferential active in cancer cells. These data suggest that targeting IGF-1R-triggered MDA5 and RIG-1 might have therapeutic potential for cancer treatment.
2019-11-30 | GSE122534 | GEO
Project description:VSV-M2 is recognized by cytosolic RIG-I. Notably, 5'-triphosphate RNA molecules derived from either viral RNA or from the synthetically produced 3pRNA can also induce RIG-I activation. MDA5 stimulation is achieved using complexed poly(I:C), a synthetic analog of viral dsRNA. To test whether the RIG-I and MDA5 ligands 3pRNA and poly(I:C) can be used in their complexed structures to decipher RNA virus-induced sickness behavior in vivo, we first compared the tissue-specific signaling pathways after systemic challenge with VSV-M2 and the RIG-I and MDA5 ligands, respectively. A whole-genome expression analysis using splenic cells was carried out using an Affymetrix Mouse Gene 2.1 ST Array.
2016-04-20 | GSE74015 | GEO
Project description:RIG-I and MDA5 fRIP during KSHV lytic reactivation
| PRJNA479810 | ENA
Project description:Introns encode dsRNAs undetected by RIG-I/MDA5/interferons and sensed via RNase L
| PRJNA719091 | ENA
Project description:KAP1 (TRIM28) is a transcriptional regulator in embryonic development that controls stem cell self-renewal, chromatin organization and the DNA damage response, acting as an essential co-repressor for KRAB family zinc finger proteins (KRAB-ZNF). To gain insight into the function of this large gene family, we developed an antibody that recognizes the conserved zinc fingers linker region (ZnFL) in multiple KRAB-ZNF. Here we report that the expression of many KRAB-ZNF along with active SUMOlyated KAP1 is elevated widely in human breast cancers. KAP1 silencing in breast cancer cells reduced proliferation and inhibited the growth and metastasis of tumor xenografts. Conversely, KAP1 overexpression stimulated cell proliferation and tumor growth. In cells where KAP1 was silenced, we identified multiple downregulated genes linked to tumor progression and metastasis, including EREG/epiregulin, PTGS2/COX2, MMP1, MMP2 and CD44, along with downregulation of multiple KRAB-ZNF proteins. KAP1-dependent stabilization of KRAB-ZNF required direct interactions with KAP1. Together, our results show that KAP1-mediated stimulation of multiple KRAB-ZNF contributes to the growth and metastasis of breast cancer.
2014-09-23 | GSE61639 | GEO
Project description:A current model for the genomic recruitment of Kap1 is via its interaction with KRAB domain-containing zinc finger transcription factors. We have performed ChIP-seq for various mutant KAP1 proteins and shown that this recruitment mechanism mediates binding of KAP1 only to the 3M-CM-"M-BM-^@M-BM-^Y ends of zinc finger genes and that other factors are involved in recruiting KAP1 to promoter regions. 17 total ChIP-seq datasets; three different FLAG-KAP1 mutants, one FLAG-KAP1 wild type, and four different Input datasets from 4 different stable cell lines derived from HEK293 cells: 1 FLAG-KAP1 wild type dataset and 1 Input dataset done from HEK293 stable cells; 1 FLAG-KAP1 HP1BDmut dataset and 1 Input dataset done from HEK293 stable cells, 1 FLAG-KAP1 N-ter RBCC{delta}mut dataset and 1 Input dataset done from HEK293 stable cells, 1 FLAG-KAP1 C-ter PB{delta}mut dataset and 1 Input dataset done from HEK293 stable cells. One FLAG-KAP1 N/C-ter (RBCC+PB){delta}mut dataset done from T-REx HEK293 stable cells. One endogenous KAP1 dataset done from HEK293 cells. Two independent ELK4 datasets done from duplicate HEK293 cells. One endogenous Kap1 dataset and one Input dataset from a stable cell line derived from U2OS cells.
2011-05-24 | E-GEOD-27929 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Aberrant activation of innate immune receptors can cause a spectrum of immune disorders, such as Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS). One such receptor is MDA5, a viral double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) sensor that induces antiviral immune response. We here demonstrate that constitutive activation of MDA5 in AGS results from the loss of tolerance to cellular dsRNAs formed by Alu retroelements. While wild-type MDA5 cannot efficiently recognize Alu-dsRNA because its filament formation on dsRNA is impaired by the imperfect duplex structure, AGS-variants of MDA5 display reduced sensitivity to duplex structural irregularities, assembling signaling-competent filaments on Alu-dsRNA. Moreover, we identified an unexpected role of RNA-rich cellular environment in suppressing aberrant MDA5 oligomerization, highlighting context-dependence of self vs. non-self discrimination. Overall, our work demonstrates that the increased efficiency of MDA5 to recognize dsRNA comes at a cost of self-recognition, and implicates a unique role of Alu RNAs as virus-like elements that shape the primate immune system.
2018-01-29 | GSE103539 | GEO